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Biomedical subjects

J Torhorst

Publications and source records attributed to J Torhorst.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Autoradiographic localisation of 3H-biotin in chick tissues.

In an autoradiographic study with a 243 days' exposure time of the autoradiographs, the tissue distribution of 3H-labelled biotin was investigated. Label being always related to cytoplasma, no label was found in the nucleus in cells suitable for such an observation. High labelling was found in differentiated cells, e.g. in hepatocytes, proximal tubular cells of kidney, villous epithelia of small intestine, fat cells, epithelial cells of proventriculus, and uropygial gland and in ependymal cells of the plexus chorioideus. Undifferentiated and rapidly proliferating tissue compartments were only weakly labelled as for example undifferentiated kidney cortex, bone marrow, lymphatic tissue. Organs engaged in fat synthesis showed intensive labelling. In these organs as well as in liver and kidney the accumulation of label is in agreement with the known biochemical function. The accumulation of label, e.g. in osteoblasts or in the ependymal cells of the plexus chorioideus, gives evidence that biotin is an essential vitamin not only for the liver and the kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Growth stimulation in a Ewing sarcoma after "macrophage blockade" in athymic (nude) mice].

Inoculation of cell suspensions of a Ewing sarcoma (1.5 to 2.0 x 10(8) viable cells/mouse) into thymus less nude mice bred under conventional conditions gave a 90% take rate after subcutaneous injection and 35% after intraperitoneal. Intraperitoneal take rate is raised to 90% by intraperitoneal pretreatment with India ink. The same pretreatment shortens the tumor doubling time after subcutaneous inoculation. Both events are probably caused by inhibition of macrophages and/or natural killer cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Control of a human tumour (Ewing sarcoma) in mice by a single lethal dose of dimethyl-myleran and bone marrow.

A Ewing sarcoma grown in immunosuppressed mice was eradicated with a single lethal dose of dimethylmyleran (DMM) followed by autologous or syngeneic bone marrow. Sarcomas treated 2 weeks after grafting in a phase of rapid proliferation disappeared and large sarcomas treated after 6 or 10 weeks were reduced to necrotic tissue. A human osteosarcoma also regressed distinctly after this therapy while a human colon carcinoma responded poorly. Sub-lethal DMM treatment induced complete remissions in only 62% of the mice. Tumours which display sensitivity in this model may be treated clinically with lethal doses of DMM and autologous marrow transplantations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Massive ovarian oedema with production of testosterone.

Clinical, biochemical, light- and electron microscopic, and immunocytochemical findings of a 13 1/2 year old girl with delayed menarche and signs of virilization due to massive oedema of the left ovary with activation of stromal cells (hyperthecosis) are presented. Testosterone and oestradiol production by large cells in the voluminous ovary was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. Massive ovarian oedema may result from partial or intermittent torsion of the mesovary interfering with venous and lymphatic drainage, but not with arterial blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in the rat. Effect of dehydration, DOCA-saline and furosemide.

Acute renal failure was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of 200 mg/kg body weight gentamicin on 3 consecutive days. Following the last gentamicin injection, the animals began to produce increased amounts of dilute urine and usually remained polyuric throughout the experimental period which lasted up to 2 weeks. Plasma concentrations of creatinine rose to values between 2 and 10 mg%, of urea to values between 100 and 1,000 mg% 5-7 days after the last gentamicin injection and returned to levels slightly above control after 14 days. Average proximal tubular pressure was slightly elevated to 13.7 +/- 0.5 mm Hg on the 2nd day after the last gentamicin dose, decreased to 6.1 +/- 0.4 mm Hg after 1 week, and returned to 11.8 +/- 0.2 mm Hg after 2 weeks (control proximal tubular pressure 11.6 +/- 0.2 mm Hg). These average values hide the fact that early in this model of gentamicin-induced acute renal failure many tubules had proximal tubular pressures increased to values between 18 and 25 mm Hg, suggesting tubular obstruction. Decreased proximal tubular pressures and the histological finding of wide-spread necrosis of proximal convolutions is suggestive of tubular leakage. Dehydration, similarly to other models of acute renal failure, markedly potentiated gentamicin-induced acute renal failure. Salt diuresis induced either by DOCA-saline or by furosemide failed to afford functional protection and increased the degree of morphological damage. No relation was found between the concentration of gentamicin in renal tissue and the degree of functional or morphological impairment.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition by lymph node cells and promotion by fetal hepatocytes of murine tumours without or with chemotherapy.

The growth of a syngeneic Moloney lymphoma in CBA mice was inhibited by the injection of lymph node cells from normal CBA donors. This cytotherapeutic effect was also seen after chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CY) or dimethylmyleran (DMM). Two other murine tumours, the Meth A sarcoma in Balb/c mice and the L1210 leukemia in BDF1 mice, did not respond to treatment with normal syngeneic cells. In the L1210 system, tumour-promoting effects of fetal liver cells were demonstrated. The tumour inhibitory effects of normal lymph node cells against the Moloney lymphoma may be a virus-dependent phenomenon mediated through interferon and natural killer' cells. The experiments also showed the sensitivity of the Moloney lymphoma and the Meth A sarcoma to CY and DMM and the responsiveness of the L1210 leukemia to AAFC.

Ancitabine↗
PubMed1981

[Problems posed by successive bilateral cancers of the testicles].

Six new cases of bilateral sequential germ cell tumors of the testis are reported. They were observed between 1960 and 1980 among 161 cases of testicular cancers. The incidence was 3.7%. One patient showed atypical germ cells in a testicular biopsy specimen 8 months before the second tumor arose. The importance of the seminoma in situ as an increased risk of a second testicular tumor and specific modalities of diagnosis, therapy or prognosis are discussed. We insist on the need for an accurate and extended follow-up because the success in management depends primarily on early diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnostic accuracy of prostate needle biopsies in cancer of the prostate].

The carcinoma of the prostate can be diagnosed with high certainty in needle biopsy. Among 450 cases only one false diagnosis was found. Under routine diagnostic conditions, semiquantitative evaluation showed that 50% of the investigated morphological parameters in carcinomas of the prostate can be reproduced by one and the same or different investigators with a sufficiently high degree of certainty. Comparison between needle biopsy and transurethral resection material showed that the overall coincidence of tumor classification (according to the predominant part of tumor) was only 50%. The authors conclude that tumor therapy should not predominantly be based on morphology present in a single needle biopsy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1981

[Prognostic significance of clinical and morphological parameters in prostate cancer].

In 269 patients with carcinoma of the prostate, a retrospective statistical evaluation was done to correlate prognosis with different clinical and morphological criteria. All prostate biopsies were reviewed, the clinical staging redone and compared to survival of the patients. The most reliable criteria for prognostic prediction are clinical staging (rectal palpation, radiological examination and prostatic acid phosphatase). The morphologic parameters (histologic type of tumor, perineural invasion and perifocal inflammation) are of additional but of limited value.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Incidences of fatal postoperative pulmonary embolism after prophylaxis with dextran 70 and low-dose heparin: an international multicentre study.

A total of 4352 patients were admitted to a prospective' randomised multicentre trial comparing the prophylactic efficacy of dextran 70 and low-dose heparin against fatal pulmonary embolism after elective operations for general, orthopaedic, urological, and gynaecological conditions. Out of 3984 patients correctly admitted, 1993 were allocated to receive dextran 70 and 1991 to receive low-dose heparin. Withdrawal of prophylaxis because of bleeding or technical difficulties occurred more often in the heparin group, but allergic reactions were more common in the dextran group. Of the 75 patients who died within 30 days after operation, 38 had been given dextran and 37 low-dose heparin. Necropsy was performed in 33 and 32 of these cases respectively. In six patients in each group pulmonary embolism was the sole or a contributory cause of death. Of these, five patients in the dextran group and two in the heparin group had received a full course of prophylaxis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups in the incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism after a full course of prophylaxis.

Aged↗