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J T Snook

Publications and source records attributed to J T Snook.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of ethanol use and other lifestyle variables on measures of selenium status.

Relationships between blood levels of selenium (SE) and SE-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and selected lifestyle variables including ethanol ingestion, smoking behavior, nutrient intake, and nutrient supplement use were studied in 124 male and female subjects, half of whom drank alcoholic beverages lightly or moderately. Among the 19 independent lifestyle variables included in correlation and multiple regression analysis, ethanol intake was most strongly and consistently associated with levels of plasma and whole blood SE and plasma GPX activity, r = .32-.34, p less than 0.01. Light to moderate drinkers had higher, p less than 0.05, whole blood and plasma SE and GPX than subjects abstaining from alcohol. SE intake was not different. This positive association was in contrast to some previous reports in which alcoholics were shown to have lower blood SE levels than control subjects. A possible explanation could be the adequate SE intake and the light to moderate ethanol consumption of drinkers in this study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on selenium status and utilization in rats.

Effects of chronic ingestion of 2 levels of alcohol on selenium (Se) utilization were determined in initially Se-depleted rats. Male weanling rats were fed ad lib a Se deficient (0.012 mg/kg) basal diet for 4 weeks and then were meal-fed low or marginally adequate Se in the form of high Se yeast for 4 weeks. During Se repletion, ethanol, which replaced medium-chain triglycerides in the diet, provided 10 or 20 percent of food energy. The basal diet provided 80% of food energy as well as adequate protein, vitamins and minerals. In rats given adequate Se moderate chronic ethanol consumption did not influence Se absorption or retention, but increasing ethanol level raised Se in liver and whole blood in a linear fashion and in kidney in a quadratic manner. In this rat model measures of Se status were reduced by low Se intake, not chronic moderate ethanol ingestion.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential effects of three enteral dietary regimens on selected outcome variables in burn patients.

A modular tube feeding recipe (MTF) was designed to meet the unique nutritional needs of burn patients, applying principles previously documented in our burned guinea pig model. MTF, a high-protein, low-fat, linoleic acid-restricted formulation is enriched with omega-3 fatty acids, arginine, cysteine, histidine, vitamin A, zinc, and ascorbic acid. Fifty patients, 3 to 76 years of age with burns ranging from 10 to 89% total body surface area were prospectively randomized into three groups which blindly compared MTF to two enteral regimens widely utilized in the nutritional support of burns. Age, percent total and third-degree burn, resting energy expenditure, and calorie and protein intake were similar in all groups. Data analysis demonstrated significant superiority of MTF in the reduction of wound infection (p less than 0.03) and length of stay/percent burn (p less than 0.02). MTF was also associated with a decreased incidence of diarrhea, improved glucose tolerance, lower serum triglycerides, reduced total number of infectious episodes and trends toward improved preservation of muscle mass, although statistical significance was not achieved. Seventy percent of deaths occurred in the group supported with an inherently large dose of fat and linoleic acid. Combining these observations, it is believed that MTF is effective in modulating an improved response to burn injury.

Adolescent↗