Biomedical subjects

J Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Taguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Human herpesvirus-6-associated exanthema in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

SUMMARY: We report the first case of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) associated exanthema in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL). We analysed DNA extracted from an exanthematous lesion using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA was positive for HHV-6 but negative for herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus. Immunohistochemical staining of the skin with monoclonal antibody against (HHV-6 confirmed the infection. The possibility of HHV-6 infection should be considered when an atypical skin rash is seen in patients with ALL.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Prolonged transient ischemia results in impaired CBF recovery and secondary glutamate accumulation in cats.

Effects of prolonged focal ischemia [middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)] of 1, 2, and 4 h followed by 15-h reperfusion on CBF, extracellular amino acids, purine catabolites, evoked potentials, and infarction were studied in core (A:auditory cortex) and border zone (SF: somatosensory cortex) areas of halothane-anesthetized cats. Following MCAO, CBF reduction was severe in A (<15 ml 100 g-1 min-1) and mild to moderate in SF. Prominent elevation of glutamate and abolition of evoked potentials in A contrasted with milder and more variable disturbances in SF. After reperfusion, recovery of CBF, glutamate, and evoked potentials was fast and persistent in the 1- and 2-h groups. In the 4-h group, immediate recovery of CBF, glutamate, and evoked potentials was incomplete, and secondary deterioration of all parameters was obtained at the end of the experiments. Infarction in the 4-h group was significantly larger than in the 1- and 2-h groups. Persistent recovery of extracellular glutamate concentration and electrical function and salvage of neuronal tissue from infarction therefore seem to depend on successful restoration of CBF, which in turn depends on the magnitude and the duration of CBF reduction and of exposure to potentially harmful substances such as glutamate during the ischemic attack.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1996

A clinicopathological study on combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma.

We clinicopathologically studied 23 surgically resected cases of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC). The frequency of this cancer in our subjects, who had primary liver cancer and who underwent hepatectomy, was 6.3%. The mean age of patients was 64.0 years old and the male: female ratio was 1.9:1. Serum alpha-fetoprotein was positive in 70% of cases and its levels were relatively low (< or = 1000 ng/mL) in most cases. The positive rate of serum carcinoembryonic antigen was 18% and its levels were also low. In regard to hepatitis virus markers, 17% of the 20 combined HCC-CC cases were positive to HBs antigen and 70% were positive to the HCV antibody. Of the 23 combined HCC-CC cases, 9 cases (39%) were associated with liver cirrhosis. Tumours were classified macroscopically into a separated type (HCC and CC are clearly separated 17%), a HCC-predominant type (resembles HCC 49%), and a CC-predominant type (resembles CC 34%). The separated and HCC-predominant types were associated with liver cirrhosis in 50 and 55% of cases, respectively. These cases with liver cirrhosis presented the features of HCC more apparently, while those without liver cirrhosis presented the features of CC. Histologically, all cases were classified into either Type I (HCC and CC were clearly distinguished; 17%), Type II (HCC and CC were contiguous and shared transitional features; 66%), and Type III (cancer cells were able to be evaluated as either HCC or CC and were considered to be an intermediate type; 17%). Immunohistological stains for cytokeratin were useful to distinguish HCC and CC. Specifically, CC was positive to cytokeratin 7 and 19. The tumour, in which HCC and CC were almost indistinguishable, such as Type III), indicates the presence of intermediate tumour cells that can differentiate either to HCC or CC.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Craniospinal arachnoid cyst: case report.

We encountered a rare case of craniospinal arachnoid cyst. A 54-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic for headache, posterior nuchal pain, and vomiting, which had started one month before. On admission she was drowsy, and neurological examination revealed papilledema and prompt deep tendon reflexes bilaterally. T1 weighted images of MRI revealed a homogeneous, round, low density mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere which extended down on the dorsal side of the spinal cord to the level of C2. It was high intensity on T2 weighted images and was not enhanced by Gd-DTPA. The fourth ventricle was compressed and obstructed and hydrocephalus was observed. An operation was performed via a left suboccipital craniectomy with C1 laminectomy. A large cyst was located in the left cerebellar hemisphere, and it extended into the spinal canal down to the C2 level where the cyst compressed the spinal cord right-anteriorly. The content of the cyst was xanthochromic fluid. After the removal of as much of the cyst as possible, the flattened tonsil was seen just dorsal to the medulla. The cyst extended into the cerebellar hemisphere via the widened fissura secunda. The arachnoid of the cisterna magna was incised and communication between the cisterna magna and the cyst was made. The cyst was markedly reduced on the following day, and disappeared on the 50th postoperative day. The patient was discharged without neurological deficit. Pathological diagnosis of the cyst wall in the cerebellum was that the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex was covered by arachnoid membrane, which indicated arachnoid cyst. Five such cases have been reported apart from this one. The therapy is the extirpation of the cyst wall and making communication between the arachnoid cyst and the subarachnoid space. The etiology of craniospinal arachnoid cyst is not well known but postoperative prognosis is good.

Arachnoid Cysts↗

PubMed1996

[Ganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].

We evaluated the efficacy of ganciclovir to prevent the development of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis (CMV-IP) in patients with bone marrow transplants. Of 35 patients enrolled in this study, 33 were seropositive for CMV or had seropositive donors, and two were seronegative before transplant but were positive for CMV examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on days 30-37. Ganciclovir was given at a dose of 250 mg/body daily from day 30-37 to day 70. Blood, throat swabs, urine and bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid (BALF) were screened for CMV by PCR on days 30-37, 70 and 100. CVM-IP developed in two of 35 patients (5.7%) who received ganciclovir for prophylaxis, as compared with six of 39 historical controls who did not receive ganciclovir. A significant reduction of CMV detection by PCR in blood, throat swabs, and BALF was observed after administration of ganciclovir, on day 70. The incidence of neutropenia, thrombopenia and renal impairment in the study period showed no difference between the study group and the historical control. Early prophylactic use of ganciclovir appears to reduce the risk of CMV disease in allogeneic transplant recipients with positive serology or positive CMV-PCR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Hypoplastic mixed lineage leukemia successfully treated with low-dose cytosine arabinoside].

A 54-year-old male was admitted because of dyspnea on exercise. His peripheral blood revealed pancytopenia with severely hypoplastic bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration showed a marked hypocellular marrow with 62.4% of blast cells. Cytochemical studies showed that peroxidase activity, alpha-nephtyl buthylate esterase activity and PAS reaction were negative, and that only ASD-chroloacetate esterase activity was positive. Surface marker analysis of blast cells showed positive result for CD5, 7, 33 and 34 antigens. The T-cell receptor beta gene was rearranged, but the immunoglobulin H chain gene showed a germ line configuration. Terminal Deoxynucleotydyl Transferase (TdT) was positive, but cellular surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin were not recognized. A diagnosis of hypoplastic mixed lineage leukemia was made and treated with low dose cytosine arabinoside, he resulted in complete remission. The relation between hypoplastic leukemia, AML-M0 and mixed lineage leukemia was also discussed.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗

PubMed1996

[A case of intracerebral tuberculoma resistant to therapy].

A 48-year-old woman complained of fever, headache and nausea in October, 1994. Because polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis in her cerebrospinal fluid, she was administered anti-tuberculous drugs. Steroid hormone was also administered for her symptoms of intracranial hypertension. However, multiple intracerebral masses appeared on CT and MRI 2 months later, and have increased in number and size. Cessation of the steroid hormone was impossible as her intracranial hypertension had been deteriorated. She was transferred to our clinic on October 23, 1995. On neurological examination she was drowsy and showed papilledema, weakness of bilateral lower extremities, left cerebellar sign, and bilateral Babinski's reflexes. Enhanced CT and MRI revealed multi-locular lesions in the right fronto-temporal, left temporal and left cerebellar regions. On November 7, 1995 she was operated on. Right fronto-temporal and left cerebellar masses were partially removed. Pathological examination and PCR of the surgical specimens demonstrated tuberculoma. Postoperatively, her consciousness disturbance improved and the residual tuberculomas decreased in size under the influence of anti-tuberculous drugs and cessation of the use of steroid hormone. Recently, tuberculosis is common neither in Japan nor in Western countries. Intracerebral tuberculoma is also very rare. The tuberculosis in our patient with multiple intracerebral tuberculomas resistant to antituberculous drugs was thought to have been induced by decreased resistance to the infection due to the administration of the steroid hormone.

Brain Diseases↗

PubMed1996

[Low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: intensive combined chemotherapy].

The efficacy of various combination chemotherapies employed for the 37 patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma between 1981 and 1994 was evaluated retrospectively. The overall survival at 5 years was 68%. The 5-year survival of the 27 patients achieving complete response (CR) was 87%, which was significantly higher than that of 9 patients with partial response (p = 0.0005). The CR rate of stage III and IV patients was 64% for the 22 patients treated with ACOMP-B (D), and was 38% for 8 others treated with milder chemotherapy regimens including VEPA. The 22 advanced stage patients had a 5-year survival of 88% after the treatment with ACOMP-B (D) and 69% of them remained free of disease at 5 years. In this group no relapse occurred beyond 1.6 years after treatment. These findings suggest a possible role of third generation chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced-stage low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Halothane, but not alpha-chloralose, blocks potassium-evoked cortical spreading depression in cats.

The effects of two anesthetics, halothane and alpha-chloralose, on induction of spreading depression and on extracellular glutamate elevation after intracortical potassium administration were investigated in artificially ventilated (30% oxygen/70% nitrous oxide) cats. High potassium concentrations were achieved using either direct KCl injections (7 microliters, 150 mM via a micropipette) or microdialysis by supplementing 100, 300 or 500 mM KCl, respectively, for 10 min to the perfusion solution (Ringer's). Changes of the cortical DC potential were recorded adjacent (1-2 mm: electrode DC1) and distant (6-7 mm: electrode DC2) to the injection site. Either under halothane (0.75% in the respiratory gas mixture) or under alpha-chloralose (60 mg/kg i.v.) anesthesia, prolonged negative shifts of the DC potential reflecting the elevated potassium levels after KCl injection were measured near the injection site (electrode DC1). In contrast, spreading depressions (transient short DC deflections) were almost exclusively observed under alpha-chloralose. Spreading depressions recorded with electrode DC1 were superimposed on the prolonged negative DC shifts and they propagated frequently to the more distant site (DC2). Upon KCl administration, dose dependent elevations of extracellular glutamate were measured. These elevations were not significantly altered by the type of anesthesia. Our results suggest that in cats, spreading depression induction is affected by anesthesia, i.e., spreading depression induction is inhibited by halothane as compared to alpha-chloralose. Furthermore, factors other than glutamate or high potassium seem to contribute to spreading depression induction.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Combined choriocarcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma in the oesophagus.

We describe an oesophageal tumour composed of choriocarcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma. The choriocarcinomatous areas and hepatoid adenocarcinomatous areas contained beta human chorionic gonadotropin-positive cells and alpha fetoprotein-positive cells, respectively. The small cell carcinomatous areas contained cells positive for serotonin or adrenocorticotrophic hormone, while the tubular adenocarcinomatous areas contained cells positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. Non-neoplastic gastric type columnar epithelium was found directly adjoing the tumour at the oral side. This tumour, with its unprecedented histology combination of tissues may have originated in Barrett's oesophagus, although we could not confirm a history of chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1995

Inhibitory effect of a single local probucol administration on neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid artery.

The aim of this study was to determine whether a single local probucol administration could suppress neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid artery. Rats were divided into four groups; (i) rats receiving no probucol (control group); (ii) rats receiving topical application of 50 mg probucol at the time of ballooning (p-top group); (iii) rats fed chow containing 1% probucol (p-fed group; (iv) rats receiving both topical application of 50 mg probucol and chow containing 1% probucol (p-top/fed group). Although serum total cholesterol levels did not significantly differ between the control and the p-top groups at two weeks after balloon injury, the p-top group had a smaller intimal/medial ratio or intimal area than the control group (0.97 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.53 +/- 0.08 or 0.15 +/- 0.02 mm2 vs. 0.08 +/- 0.02 mm2 respectively, P < 0.01). Neointimal formation was suppressed to a similar extent in the p-fed group, in which serum total cholesterol level was approximately 40% lower than that in the control group. Thus, a single local delivery of probucol can suppress neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid artery without altering serum lipid level.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1995

[A case of pituitary abscess caused by infection of Rathke's cleft cyst].

Pituitary abscess is relatively rare. Only about 80 cases have been reported. Preexisting lesions in pituitary fossa, such as pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma and Rathke's cleft cyst, are inclined to be complicated by infection more than the normal pituitary glands are. We reported a case of pituitary abscess caused by infection of Rathke's cleft cyst. A 67-year-old male had general fatigue and loss of appetite 4 months before admission. On admission he was found to have diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and hypernatremia. These defects were controlled by medication but he gradually became comatose and febrile. CT and MRI revealed an intrasellar lesion with ring enhancement. Lumbar puncture demonstrated an increase of mononuclear cells and protein. Blood chemistry revealed a marked increase of CRP. He was operated on via the transsphenoidal approach, which revealed sphenoid sinusitis and abscess formation in the pituitary gland. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed infection of Rathke's cleft cyst but the fluid in the cyst was sterile. By the drainage of the cyst and the use of antibiotics the patient became alert and signs of infection disappeared. He was discharged with a slight hypopituitarism and returned to normal life. Mortality rate of pituitary abscess is decreasing but is still high because of hypopituitarism and severe infection. Accurate diagnosis and operation are necessary. Transsphenoidal surgery is preferable for postoperative drainage of the abscess.

Abscess↗

PubMed1995

[Autopsy cases of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis following bone marrow transplantation].

We investigated the relevance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to interstitial pneumonitis (IP) using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lung tissues obtained from 12 autopsy cases who died following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from May 1985 to March in 1992. The lung tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H.E.) staining, immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies (DDG9, CCH2) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplifying human CMV DNA. Eight of 12 cases were clinically diagnosed as IP. The 4 cases showed no signs of IP, and their tissues were used as controls. H.E. staining revealed inclusion bodies in two of the eight and only severe fibrosis in the other six. In 4 of the 6 cases, however, CMV was identified by immunohistochemistry or PCR. We concluded that the relevance of CMV in the genesis of IP is often overlooked by H.E. staining alone. Immunohistochemistry and PCR are useful in examining tissues which are suspected of CMV-IP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[A case of intracranial malignant meningioma with extraneural metastases].

A case of intracranial malignant meningioma with remote metastases to the bones is reported. A 66-year-old man with regrowth of right sphenoid ridge meningioma, whose meningioma had partially been removed 15 years before, was admitted to our clinic. The tumor was large enough to protrude into the lateral and third ventricles, and involved the right internal carotid, middle cerebral, anterior cerebral artery and optic nerve. The tumor had irregular contour, and was heterogeneously enhanced by Gd-DTPA on MRI. An operation was performed, but a part of the tumor around these main arteries could not be removed. Histopathological examination revealed anaplastic meningioma, resulting from malignant change. Radiotherapy was performed postoperatively and the patient was discharged. Seven months after the operation he complained of posterior nuchal, back, and lumbar pain. Radiological examination revealed multiple punched-out lesions in the ribs and vertebrae, which were histologically demonstrated to be metastases of intracranial anaplastic meningioma. Radiotherapy was carried out for the cervical vertebrae, but his symptoms persisted. He died of pneumonia 10 months after the operation.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Successful pregnancy after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation following conditioning with total body irradiation.

A 23-year-old woman had a normal full-term delivery 78 months after BMT for ALL. Conditioning therapy was Ara C 1.4 g/m2 x 4, CY 60 mg/kg x 2 and TBI 2.5 Gy x 5 at a dose rate of 3.5 cGy/min. Despite GVHD prophylaxis with short-term MTX and CsA, she developed grade I acute GVHD, but showed no evidence of chronic GVHD. Following amenorrhea for 4 years, menstruation recommenced spontaneously. She had a normal pregnancy 6 years after BMT resulting in a healthy infant with simple hypospadias. This and previous reports indicate that normal pregnancy is possible after BMT with TBI in excess of 10 Gy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

[Hypoplastic leukemia achieved long-term remission with low-dose cytosine arabinoside].

A 74-year-old woman was admitted in October 1988 with anemia and leukocytopenia. Hematologic investigations established a diagnosis of hypoplastic acute leukemia. She received a low dose of cytosine arabinoside (LDAC: 10 mg/m2 every 12 hours) subcutaneously for 21 days and achieved complete remission (CR) one month later. After one course of LDAC of 14 days, she received LDAC of 21 days every 5 to 6 months as maintenance therapy till April 1993. She has been in remission for 6 years. Intensification therapy with LDAC every 5 to 6 months might be useful in maintaining remission for hypoplastic acute leukemia.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Treatment for elderly patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia].

A retrospective analysis was performed on forty nine elderly (34 males and 15 females) patients aged 65 years or more (median age 73, range 65-82) with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Patients were studied to examine factors according to age group (65-69 years, 70-74, 75-79 and 80 or over), respectively. Patients were treated with either low dose Ara-C therapy or BHAC-DMP therapy according of the choice of their attending physicians. Complete remission (CR) was obtained in 20 of 49 patients (43%), and in 6 of 14 patients (43%) aged 65-69, in 8 of 18 (44%) aged 70-74, in 5 of 12 (42%) aged 75-79 years and in 1 of 3 (33%) aged 80 or over, respectively. The median survivals of these groups were 263, 298, 260, 168.5 and 38.5 days, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the achievement of CR was associated with normal karyotype, and serum GOT level < or = 30 mu/ml and GPT < or = 40 mu/ml. Prolonged survival was related to the achievement of CR. The results indicated that liver function before chemotherapy was an important prognostic factor.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1995

[Therapy related leukemia].

Eleven therapy related leukemias (TRL) who were hospitalized in the Department of Hematology and Chemotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center between October 1983 and December 1993 were identified. Six of the patients were males and five were females. Their median age was 62 years (range from 14 to 75). Three patients had previously received treatment for breast cancer and two patients for malignant lymphoma. The other patients had received treatment for lung cancer, urinary bladder cancer, gastric cancer, brain tumor, maxillary sinus cancer and macroglobulinemia, respectively. Seven patients had been treated with chemotherapy and four patients had been treated with chemotherapy and irradiation for the primary tumor. The TRL cases consisted of 8 acute non-lymphoid leukemias, two acute lymphoid leukemias and one hypoplastic leukemia, respectively. The status of primary tumors at the development of TRL was complete remission in ten patients and partial remission in one patient. Three of the 10 patients who received anti-leukemic therapy entered complete remission and the median survival time was 36 days (from 7 days to 489 days). One patient expired of pneumonia before he received anti-leukemic therapy. TRL patients showed poor response to chemotherapy and had poor prognosis. These data suggest that the use of reduced doses of carcinogenic drugs for primary tumors might be required to prevent the development of TRL.

Adolescent↗