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Biomedical subjects

J Tosner

Publications and source records attributed to J Tosner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Lysophosphatidic acid in ovarian cancer patients].

OBJECTIVE: To compare plasma lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) level in ovarian cancer patients and women without ovarian pathology. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Hradec Králové. METHODS: The method for LPA level analyze with its specification by capillary electrophoresis using indirect ultraviolet detection has been implementated. Since the beginning of this project venous blood samples from 103 patients (60 patients with ovarian cancer, 43 patients without ovarian pathology) have been obtained. RESULTS: Plasma LPA levels were elevated in ovarian cancer patients (sigma LPA Med 19.9 micromol/l, Range 4.5-42.7 micromol/l). Patients without ovarian pathology (n=35) (sigma LPA Med 2.6 micromol/l, Range 0.9-22.9 micromol/l, P<0,001) had statistically significant lower plasma LPA level compared with ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSION: Lysophosphatidic acid appears useful as diagnostic marker of ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pregnancy after uterine artery embolization in uterine myoma].

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of successful pregnancy outcome after embolization treatment of symptomatic leiomyoma. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of University Hospital, Hradec Králové. SUBJECT AND METHOD: A 41-year old primigravida who had previously undergone uterine artery embolization and myomectomy had successful course of the spontaneously conceived pregnancy terminated per sectionem cesarean. An analysis of the 50 published cases of pregnancy after uterine artery embolization revealed the following complications: spontaneous abortion (22%), malpresentation (17%), hypotrophy (7%), premature delivery (28%), caesarean section (58%) and postpartum hemorrhage (13%). CONCLUSION: Whether this procedure is safe for women desiring future fertility is controversial. There are very few data regarding the outcomes of pregnancies after embolization.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Para-aortic lymphadenectomy in gynecology. Theoretical principles, basic approach and practical suggestions].

OBJECTIVE: To present a review of para-aortic lymphadenectomy in gynecology. SUBJECTS: Review. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Department of Oncology, Prague. SUBJECT AND METHOD: Discussion about current evidence from literature and our own experience. CONCLUSION: In the past 20 years, pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy has become part of the standard surgical treatment of ovarian cancer. Overall, about 40% of patients with ovarian cancer will have nodal involvement. Regarding to this real probability is para-aortic lymphadenectomy very important part of surgical treatment in this disease.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed2001

The phenotype of ascitic fluid lymphocytes in patients with ovarian carcinoma and other primaries.

BACKGROUND: Ascitic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are a potential source of effectors for adoptive immunotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The TIL phenotype was examined by two-color flow cytometry in malignancy-related ascites of 49 patients with different primaries. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and neopterin were determined in ascitic fluid by enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: Malignant melanoma patients had significantly higher CD3(+), CD3(+)CD8(+) and CD3(+)CD95(+), and lower CD3(+)CD4(+) lymphocyte numbers than patients with other primaries. Ovarian cancer patients had higher CD3(+)CD45RO(+), CD8(+)CD28(+), CD19(+)CD86(+), CD19(+) and CD19(+)CD86(+) lymphocyte numbers, and lower NK cell numbers than patients with gastrointestinal and pancreatic primaries. Pretreated patients had significantly lower concentrations of IL-10, lower CD8(+)CD28(+), CD3(+)CD45RA(+), and higher CD3(+)CD80(+) numbers than chemotherapy-naïve patients. Patients with hepatic metastases had lower CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD45RO(+), and higher CD3(+)CD25(+) and NK cell numbers than patients without liver metastases. A substantial number of cells exhibited dendritic cell phenotype. Significant correlations were observed between neopterin and IL-10 concentrations, and numbers of CD8(+)CD28(+) and CD3(+)CD80(+) lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Some parameters of TIL phenotype differ depending on primary, previous treatment, or the presence of liver metastases. A negative correlation was observed between IL-10 and neopterin, and an opposing effect of local concentrations of IL-10 and neopterin on the numbers of CD8(+)CD28(+) and CD3(+)CD80(+) was noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Endometrial polyps. A clinical study of 245 cases.

OBJECTIVES: Endometrial polyps (EPs) are among the common cases of abnormal uterine bleeding. Hormonal factors may be involved in the pathogenesis as indicated by endometrial abnormalities in patients treated with tamoxifen. This study was designed to analyse the patient characteristics which may be associated with polyp occurrence and assess the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Group of 245 patients was formed to 152 postmenopausal and 93 premenopausal women with EP diagnosed hysteroscopically and confirmed histologically. Evaluated factors were as follows: 1) patient characteristics: age, body mass, systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, nulliparity, late menopause, estrogen replacement therapy, and tamoxifen treatment; 2) clinical features of EPs, and 3) the number of curettage's (D & C) and hysteroscopies. RESULTS: Hypertension associated with obesity appears to be an important factor in combination which may play role in the pathogenesis of EPs like the late menopause which was noted in 30% of examined postmenopausal women. An association between EPs and tamoxifen was found in 8% patients with breast cancer. 2. Postmenopausal uterine bleeding and menstrual disorders were prominent clinical symptoms in 44% post- and in 82% of premenopausal women. The other 56% post- and 18% premenopausal patients were asymptomatic. 3. The multiple EPs were present in 26% of postmenopausal and in 15% premenopausal women. 4. Transvaginal ultrasonography supplemented by sonohysterography in cases with abnormal ultrasonographic findings should be the main diagnostic method. 5 Hysteroscopical polypectomy is regarded as the optimal therapy and the removal of the endometrial basalis in the EP origin area prevents persistence or recurrence of EP.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The influence of latent hyperprolactinaemia on the levels of LH, FSH, E2 and T in the midfollicular phase of the cycle.

The metoclopramide test for latent hyperprolactinaemia was done on 174 randomly chosen infertile women in the midfollicular phase of the cycle. 54 women had latent hyperprolactinaemia which was defined as a PRL level of at least 150 ng/ml after metoclopramide. Just before the metoclopramide was given, blood was taken to measure the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 17-beta estradiol (E2) and total testosterone (T). Women with latent hyperprolactinaemia had significantly lower levels of LH (p < 0.01) and E2 (p < 0.001) and higher levels of T (p < 0.05) in the midfollicular phase when compared with women without this condition. FSH levels showed no statistically significant difference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Changes in the endometrium in treatment of breast carcinoma with tamoxifen].

A group of twenty postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen was used for examination of the endometrial morphology, role of transvaginal sonography, and consequences of insufficient collaboration between gynaecologist and oncologist. One case of endometrial carcinoma, one case of abnormal hyperplasia, and ten endometrial polyps in asymptomatic patients support the need for routine transvaginal sonography as a screening method. Any uterine bleeding should be evaluated by hysteroscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Methods of selection of cutoff points in the development and interpretation of diagnostic tests].

Problems related to the optimization of diagnosis making are scrutinized. Applied immunological tests for diagnosis of ovarian cancers are used as an example of ROC curve calculation. Moreover, sensitivity and specificity grades are computed in order to obtain the optimum of diagnostical robustness. The ROC analysis is supplemented with application of Bayes diagnostical algorithm. The analysis is given also of other problems concerning with implementation of quantitative characteristics in the course of diagnostical decision making.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1988

Serum prealbumin, transferrin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in patients with gynecological carcinomas.

Prealbumin, orosomucoid (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), were studied by single radial immunodiffusion in sera of 216 controls and 188 patients with gynecological carcinomas divided according to diagnosis, activity, and progression of the disease. The level of orosomucoid was found higher in 94 patients with active epithelial ovarian carcinoma (mean = 1.35 g/l), in 38 women with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (mean = 1.04 g/l), and in 56 women with endometrial carcinoma (mean = 0.91 g/l), than in 61 blood donors (mean = 0.62 g/l) and 155 patients with benign gynecological diseases (mean = 0.71 g/l). Orosomucoid increased with the progression of ovarian carcinoma. Patients with active localized or advanced carcinoma had higher levels of orosomucoid than patients in remission (mean = 0.88 g/l). This can help in diagnosing ovarian carcinoma relapses. Prealbumin and transferrin decreased in all women with active ovarian carcinoma and in advanced cervical and endometrial carcinomas. Transferrin and prealbumin of patients in remission differed from the values in advanced carcinomas of the cervix and endometrium only and cannot be used in relapse determination. Calculation of the O/P index (orosomucoid to prealbumin ratio) brought no advantage for tumor diagnosis in comparison with the investigation of orosomucoid alone.

Adult↗