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Biomedical subjects

J Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to J Tanaka.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[MBP and GFAP immunohistochemistry of oligodendrogliomas with relationship to myelin-forming glia in cell differentiation].

The histologic feature of oligodendroglioma is constituted by the monotonously arranged sheets of tumor cells intersected with delicate vascular stroma. The shape of the tumor cells is usually uniform and occasionally rather pleomorphic. In order to clarify biological characteristics of the tumor cells at level of cell differentiation, immunohistochemical stains for myelin basic protein (MBP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) with PAP method were performed on 13 oligodendrogliomas obtained by surgical removal. The cells stained positive with MBP immunostain were encountered in 5 tumors and their incidence was ranging from 1% to more than 30% of all tumor cells. The MBP-positive cells were characterized by having a large clear nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and relatively abundant cytoplasm, that seemed to mimic myelin-forming glia appearing in normal developing brain. The cells with poor cytoplasm or surrounded by a perinuclear halo were MBP-negative, and the pleomorphic cells in majority of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas were also negative. On the other hand, with GFAP stain the positive cells were observed in 8 tumors. It is still controversial to interpret the occurrence of GFAP-positive cells in oligodendrogliomas. In this study the GFAP-positive cells were morphologically identical to the MBP-positive cells, so that both MBP and GFAP are supposed to exist in the same tumor cells. It is assumed that some of oligodendroglioma cells which showed such immunostainabilities could possess an intrinsic character to express a phenotype of myelin-forming glia. Possibly, MBP substance is applicable as one of immunohistochemical markers for oligodendroglioma cells to indicate a certain cell differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Carcinoid of the papilla of Vater-somatostatinoma--a case report].

A 46-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of liver dysfunction. She had been suffering from right hypochondralgia for two months. On admission, Laboratory data indicated extrahepatic cholestasis. Both X-ray and endoscopic examinations confirm a submucosal tumor of the papilla of Vater, and surgical diagnosis was performed. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as carcinoid, and a further immunohistochemical study by the PAP method using antisomatostatin serum indicated somatostatinoma. Electron microscopically, the tumor cells were found to contain numerous intracellular granules, which looked like D cells in the pancreatic islet. Somatostatinoma in the intestinal tract has been reported in only 13 cases, in only one of which was it located in the papilla of Vater. That means that, this is the second case so far.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Changes in oxidative phosphorylation, adenylate energy charge, and respiratory components in chloramphenicol-treated regenerating rat liver.

To clarify the functional adaptability of mitochondria in the regenerating liver, the concentrations of respiratory components, hepatic energy charge levels, cytochrome oxidase activity, and phosphorylative activity were studied in mitochondria obtained from regenerating liver of rats treated with chloramphenicol (CAP). In the hepatectomized groups with CAP treatment, a dose-dependent decrease occurred in the concentrations of cytochrome a(+ a3), cytochrome b, cytochrome c + c1, flavoprotein, and pyridine nucleotide. Cytochrome oxidase activity and phosphorylative activity per milligram of mitochondrial protein also decreased dose dependently in CAP-treated hepatectomized groups, with a significant increase in these values per unit of cytochrome a(+ a3). Hepatic energy charge levels significantly decreased in the hepatectomized groups. However, no significant differences were seen among the hepatectomized groups. However, no significant differences were seen among the hepatectomized groups with or without CAP treatment. Our results suggest that hepatic energy charge is maintained at the same relative level by a compensatory enhancement in phosphorylative capacity associated with cytochrome oxidase activity per unit of cytochrome a(+ a3), in spite of a remarkable decrease in the concentrations of respiratory components.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity of Epstein-Barr virus derived from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma that has transforming and lytic properties.

The biological activities of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from a human epithelial hybrid cell line derived from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC-KT) were studied. Low concentrations of virus from the NPC-KT cell line stimulated DNA synthesis of human cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) and induced CBL to form EBV nuclear antigen-positive continuous cell lines. The CBL exposed to higher doses of virus showed stimulated DNA synthesis 2 days after infection, followed by cell lysis. Virus from the NPC-KT cell line induced EBV-specific antigens in nonproducer Raji cells and reduced the colony-forming ability of the super-infected cells. The ratio of transforming activity to early antigen-inducing ability was not constant during cell passage. The data obtained suggest that NPC-KT clone 1 cells are producing virus with cytotoxic and transforming properties.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1986

[Role of hepatic resection in multiple combination therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma].

UNLABELLED: Recently, resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HC-C) has been increasing. However, it has not been established whether or not hepatectomy is beneficial in achieving long survival in HCC patients. The present study was aimed at evaluating whether hepatic resection could lead to long survival by retrospectively analyzing cumulative survival rate. One hundred twenty-three cases underwent hepatic resection for HCC between 1977 and 1985. Their post-operative cumulative survival rates including operative death were 65, 34 and 27% for 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. The 3-year survival rates for stages 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 55, 48, 27 and 0%, respectively. When the survival rate was analyzed by curability, the 3-year survival rates were 68 and 28% for curative and non-curative operations. In our department, 18 cases have survived over 3 years after hepatectomy. The macroscopical appearance of their tumors was characterized by encapsulation, with no tumor thrombosis in the portal vein. Tumor size or satellite lesions did not necessarily affect long survival. CONCLUSIONS: Liver resection for hepatoma patients at stage I and II can be expected to bring about long-term survival.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

[A case in which alpha-interferon showed remarkable effect against the brain, bone, and lung metastases arising from the renal cell carcinoma].

A 37-year-old man was sent to our department from the Radiology Department on July 19, 1984 with the diagnosis of right renal cell carcinoma with metastases to the right humerus and bilateral lungs. He was nephrectomized immediately and administered 10 X 10(6) units of alpha-interferon i. m. every other day for 3 months during the admission and 30 X 10(6) units once a week for more than 3 months after discharge. Although in addition to humeral and lung metastases, brain metastasis was found a week after the operation, interferon showed a remarkable effect and produced get a complete response in the humeral and brain metastases, and partial response in the lung metastasis. We think this is, perhaps, the first case of CR in brain metastasis so far. We conclude that interferon can be the first choice drug as an adjuvant chemotherapy against renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on interaction of human cytomegalovirus with host cell: conversion of a nonproductive state of cell to a productive state for virus replication.

The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the interaction of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with host cell was studied. Confluent state of a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (A204) showed a much lower susceptibility to HCMV infection when compared to that in subconfluent actively growing cell cultures. Treatment of confluent cultures with DMSO, however, converted many nonproductive cells in these cultures to a productive state for virus replication. Infectious center assay revealed that approximately 100-fold more cells in the compound-treated cultures are able to produce infectious virus. The amount of infectious virus produced in DMSO-treated confluent cultures was enhanced by approximately 10,000-fold over production in untreated cultures and recovered to the level of that produced in subconfluent cultures productive state for virus replication. This cell physiology-dependent inhibition of HCMV replication and enhancement of virus growth by DMSO did not occur with herpes simplex virus type 2. Immunofluorescence staining, gel electrophoresis, and DNA analyses indicate that block of HCMV replication in confluent cultures probably occurs at the level of early transcription or translation of the viral genome. In contrast, in DMSO-treated confluent cultures appreciable amounts of HCMV DNA polymerase (an early virus function), viral DNA, and late antigens were synthesized. Pretreatment of confluent cultures with DMSO enabled the cells to support HCMV replication. In addition, the most effective enhancement by DMSO was found in cultures that had been treated with the compound up to 5 hr after infection. These results suggest that the enhancing effect by DMSO is primarily expressed through some host cellular function(s) and the early stages in virus growth cycle are most likely under control by DMSO action.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Subfornical organ neurons with efferent projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: an electrophysiological study in the rat.

Seventeen neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO) were antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the rat. The activity of all identified SFO neurons was excited by microiontophoretically (MIPh) applied angiotensin II (AII) and the effect of AII was blocked by MIPh-applied saralasin (Sar), an AII antagonist, but not by atropine (Atr), a muscarinic antagonist. In these identified SFO neurons, 9 were also excited and 8 were not affected by MIPh-applied acetylcholine (ACh) and the effect of ACh was attenuated by not only MIPh-applied Atr but also by Sar. These results suggest that there are specific AII- and both AII- and ACh-sensitive types of SFO neurons with efferent projections to the PVN.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1985

Electrophysiological evidence that circulating angiotensin II sensitive neurons in the subfornical organ alter the activity of hypothalamic paraventricular neurohypophyseal neurons in the rat.

Thirteen neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO) were antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the rat. The activity of these identified SFO neurons was excited by intravenous injection of angiotensin II (AII). Electrical stimulation of the SFO produced orthodromic excitation (40%) and inhibition (40%) of the activity of putative vasopressin (VP)-secreting PVN neurons. These results suggest that circulating AII sensitive SFO neurons with efferent projections to the PVN have both excitatory and inhibitory influences on the activity of putative VP-secreting neurons in the PVN.

Angiotensin II↗