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Biomedical subjects

J Tamalet

Publications and source records attributed to J Tamalet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Rapid diagnosis of cytomegalovirus by indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibody F6b in a commercially available kit.

Anti-human cytomegalovirus (CMV) monoclonal antibody (MAb) F6b produced by clone 95/12 was used for the rapid diagnosis (16 to 24 h) of CMV isolates in 308 clinical specimens and compared with classic isolation. MAb F6b gave 100% correlation with isolation. When this MAb was used for direct diagnosis with 212 urine and bronchoalveolar specimens, detection of CMV varied from 50 to 75% compared with viral isolation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

In vitro evaluation of josamycin, spiramycin, and erythromycin against Rickettsia rickettsii and R. conorii.

The antimicrobial activities of josamycin, erythromycin, and spiramycin against Rickettsia conorii and R. rickettsii were evaluated in two tests: a dye-uptake assay and a plaque assay. The MIC of josamycin was 1 microgram/ml for both species; the MICs of erythromycin and spiramycin were 4 to 8 and 16 to 32 micrograms/ml, respectively, for both species. Only josamycin may be of clinical use in treating spotted fever rickettsiosis. It may be useful in treating pregnant women and young children.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Susceptibility of Rickettsia conorii and R. rickettsii to pefloxacin, in vitro and in ovo.

The activity of pefloxacin against Rickettsia conorii and R. rickettsii was determined by several methods. The mean survival time of embryonated eggs infected with R. conorii was increased by pefloxacin 50 micrograms/egg; plaque formation in Vero cells was inhibited by 1 mg/l. In a microplate assay, the MIC of pefloxacin was 0.5 mg/l for R. conorii and 1 mg/l for R. rickettsii. The results support the use of pefloxacin in treating spotted fever rickettsioses.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Role of phagocytes in experimental scrapie in hamsters].

We studied the interactions between scrapie agent and hamster's phagocytic cells. Macrophages which have been in contact with the scrapie agent are able to carry the infectivity of this agent. We induced variations of different parameters involved on fixation and phagocytosis and we did not observe any modification. A depletion of phagocytic cells induced in hamster at the entry of scrapie increase the incubation time of the illness. Furthermore phagocytic cells cocultured with glial cells seem to be able to transfer infectivity to glial cells. So scrapie agent and hamster's reticulo-endothelial system probably interact at three levels: first at the entry, then during haematogenous diffusion of scrapie agent and finally nearly the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro susceptibility of Rickettsia conorii to ciprofloxacin as determined by suppressing lethality in chicken embryos and by plaque assay.

We tested the susceptibility of Rickettsia conorii to ciprofloxacin, a new quinolone antibiotic. A final concentration of 1 microgram/g of egg was effective in suppressing chicken embryo lethality, and a concentration of 0.25 micrograms/ml inhibited plaque formation in a plaque assay; however, a concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml was necessary to obtain rickettsiacidal activity. These results support the idea that ciprofloxacin could be of clinical use in treating Mediterranean spotted fever.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis].

Cervicitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis is common in certain groups of women examined by the authors. It is clinically discrete, having no special characteristics and often not even showing clinical manifestations. However, it is the stage of infection of the genital apparatus which it is desirable to detect in order to prevent the serious tubal complications to which a too large number of young women is subject. Clinical medicine permits diagnosis and prescribes treatment for patients and, if possible, their partners. The principal difficulty is to know when to invoke them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Comparison of exogenous cell fusion induced by a wild and two mutant strains of sheep Visna virus].

Exogen cell fusion induced in vitro by a wild strain of Visna virus of Sheep is compared with two mutant strains isolated from the precedent. One of them produces large plaques in vitro (strain LPF), and the other produces small plaques (strain SPF). These strains behave in different ways according to infection multiplicity, type of cells, temperature and timing of fusing activity. Taking the wild strain K 796 as a base of reference, the strain SPF seems to have a higher rate fusing activity and the strain LPF lower rate of fusing activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Characterization of visna virus mRNA.

Visna virus is a retrovirus responsible for a classical slow infection of the central nervous system of sheep. In the present work we focused our attention on the viral mRNA's. We found that, during the acute infection in vitro, (i) viral mRNA's amount to only 0.1% of the total cytoplasmic RNA, (ii) 20% of the total cytoplasmic viral RNA is found in polyribosomes, and (iii) three viral mRNA's can be identified by sucrose gradient sedimentation or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Their sedimentation coefficients are 36S, 27S, and 21S.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Modification of a method to study cell fusion induced in vitro by viruses].

A studying method of viruses induced cell-fusion is described, using monolayers of Vero monkey cells. Nature and density of cells and infection multiplicity are studied. The sensibility is equal to 4 hemagglutining units of Sendaï and accuracy about +/- 3 % of polykaryocytosis. Quantification. comparison and kinetics study of cell-fusion are allowed by this method which may lead to systematic and routine exploration of cell-fusion ability of biological extracts from slow degenerative diseases of the human central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Experimental kuru in the rhesus monkey: a study of EEG modifications in the waking state and during sleep.

EEG patterns recorded in the waking state and during sleep were studied in 6 rhesus monkeys inoculated with a strain of Kuru previously passaged in rhesus monkey (ENAGE strain, rhesus L6 56). The onset of the disease was confirmed by the appearance of various clinical signs in 4 monkeys 15 months after inoculation. At the 16th month, the first EEG modifications appeared during sleep, which became lighter. The waking EEG was abnormal during the mature phase of the disease; it was characterized by slow anomalies and scattered spikes. The sleep EEG still presented 3 stages of Slow Wave Sleep which, however, were totally unlike the physiological stages. REM sleep rapidly disappeared, as did the cyclic organization pattern. Irritative phenomena became very significant and, in particular, very frequent 'tonic seizures' were observed. Experimental Kuru thus appears, in the rhesus monkey, as an epileptogenic encephalopathy, which is differentiated from both the human disease and the experimental disease in the chimpanzee.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Appearance of EEG changes reminiscent of a secondary generalized epilepsy in a rhesus monkey inoculated with a strain of kuru.

In a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) inoculated intracerebrally and intravenously with a strain (Enage strain rhesus L6 56) of kuru already passaged in rhesus monkeys, 1 monkey presented the typical EEG pattern of epileptogenic encephalopathy reminiscent of the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. This observation provides no direct evidence for the viral origin of epilepsies of this type. It does, however, show that it is possible to induce an epileptogenic encephalopathy by an unconventional infectious agent.

Animals↗