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Biomedical subjects

J Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to J Tanaka.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Fournier's gangrene: a case report].

Since necrotizing fasciitis of the genitalia was first described by Fournier in 1883, approximately 400 cases have been reported. It has been seldom reported in Japan. Because its mortality rate is still high, the importance of early diagnosis and the subsequent vigorous treatment has been emphasized. A 73-year-old man who had poor controlled diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital with painful swelling of scrotum. Chemotherapy using broad spectrum antibiotics and debridement of scrotal skin was performed combined with insulin therapy. As culture of pus and excised tissue from the gangrenous patches yielded the growth of candida, we used 8 g/day of 5-fluorocytosine. Because the gangrene was not healed, we performed bilateral orchiectomy. After the operation, the gangrene was healed and the wound was closed. Diabetes mellitus was controlled well and his general condition was improved.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Studies on the management of pregnant women having high hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer of rubella virus in the first trimester examination of rubella virus antibody in the pregnant women having high HI titer by different methods and prognosis of their infants after birth].

Several serological studies of rubella virus (RV) infection were carried out on sera of 45 pregnant women having RV hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer more than 1:512 in the first trimester, including a follow-up study of these women's pregnancies. In order to detect RV-specific IgM antibody, various procedures were employed as follows: Complement fixation test (CF), HI test after treatment of the sera with Protein-A (ProA-HI), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by indirect or sandwich procedures and several tests using fractionated sera by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation (SDG). Positive ratios found with the CF test and ProA-HI were 26.7% and 20.0%, respectively. In indirect ELISA, 4 cases were positive for RV-specific IgM, but all sera were negative in sandwich ELISA and SDG tests. Both RV isolation from urine of some infants and detection of high RV-specific IgM antibody in cord sera failed to be positive. Of 44 pregnancies, 4 cases resulted in spontaneous abortion and all others in normal delivery. These forty normal infants had no sign of congenital rubella syndrome, but one case among them showed polysyndactyly . The results obtained here seemed to indicate that sandwich ELISA is the most valuable and convenient method among the tested procedures for clinically determined diagnosis of recent RV infection in pregnant women having a high HI antibody titer.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

[Antibody response to live rubella vaccination and its clinical meanings].

Serological antibody response for over a year to rubella live virus vaccination was examined by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of 22 seronegative and 25 seropositive sera of young women. In the seronegative group, some HI antibody response appeared first 2 weeks after the vaccination. A positive response of ELISA-IgM was first observed at 3 weeks, showing slowly declining values within the following year. Similarly, ELISA-IgG response occurred first and was positive 3 weeks later with gradual increases in both ELISA-values and positive ratios for 5 months. In the seropositive group, responses of both ELISA-IgM and -IgG were found within a few levels of ELISA-values from 2 weeks after the vaccination. Higher ELISA-IgM values observed after the natural infections than those following in the vaccination should be cited. These possibly show different amounts of viral antigens introduced in vivo. Reinfection of high HI antibody cases may be distinguished by small changes in the ELISA-value's pattern. When the above data are taken together, single measurement of ELISA-IgM does not seem to always be definitive and characteristic changes in positive patterns may be much more important in clinically diagnosing recent rubella virus infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Rathke's cleft cyst--report of three cases].

Three cases of symptomatic Rathkes' cleft cyst are described. Case 1. A 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of intermittent headache, in April, 1985. He was neurologically free, but skull films disclosed a ballooning of the sella with thinning of the dorsum sellae. CT scan showed enlargement of the sella, but no abnormal density area in the sellar region. MRI revealed a round mass with high signal intensity located just posteriorly to the pituitary body. By a transsphenoidal approach, a thin-walled cyst was found at the posterior portion of the sella. Turbid mucinous fluid and the capsule of the cyst were subtotally removed. Histologic section of the specimen demonstrated that its wall was composed of a loose fibrous tissue lined by a single layer of ciliated cuboidal epithelium containing some goblet cells. Electron microscopy showed ciliated cuboidal cells, cells with microvilli, cells with light and large granules, and basal cells abutting on the basal lamina. Case 2. A 33-year-old female was referred to the hospital with complaints of severe headache and decreased visual acuity 0.02 in the left and 0.1 in the right, in July, 1985. Visual field examination revealed bitemporal hemianopsia. She had amenorrhea, galactorrhea and polyuria. CT scan and metrizamide CT cisternography detected a low density mass in the suprasellar region. Endocrinological studies disclosed hyperprolactinemia with partial hypopituitarism. She had a right frontal craniotomy and a suprasellar cyst was subtotally removed. Histologically, a cystic wall was lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium supported by a loose fibrous tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of priapism caused by disseminated intravascular coagulopathy].

A case is presented of priapism resulting from disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), which was diagnosed by pathological studies of the amputated penis and skin biopsy. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in Japan. This 72-year-old-man visited a hospital complaining of fever and cough, and was administrated for treatment of bronchitis and liver cirrhosis. A few days after admission, multiple purpura with edema and pain appeared over the skin regions on the bilateral knee joint, foot joint and upper extremities. A week after purpura appeared, priapism began. Regardless of irrigation and aspiration of corpora cavernosa and glans-cavernosa-fistula creation, penile necrosis developed. We had to perform penile amputation. The pathology of the amputated penis and skin, and blood coagulative examination suggested that DIC resulted in priapism. DIC was controllable by the use of FOY and heparin. He was discharged and is an outpatient.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Lateral hypothalamic area stimulation excites neurons in the region of the subfornical organ with efferent projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in the rat.

Fifteen neurons in the region of the subfornical organ (SFO) were antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the rat. Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) excited the activity of 9 of the identified units, but did not affect the remaining units. The excitatory response of the identified units was blocked by microiontophoretically (MIPh) applied saralasin (Sar), an angiotensin II (ANGII) antagonist, but not by atropine (Atr), a muscarinic antagonist. These results suggest that the LHA has an excitatory influence on the activity of neurons in the region of the SFO with efferent projections to the PVN and that the influence may be mediated by ANGII receptors.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

A thiol protease of peritoneal macrophages in the guinea pig.

Proteolytic enzymes of the guinea pig peritoneal exudate macrophages were investigated using synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrates. Among several enzymes, t-butyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-seryl-arginine 4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide cleaving enzymes had the highest activity, and the activity in exudate macrophages was about 3 times stronger than that in resident macrophages. The molecular weight of the enzyme was around 35,000 and optimal pH around 6.5-7.0. It was inhibited by thiol-blocking reagents, suggesting a thiol protease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Infantile bilateral striatal necrosis. Clinicopathological classification.

Two cases of infantile bilateral striatal necrosis (IBSN) were studied retrospectively, and the literature was reviewed. The two children had presented with progressive neurologic signs of involuntary movements or muscle hypertonia from infancy. Initial computed tomography scans showed mild atrophy of the caudate nuclei or basal ganglia, and the neuropathologic examination revealed diffuse neuronal loss with some patchy preservation and marked astrogliosis in the striatum and globus pallidus. The 27 reported cases of IBSN were divided into three groups with characteristic clinical and pathologic features: early, acute onset (four cases); early, gradual onset (16 cases); and late onset (seven cases). Although metabolic changes in the developing corpus striatum may be important in the pathogenesis of IBSN, the origin is uncertain.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

Efferent pathways from the region of the subfornical organ to hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: an electrophysiological study in the rat.

Twenty-three neurons in the region of the subfornical organ (SFO) were antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in male rats under urethane anesthesia. Microiontophoretically (MIPh) applied angiotensin II (AII) excited the activity of all units in the region of the SFO and the effect of AII was blocked by MIPh applied saralasin (Sar), an AII antagonist, but not by atropine (Atr), a muscarinic antagonist. In these units, 12 were also excited by MIPh applied acetylcholine (ACh) while 11 were not affected and the effect of ACh was attenuated by not only MIPh applied Atr, but also Sar, suggesting that not only neurons specific for AII, but also neurons sensitive to both AII and ACh project to the PVN in the region of the SFO. Intravenously administered AII excited the activity of both types of units in the region of the SFO. Microinjected AII or ACh into the region of the SFO excited the activity of putative vasopressin (VP)-secreting units in the PVN. These results suggest that neurons projecting to the PVN in the region of the SFO may act to enhance the activity of putative VP-secreting neurons in the PVN in response to circulating AII.

Acetylcholine↗