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Biomedical subjects

J Tor

Publications and source records attributed to J Tor.

136 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Chronic ulcerative colitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (author's transl)].

A 27-year-old male developed an autoimmune hemolytic anemia during the initial episode of chronic ulcerative colitis. Laboratory studies revealed a positive direct Coomb's test (IgG + C), and the presence of specific anti-Hr antibody. Salicylazosulfapyridine was tested by means of immunohematologic techniques, but results discarded this drug as the responsible agent for autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Association of ulcerative colitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an uncommon finding; around 36 cases have been published in the literature. Hemolytic anemia may develop as a consequence of treatment with salicylazosulfapyridine, the antimicrobial of choice in the management of inflammatory diseases of the bowel.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Systemic lupus erythematosus induced by anticonvulsivant drug (author's transl)].

A 20-year-old patient with previous history since 9 years of age of epileptic crises, was followed since then by anticonvulsivant therapy. Eight months before her admittance to the hospital ethosuximide was added to the anticonvulsivant treatment with good results. The development of fever, pain in the joints, and pleuropericarditis decided her admittance, being the clinical evaluation analytically and immunologically compatible with a systemic lupus erythematosus. The discontinuance of the anticonvulsivant medication determined at the end of the 3rd week the clinical and analytical recovery of the patient. The immunological study was normal after 3 months. The addition of other anticonvulsivant drugs, without having modified the normal condition of the patient, establishes a cause-effect relationship after the administration of ethosuximide. The infrequency of this observation is commented on, and the present knowledge of the possible mechanisms implicated in the drug-induction of a systemic lupus erythematosus is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carbamazepine dose requirements during stiripentol therapy: influence of cytochrome P-450 inhibition by stiripentol.

The inhibitory effect of stiripentol (STP) on disposition of carbamazepine (CBZ) and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZE) was quantitated to establish CBZ dosage reduction guidelines for future clinical add-on efficacy trials of STP. In seven epileptic patients, STP (1,500-3,000 mg/day for 2 weeks) inhibited CBZ clearance by 50 +/- 16% (p = 0.001) and reduced the CBZE/CBZ plasma ratio by 45 +/- 14% (p = 0.0005). The inhibitory effect was gradually manifested over a period of 7-10 days after initiation of STP therapy. In contrast to inhibition of CBZE formation, STP had no effect (p greater than 0.05) on elimination clearance or half-life (t1/2) of CBZE in six healthy volunteers. STP most likely exerts inhibitory effects through inhibition of cytochrome P-450. This hypothesis was confirmed in the present study by the finding that a therapeutic concentration of STP (7 micrograms/mL) inhibited 10,11-epoxidation of CBZ in human liver microsomes by 40-50%. On the basis of results from this study, we propose that (a) CBZ dosage should be reduced in steps over a period of 7-10 days after initiation of STP, and (b) a CBZ dosage of 4.3 to 8.7 mg/kg/day will maintain therapeutic CBZ plasma levels of 5-10 micrograms/mL.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of various tests for the detection of antigen and antibodies in the diagnosis of primary HIV infection].

The effectiveness of different methodologies to identify antigenemia and antibodies against HIV at the time of viral primary infection was evaluated. To this end, 6 consecutive serum samples of a patient who had had symptomatic seroconversion were assessed. The detection of antigenemia was earlier than that of antibodies, although the sensitivity of the three evaluated assays varied greatly. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) designed with synthetic peptides from the HIV envelope (third generation EIA) was the most sensitive test for antibody detection. Five other tests elaborated with antigenic material from a viral lysate (first generation) or with recombinant proteins (second generation) were reactive later, although the second generation EIA were more sensitive. A rapid immunofiltration test (HIV-Check) had good sensitivity, similar to that of the second generation EIA. Western blotting (WB) identified antibodies against the viral core later than the third generation EIA, and all the bands required for the diagnosis only appeared three weeks later. Therefore, although WB is an excellent method to confirm results from other tests, it may not be definitive for the results at the primary infection period when other particularly sensitive techniques are already diagnostic. We think that the higher sensitivity of EIA tests using synthetic peptides justifies its generalization for sample screening in blood banks.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗