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Biomedical subjects

J Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to J Tanaka.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the malignancy in gallbladder cancer assessed by nuclear DNA contents and mitotic indices--with special reference to the prognosis of the patients with cancer involvement to the subserosal layer].

Nuclear DNA contents and mitotic indices were analyzed in 31 resected specimens of gallbladder cancer to clarify the correlation between malignancy and prognosis of gallbladder cancer. Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA contents showed that 11 specimens (36%) were diploidy and 20 specimens (64%) were aneuploidy. Histologic types were not associated with nuclear DNA contents except the specimens of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma those were all aneuploidy. Mitotic indices of aneuploid cases were higher than those of diploid cases even on the cases with same histologic type or same depth of invasion. Therefore there was a significant correlation between nuclear DNA contents and mitotic indices. The patients, who had tumor of diploidy or lower mitotic indices, survived significantly longer than those with aneuploidy or higher mitotic indices. In the cases with cancer involvement to subserosal layer of the gallbladder, five year survival rate of diploid cases was 100%, while that of aneuploid cases was 34%. In aneuploid cases, the prognosis of the patients with DNA heterogeneity was good as well as diploid cases. These results suggest that nuclear DNA contents and mitotic indices are considered to be valuable parameters of malignancy of gallbladder cancer and to be prognostic factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[An operative case of solitary interruption of the aortic arch in adult].

A 43-year-old lady was hospitalized due to easy fatiguability in the legs during exercise, and for evaluation of an abnormal shadow in the chest X-ray, and hypertension. Her blood pressure was 200/80 mmHg in the right arm, 140/70 mmHg in the left, and 110/70 mmHg in both lower extremities. Systolic vascular bruit radiating to her neck and back was audible in the Erb's area. DSA and aortogram disclosed extremely dilated vessels around the origin of the left common carotid artery. The left subclavian artery was opacified retrogradely as a subclavian blood steal via the left vertebral artery, and mild stenosis was seen at its origin. There was no evidence of associated congenital anomaly such as VSD, PDA, or ASD. The final diagnosis, solitary interruption of the aortic arch (S-IAA, type B), was made by MRI. The patient had an extra-anatomical bypass operation by using Cooley woven dacron graft from the ascending to the abdominal aorta. The result was good. S-IAA is a very rare congenital anomaly. As far as we know, only 21 patients with S-IAA including this case have been reported. A physician should be aware that a patient with S-IAA tends to have a difference of blood pressure not only between the upper and lower extremities but also between both arms, and pressure in the right arm is usually higher than that in the left. These are good signs to suspect S-IAA. And they also can be helpful to differentiate S-IAA from coarctation of the aorta.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1990

Structural studies of rat cathepsin E: amino-terminal structure and carbohydrate units of mature enzyme.

The amino-terminal structure of rat gastric cathepsin E was identified and compared with the corresponding regions of human procathepsin E and other aspartic proteinases. The alignment revealed that cathepsin E has the most extended amino-terminal structure in aspartic proteinases, thus suggesting that the activation peptide (propeptide) of the human enzyme is 39-residues long. Analysis of oligosaccharide units suggested that rat cathepsin E possesses one N-linked carbohydrate unit, probably of the high mannose type. No evidence was obtained for the presence of O-linked sugars in rat cathepsin E.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Cloning and sequence analysis of the arginine deiminase gene from Mycoplasma arginini.

Arginine deiminase from Mycoplasma arginini was purified. The purified enzyme has a molecular weight of 46,000 daltons as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Its specific activity (20 units/mg protein) and amino acid composition showed a strong similarity to that of the Mycoplasma arthritidis arginine deiminase. The amino acid sequences of the N-terminal region and three internal peptides generated by enzymatic cleavage of the purified protein were determined. Using a synthetic oligonucleotide mixture complementary to part of the determined N-terminal amino acid sequence, the gene coding for arginine deiminase was isolated from a phage library. A nucleotide sequence of 2189 bp encoding the gene was determined. An open reading frame (ORF) contained the amino acid sequences corresponding to the determined N-terminal region and the three internal peptides of arginine deiminase. Thus it was concluded that this ORF encoded the arginine deiminase, a 385 amino acid polypeptide (mol.wt. 43,900 daltons). The three tryptophan residues in the sequenced peptides align with UGA codons in the nucleotide sequence, indicating that the nonsense codon UGA is used as a tryptophan codon in M. arginini.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Germinoma originating in the basal ganglia. Report of a case showing unusual appearance on MRI.

A case of germinoma originating in the basal ganglia is presented. Preoperative MRI showed an area of a reticulated core of mixed signal intensity with a surrounding rim of low signal intensity in the right basal ganglia on T2-weighted image. This finding was reported to be characteristic of cavernous angioma, but the tumor was histopathologically identified to be a germinoma with old hemorrhage. The pitfall of MRI in diagnosing brain tumors is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study of cell saver and ultrafiltration nontransfusion in cardiac surgery.

Hemoconcentration for the establishment of no-donor blood transfusion in open heart surgery was assessed in regard to both the saving of protein and platelets and the exclusion of free hemoglobin. Two different types of hemoconcentrator were compared: the ultrafilter (group I, 6 patients) and the Cell Saver (group II, 6 patients). The total serum protein level, expressed as the percent recovery of the preoperative value, after hemoconcentration was significantly higher in group I (group I versus group II: total serum protein, 118% versus 87% [p less than 0.05]; fibrinogen, 77% versus 50% [p less than 0.01]; immunoglobulin, 83% versus 60% [p less than 0.01]). The platelets also seemed to be well preserved after hemoconcentration in group I. Although the exclusion of free hemoglobin from plasma was inferior in group I compared with group II, the postoperative plasma free hemoglobin level did not increase in group I. We conclude that use of the Cell Saver in nontransfusion cardiopulmonary bypass might cause a severe depletion of various proteins and that the ultrafilter is both safer and more useful if employed routinely.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Subcutaneous release of trigger thumb and fingers in 210 fingers.

Subcutaneous release of the tendon sheath has been performed in 210 trigger digits of 172 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 58 months, with an average of 24 months. Based on our points system, the overall results were as follows: excellent 64.3%, good 9.5% fair 8.1%, poor 18.1%. There were no infections, no injuries of nerves or vessels and no functional insufficiency. This subcutaneous procedure can be easily, quickly and safely performed by careful hand surgeons in the out-patient clinic.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Serine protease-induced enhancement of blood-borne metastasis of rat ascites tumour cells and its prevention with deoxyribonuclease.

Serine proteases, such as alpha-chymotrypsin or elastase, caused an aggregation of rat ascites tumour cell lines, AH-130, AH-109A and YS, in a protein free medium which preserved the cell viability. This aggregation, which was monitored spectrophotometrically, was dependent upon the protease activities and was resistant to treatment with either a calcium chelating reagent (EDTA) or neuraminidase. However, the tumour cell aggregates were redispersed by treatment with deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I). This dispersal effect was dependent upon the DNase activity. A possible relationship between the tumour cell aggregation and development of blood-borne metastasis was studied. An intravenous inoculation in rats of tumour cell aggregates performed by the alpha-chymotrypsin treatment resulted in significantly higher numbers of lung metastatic foci than an injection of single cells. When the re-separated single cells, prepared in vitro by treatment with DNase I following alpha-chymotrypsin treatment, were injected instead of the aggregates, the enhancement of metastasis was reversed. These enhancement and reversal effects were mimicked in vivo by intravenous injections of protease and nuclease following inoculation of a single cell suspension. That is, the number of metastatic foci caused by single cell inoculation followed by an intravenous alpha-chymotrypsin injection, was higher than that in a control group receiving PBS instead of alpha-chymotrypsin. Again, this augmentation was reversed by an injection of DNase I following alpha-chymotrypsin injection. Furthermore, an injection of DNase I alone itself reduced the starting number of metastases resulting from injection of the single tumour cell suspension. These data suggest that the metastatic behaviour of tumour cells may be increased by protease inducible DNA dependent cell aggregation should it occur in the blood stream.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Changes in cerebral white matter in a case of congenital muscular dystrophy (non-Fukuyama type).

A 3-year-old Japanese boy with congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) and normal intelligence is presented. He had not learned to crawl, shuffled on his bottom, and could not walk. At 7 months, his CT-scan had showed periventricular low density and mild ventricular dilatation, and spike or sharp wave discharges were seen on EEG. At three years of age, his CT-scan revealed wide-spread hypodensity in the cerebral white matter, EEG showed multifocal discharges, and MRI showed abnormal high density area in the cerebrum on spin echo image. These findings suggest the existence of an intermediate form of CMD between the Fukuyama type of CMD and the classical occidental type of CMD. The combination of repeated CT and MRI scans seems necessary for the evaluation of CNS abnormalities in CMD.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Application of a ribosomal DNA integration vector in the construction of a brewer's yeast having alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase activity.

An integration plasmid, pIARL28, containing the ribosomal DNA gene as a homologous recombination sequence was constructed for introduction of the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase gene into brewer's yeast. The transformation efficiency of pIARL28 was 20- to 50-fold higher than those of the other YIp vectors, as yeast cells had approximately 140 copies of the ribosomal DNA gene. All transformants showed very high alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase activity due to the multiple integrated copies of the plasmid. The transformants were grown in nonselective conditions, and segregants which had maintained the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase expression cassette but no other vector sequences were isolated. Southern analysis showed that these marker-excised segregants contained more than 20 copies of the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase gene and were stably maintained under nonselective conditions. Fermentation tests confirmed that the diacetyl concentration was considerably reduced in wort fermented by these marker-excised segregants. The degree of reduction was related to the copy number of the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase gene.

Carboxy-Lyases↗
PubMed1990

Concatameric replication of Epstein-Barr virus: structure of the termini in virus-producer and newly transformed cell lines.

The linear form of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA has homologous direct tandem repeats of approximately 500 bp at each terminus (TR). After infection, EBV DNA circularizes via the TR to form the intracellular episomal DNA. To analyze the mechanism of the synthesis of linear DNA through possible replicative intermediates, the terminal fragments were identified in the total intracellular DNA and the covalently closed circular DNA from a productively infected cell line after induction of replication or after treatment with an inhibitor of viral DNA synthesis. These studies indicate that some of the fused terminal fragments detected in the total intracellular DNA are replication-dependent forms which are selectively excluded from the covalently closed circular fraction and are eliminated after treatment with acyclovir. The EBV terminal restriction enzyme fragments were identified in three producer cell lines, each with a characteristic number of TR in the intracellular episomal DNA. Identification of the termini in cell lines established with the three virus strains revealed that the newly transformed cell lines had a greater number of TR than did the template DNA in the producer cell line. The increase in the number of TR in progeny episomes indicates that linear DNA is produced from concatameric replicative intermediates rather than from amplified catenated circular intermediates.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1990

Auditory brain stem response and electrically elicited blink reflex in handicapped children.

The auditory brain stem response and the blink reflex were studied in 35 handicapped children in order to evaluate brain stem function. The auditory brain stem response and the blink reflex were abnormal in 20 and 16 cases, respectively. Of these, 14 had both auditory brain stem response and blink reflex abnormalities. The prevalence of auditory brain stem response and blink reflex abnormalities was high in severely handicapped children with difficulty in chewing or swallowing. The blink reflex was abnormal in four of 32 sides with a normal auditory brain stem response and 15 of 23 sides with an abnormal auditory brain stem response threshold, which reflects hearing loss or brain stem dysfunction. We conclude that the combined application of these two noninvasive tests is useful not only to delineate the extent of brain stem lesions but also to determine whether or not patients with an abnormal auditory brain stem response threshold have brain stem dysfunction.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

Marine natural products. XXIII. Three new cytotoxic dimeric macrolides, swinholides B and C and isoswinholide A, congeners of swinholide A, from the Okinawan marine sponge Theonella swinhoei.

Following the characterization of swinholide A (1), the major cytotoxic dimeric macrolide, three new congeneric dimeric macrolides, named swinholide B (2), swinholide C (3) and isoswinholide A (10), have been isolated from the Okinawan marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. The structures of these dimeric macrolides have been elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. These dimeric macrolides were shown to exhibit potent cytotoxicities toward KB cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence and clinical significance of the esophageal branches originating from the bronchial artery].

The authors investigated the incidence and extent of angiographic visualization of the esophageal branches originating from the bronchial arteries. Approximately 20% of 371 patients showed considerable blood flow to the esophagus. The left bronchial artery more often gives rise to the esophageal branches. Esophageal complications have been experienced in 8 cases following bronchial artery infusion of Mitomycin C for pulmonary carcinoma. Complications tend to occur in cases showing marked opacification of the esophageal veins or in those which a lesion locates in the peripheral portion of the lung. It is imperative to pay attention to esophageal branches of the bronchial artery in interventional angiography.

Bronchial Arteries↗