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Biomedical subjects

J Treharne

Publications and source records attributed to J Treharne.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Rapid detection and serotyping of adenovirus by direct immunofluorescence.

Four fluorescent antibody reagents were evaluated for their suitability for the identification of adenovirus isolates by immunofluorescence. The antibodies used in the reagents consist of monoclonal antibodies against adenovirus type 3 (Ad3), Ad4, Ad8, and adenoviruses of subgroup C (Ad1,2,5,6), serotypes known to occur in outbreaks of disease. Most of the monoclonal antibodies employed were reactive against type-specific antigens found on the hexon protein. Reagents employing two noncompeting anti-hexon antibodies were more sensitive than reagents prepared with only one monoclonal antibody, although both types of reagents exhibited a high degree of specificity. Five hundred and seventeen adenovirus isolates (359 of which had previously been typed by other methods) and 46 nonadenovirus isolates were examined with all four type-specific reagents in parallel with an adenovirus group-specific reagent. The results indicate that direct typing of adenovirus isolates is feasible, leading to significant savings in time compared to other typing methods and should contribute to the management of certain adenovirus infections, particularly during outbreaks.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1994

Chlamydia pneumoniae--a new causative agent of reactive arthritis and undifferentiated oligoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether reactive arthritis (ReA) known to occur after a urogenital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis can also follow an infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae, a recently described species of Chlamydiae that is a common cause of respiratory tract infections. METHODS: Specific antibodies (microimmunofluorescence test) and lymphocyte proliferation to C trachomatis and C pneumoniae in paired samples of peripheral blood and synovial fluid were investigated in 70 patients with either reactive arthritis (ReA) or undifferentiated oligoarthritis (UOA). RESULTS: Five patients with acute ReA after an infection with C pneumoniae are reported. Three had a symptomatic preceding upper respiratory tract infection and two had no such symptoms. In all patients a C pneumoniae-specific lymphocyte proliferation in synovial fluid and a high specific antibody titre suggesting an acute infection was found. CONCLUSION: C pneumoniae needs to be considered a new important cause of reactive arthritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Coxiella burneti endocarditis in a patient with positive chlamydial serology.

A 41-year-old man who habitually slept in a car park presented with a culture-negative endocarditis. Serological tests indicated infection with both Coxiella burneti and Chlamydia psittaci. He was treated with doxycycline and clindamycin and required aortic valve replacement. Culture of the excised value for both agents was negative but electron microscopy was suggestive of coxiella endocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Aetiological role of bacteria associated with reactive arthritis in pauciarticular juvenile chronic arthritis.

BACKGROUND: The cause of juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) is unknown. Pauciarticular JCA is the most common subtype and can be subdivided into early (type I) and late onset (type II) forms, the latter clinically resembling reactive arthritis. METHODS: The cellular immune responses to bacteria associated with reactive arthritis in blood and synovial fluid from 39 children with pauciarticular JCA, three children with classical reactive arthritis, and two children with psoriatic arthritis were examined. Specific titres of antibodies to bacteria in serum samples were measured in all patients. RESULTS: A bacteria specific synovial cellular immune response was found in two of three (67%) patients with reactive arthritis and 14 of 28 (50%) patients with pauciarticular JCA type II but only in one of 11 (9%) patients with pauciarticular JCA type I and none in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Six patients responded specifically to Chlamydia trachomatis and 11 to Yersinia enterocolitica. Antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation correlated poorly with the specific antibody response. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that bacteria with associated reactive arthritis may have a causative role in pauciarticular JCA type II but not in JCA type I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Synovial T lymphocyte-specific immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis in Reiter's disease.

We studied the lymphocyte proliferative response to Chlamydia trachomatis in Reiter's syndrome (RS) compared with that in other rheumatic diseases. RS patients showed significantly increased C trachomatis-specific synovial fluid (SF) T cell proliferation. Proliferating cells were found in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. The SF lymphocyte proliferative response to C trachomatis in RS was inhibited by anti-class I and class II major histocompatibility complex monoclonal antibodies, while the response to tuberculin purified protein derivative was inhibited only by anti-class II monoclonal antibodies. T cell receptor gamma/delta-bearing T cells were not consistently increased in RS SF compared with peripheral blood, nor did such cells consistently expand upon in vitro culture with C trachomatis. Finally, there was no correlation between the cellular immune response and levels of antibody to C trachomatis antigens. Our results indicate that a specific T cell response to C trachomatis within the joint plays a role in the pathogenesis of RS.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An unusual uveitis in Tanzanian children.

In 1982-7, 254 children with panuveitis were seen at Mvumi Hospital, Tanzania, representing 56% of all cases of uveitis seen. Half were aged under 2. No consistent abnormality accounted for the uveitis and it resolved spontaneously over 6-12 weeks. A trial of prednisolone was performed in 30 children: 18 showed improvement by four weeks compared with 20 of 35 controls given only topical steroids and mydriatics.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Diagnosis of infection caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR) in patients with "ornithosis" in southern Sweden 1981-1987.

Serological distinction between ornithosis and infection by Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR) was attempted by microimmunofluorescence (MIF) of 156 cases previously considered as ornithosis on the ground of a positive complement fixation test with a chlamydia group antigen. At least 23% of these cases were TWAR infections according to the results at retesting by MIF. The highest frequency of TWAR infections was demonstrated during 1981 with a decreasing number and proportion thereafter. We contend that the sudden increase in the reported number of ornithosis cases in 1981 may have been caused by TWAR infections which seem to vary in incidence over time. Family clusters of respiratory infections were much more common with TWAR infections than with ornithosis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

Vaginal oxytetracycline concentrations.

Although tetracycline preparations are widely used in departments of genitourinary medicine, or sexually transmitted diseases clinics, little is known of the concentrations of these preparations in genital secretions. For this reason a microbiological method was used for estimating oxytetracycline concentrations in vaginal secretions. These concentrations varied from 0.6 to 6.5 microgram/ml in 19 women who had had sexual contact with a man with non-specific urethritis and who were taking oxytetracycline dihydrate 250 mg four times daily. They were well in excess of the minimum inhibitory concentration of oxytetracycline (0.2 microgram/ml) for the strains of Chlamydia trachomatis isolated from the patients with positive culture results. Thus, oxytetracycline 250 mg four times daily appears to be a satisfactory regimen for the treatment of chlamydial genital infection in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Synovial cellular immune response to bacterial pathogens in patients with chronic juvenile arthritis].

Juvenile chronic arthritis is a heterogenous disease with an ill-defined pathogenesis. In our study, synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood (PB) of 70 children with oligoarthritis were investigated; bacteria-specific lymphocyte proliferation and antibodies to arthritogenic bacteria were determined. Specific cellular immune responses in SF but not in PB were found in 4/7 patients with either Lyme- or reactive arthritis (60%). In comparison, in subgroup JCA II (n = 45) encompassing mainly elder HLA B27 positive boys, a specific response in SF but again not in PB was detected in 10 children to Yersinia enterocolitica (YE), in four children either to Borrelia burgdorferi (BB) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and in one child to Campylobacter jejuni (CJ). In contrast, in subgroup JCA I (n = 17) encompassing mainly young ANA-positive girls with chronic iridocyclitis, no specific response was found. The correlation of the synovial cellular and the humoral immune responses was 100% in the case of BB and 50% for YE; no antibodies against CT or CJ were detectable. Neither specific cellular nor humoral immune responses were detected against Salmonella or Shigella. We conclude that, in the pathogenesis of some patients with JCA, bacterial microbes have a triggering role. Mainly YE, but also BB and CT are responsible for cases of JCA in which no symptomatic infection preceded.

Adolescent↗