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J Théodoridès

Publications and source records attributed to J Théodoridès.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[A great Franco-Mauritian epidemiologist: Joseph Désiré Tholozan (1820-18970].

Born in 1820 from French parents in Diego Garcia, an islet then linked to Mauritius where he started in Port-Louis his school years, Joseph Désiré Tholozan was an original personality. He undertook medical studies in France (M. D. thesis, Paris, 1843) after having joined the military Health Service (1841) as a surgeon serving in various garrisons in the country and later at the Hospital of the Valde-Grâce in Paris (1849). Successful at the "agrégation" of Medicine in 1853, he later participated to the Crimean War (1854-1855) where he performed-interesting medical observations. In 1858, he was appointed personal physician to Nasreddin Shah and remained in Persia until his death in Teheran (1897) where he is buried. Tholozan published between 1847 and 1892 over fifty articles and books dealing chiefly with infectious pathology and epidemiology, written at a time when microbial etiology and specificity of such diseases were wholly unknown. He considered chiefly bubonic plague, studying as soon as 1871 the focus of the Iranian Kurdistan, a research which will be resumed by M. Baltazard and his collaborators between 1947 and 1971, i.e. a century later. He was also deeply interested by the "oriental" cholera of which he recalled masterly the history and geography in the Near and Middle East. He also performed, while in Crimea and Persia, personal observations on tuberculosis, diptheria, remittent fever, acrodynia and had studied in France in his early years various other diseases such as cutaneous staphylococcic infections, glanders, pulmonary haemorrhagies, etc. In Persia, he reorganized Public Health and medical teaching and educated many local physicians and surgeons. Being assured of the unlimited confidence of the Shah, he played an important cultural role, promoting French influence in Persia. Holder of many French and foreign decorations, Tholozan was Fellow of the French Academies of Sciences and Medicine. His name was given by Laboulbène to Ornithodoros tholozani, a tick vector of a recurrent fever (spirochetosis due to Borrelia persica), of which he had described both the symptoms and the vector in 1882.

Epidemiology↗
PubMed1997

[Historical note on the discovery of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission by Phlebotomus].

In the last edition of Morton's medical Bibliography (1991) the discovery of the transmission of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis by phlebotomes is attributed to english-speaking authors having published between 1924 and 1942. In fact this discovery resulting from researches undertaken since 1904 is due to the team of the Institut Pasteur d'Algerie (E. & E. SERGENT and collaborators) and was published in 1921. We further recall the two meetings of the Société de pathologie exotique held in Paris on february 8 & 9 1933 during which were exposed the results obtained in Palestine & Syria by ADLER & THEODOR (1925-1929) who implicitly recognized the priority of the French workers of the Institut Pasteur d'Algérie.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pierre François Olive Rayer (1793-1867).

Pierre François Olive Rayer is an important figure in French medicine and medical biology of the second half of the nineteenth century, although he is scarcely recognized as such even in his own country.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1994

[Charcot in Rayer's wake].

Charcot occupies an important place among Rayer's disciples although they did not publish any work together. They met for the first time in 1848 and later at the Société de Biologie. From 1853 to 1855 Charcot was Piorry's chef de Clinique" near Rayer's department at the Charité hospital. In 1860 Charcot was nominated "professeur agrégé with Rayer's backing. Several publications of Charcot with other disciples of Rayer (Ch. Robin, C. Davaine) are recalled as well as his paper, signed alone in 1858, on chronical arterial ischemia (Syndrome of Bouley and Charcot). An unpublished letter from Rayer recommending Charcot to the librarian of the Institut de France (1859) as well as a partial and undated one from Charcot back from England to Rayer are published here.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed1994

[Former observations of urinary bilharziasis and wuchereriosis].

On the occasion of a book near completion on the great clinician Pierre Rayer (1793-1867), a pioneer of infectious pathology, are presented here two of his works concerning parasitic tropical pathology. The first (1838) signed by Rayer alone deals with an hematuria observed in patients from Mauritius. He distinguished several forms of the disease and described 15 observations which he compared to Egyptian hematuria of which the parasitic agent (Bilharzia (= Schistosoma) haematobium) will not be described before 1852 by Th. Bilharz. A very recent paper by Julvez (1992) confirms the persistence of this parasitic disease in Mauritius. The second paper published in 1850 with his disciple Casimir Davaine (1812-1882) concerns a case of elephantiasis of the Arabs (wuchereriosis) occurring in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). The authors describe carefully the anatomo-pathological features of the amputated hand and forearm of the patient. They could not be aware of the parasitic etiology of the disease which although suspected by J. Hendy (1784) will be demonstrated only during the second half of last century (Demarquay, 1863; Wucherer, 1866; Lewis, 1870 and Bancroft 1876 who observed microfilariae and filariae of the Nematode presently named Wuchereria bancrofti in the blood and lymph of the patients). Its transmission by mosquitoes (Aedes, Culex) will be demonstrated by P. Manson (1878). These little-known observations are examples of clinical descriptions of tropical parasitic disease before the discovery of the parasites involved. As such they deserved to be recalled here.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Parasitology in France: the past.

The 'French School of Parasitology' has its roots in the thirteenth century. Since then, it has contributed much to our understanding of parasitic organisms, their biology and their role as etiological agents of disease. In many fields of parasitology, the names of members of this school remain associated with taxonomic groups or species and they include two Nobel Prize winners, yet today, the origins of these names and the efforts of these early parasitologists have too often been forgotten. Here, Ian Humphery-Smith, Jean Théodoridès, Louis Touratier and Anne-Marie Le-Flohic outline the highlights of the French contribution to our knowledge of host-parasite relationships.

Journal Article↗