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Biomedical subjects

J Treisch

Publications and source records attributed to J Treisch.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A histologically controlled study of the value of sonography and palpation for the detection and exclusion of neck lymph node enlargements and metastases].

Preoperative evaluation of cervical lymph nodes by ultrasound and palpation was compared retrospectively in 123 patients with tumours on the head and neck. The diagnostic accuracy was higher by ultrasound (96.5%) than by palpation (85.5%). Hence, the sensitivity for detecting cervical metastases was also higher for ultrasound than for palpation (96% versus 83%), because of the reduced false negative findings. Specificity, however, was higher for palpation (82%) than for ultrasound (74%). Ultrasound was superior in delineating the relationship of metastases to adjacent tissues (vessels). Major disadvantages of ultrasound were the higher percentage of false positive findings (26%) and absence if delineation of the relationship to bony structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A comparison of the quantified determination of the echogeneity of the liver by ultrasound and the density of the liver by CT].

A defined region of the right lobe of the liver was measured by grey scale analysis based on similar presets according to a manual input of a Region of Interest (ROI). During 20 days, the livers of healthy subjects were tested by this method in order to test the reproducibility of the results. By prospective studies, the livers of 30 patients were examined by ultrasound and CT regarding the determination of the extent of their fatty liver disease. The value of the density of liver was determined in Hounsfield units (HU). Both methods lead to parameters that characterise the fatty content of the liver. Statistic analysis shows acceptable correlation of both methods. By means of grey scale analysis in ultrasound measurements it is possible to estimate the extent of the fatty content of liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Characteristics of intracranial meningioma imaged by magnetic resonance tomography].

Twenty-three patients with intra cranial meningiomas were examined by means of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). In 13 patients the paramagnetic contrast medium gadolinium DTPA was used. Meningiomas show only slight changes in signal intensity compared with brain in the spin-echo mode, the greatest contrast being found on photon density images (TR 1600 ms, TE 35 ms). In T1 images, more than 50% patients showed a low signal margin between tumour and brain, Hyperostosis of the calvarium is easily recognised, but MRT is unreliable for showing tumour calcification. After intravenous injection of gadolinium DTPA, there was marked homogeneous uptake in the meningiomas. These signs are useful for the diagnosis of a meningioma by MRT.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous angiomas.

Eight patients with angiographically confirmed arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were studied by CT and MRI. MRI scans were performed with a 0.35 Tesla wholebody scanner using three spin-echo sequences (SE 400/35, SE 1600/35, SE 1600/70). In CT and MRI, pathological findings were obtained in all cases. In MRI AVMs were displayed as lesions of low signal intensity in the applied sequences. Full extent of the lesions as well as the relationship to the surrounding structures were clearly demonstrated in MRI in all patients. Based on the characteristic sequence dependent signal intensity property of the lesions, the differential diagnosis in the sense of an AVM could be obtained by MRI in all cases. Concerning topographical imaging and/or differential diagnosis, MRI was superior to CT in 4 out of 8 cases. MRI offers advantages in the demonstration of AVMs of the cerebral midline, especially in brain stem angiomas.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

CT of the postoperative lumbar spine: the value of intravenous contrast.

Sixty-five patients with recurrent radicular complaints after operation for lumbar disc herniation underwent CT examination before and after intravenous contrast application (volume: 1.5-2.0 ml/kg body weight; flow rate: 0.35 ml/s). Postsurgical hypertrophic scar tissue showed definite contrast enhancement, whereas disc herniation remained unenhanced. Intravenous contrast application is recommended in patients previously operated upon for disc herniation.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1986

[Indications for magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral diseases. Report of experiences with 1200 cases].

The current paper is a review of our experience of 1200 examinations of the brain, using magnetic resonance tomography (MRT), derived from a mixed neurological and neuro-surgical clinic. MRT has advantages in localisation and tissue characterisation. Localisation is improved by the ability to obtain coronal and sagittal images and by the absence of artifacts due to bone in lesions in the middle and posterior fossa. Some tissues and structures (blood, fat, vessels) produce relatively characteristic signals on MRT, which may be important in clinical diagnosis (eg. chronic subdural haematoma). A significant advantage of MRT is its excellent contrast resolution of soft tissues; this results in better demonstration of normal brain anatomy (eg. corticomedullary contrast), areas of demyelinisation (eg. multiple sclerosis) and certain cerebral tumours (eg. astrocytomas). On the basis of our experience, certain indications are defined, depending on the physical characteristics of the method; these are illustrated by clinical examples.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Spondylolysis and -listhesis. A computed tomographic differential diagnosis of lumbar discopathy].

Spinal CT scans of 680 patients with suspected disc herniation were reviewed to detect lumbar spondylolysis. In this group of patients, 3.23% (n = 22) had pars interarticularis defects at L4 or L5. Disc herniation at the interspace of the pars defect was seen in 27.27% (6/22) of patients with spondylolysis. Using Meyerding's method, which measures the degree of vertebral forward dislocation, grade 2 and grade 3 spondylolisthesis were most often seen. While moderate and severe spondylolisthesis can be already detected via lateral localiser image (scout view), pars defects with only little forward dislocation can be easily underdiagnosed. Sources of diagnostic error are: 1. an atypically posterior disc margin which extends beyond only one vertebral body and presents the appearance of disc herniation, 2. pars defects simulating the adjacent facet joints involve the risk of overlooking spondylolysis, 3. CT sections made through the intervertebral discs and facet joints only, may fail to show up the pars defect 10 or 15 mm above the disc plane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Magnetic resonance tomography in syringomyelia].

Thirteen patients with a clinical diagnosis of syringomyelia were examined by nuclear tomography (0.35 T magnet) in the spin-echo mode. In all thirteen patients, the T1 images (SE 400/35) showed a longitudinal cavity with a signal intensity of CSF. The shape and extent of the syrinx could be adequately demonstrated in 12 of the 13 examinations. Downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils was seen in eight cases. The examination took between half and one hour. Advantages of magnetic resonance tomography (nuclear tomography) include the absence of artifacts, images in the line of the lesion and its non-invasiveness.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Intravenous administration of contrast medium during computed tomography (CT) of the operated lumbar spine].

In 35 patients with recurrent radicular complaints which occurred 4 weeks to 38 months after operation for lumbar disc herniation, the degree of contrast enhancement of hypertrophic scar tissue was examined. All patients were scanned before and immediately after intravenous contrast application (volume: 1.5-2.0 ml/kg body weight, flow rate: 0.35 ml/sec). In 83% of the cases hypertrophic scar tissue did show definite contrast enhancement, whereas disc herniation remained unenhanced. Comparison between contrast enhancement and age of scar tissue produced poor correlation (r = 0.3012) with older scarring showing a trend towards lower enhancement levels. In cases where morphologic and topographic criteria in plain CT examination fail to yield a diagnosis, intravenous contrast application is recommended. Our data indicate that even those patients might benefit from the procedure who have been operated upon for disc herniation several months or years ago.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Suspected herniated disk--differential diagnostic case studies by lumbar CT].

The most common reason a patient is referred for spinal CT examination is to exclude a ruptured intervertebral disc. Besides nerve root entrapment due to herniated disc, a number of unusual or unexpected conditions have been encountered in the course of CT lumbar spine studies. These include spondylolisthesis, spinal dysraphism, Paget's disease, and inflammatory, neoplastic, or metastatic lesions. The application of spinal (small-circle) target imaging includes the risk to overlook soft tissue lesions that extend beyond the reconstruction circle. Therefore, complete (large-circle) circumferential abdominal scanning is recommended in case of a suspected extraspinal cause of sciatica.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Possibility of error and difficulties in the computerized tomographic diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disk prolapse].

In 310 computed axial tomograms of the lumbar spine which were studied retrospectively a number of pitfall situations were encountered. These in part were related to technical limitations, in part to degenerative joint disease and to postoperative hypertrophic scar formation. It became evident that the position of the disc within the intervertebral space may vary to a certain degree, a phenomenon not to be mistaken for disc protrusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Computer tomographic diagnosis of spinal injuries].

The examination of patients with spinal trauma by computed tomography offers a direct view into the spinal canal. A stenosis of the spinal canal by fragments of a fracture or haematoma is recognized easily; myelography has become redundant. For the injured patient computed tomography is connected with only a minimal risk.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1982

[The diagnosis of lumbar disc prolapse--computer tomographic and myelographic findings (author's transl)].

Seventy-seven patients with back pain and suspected disc prolapse were examined by computer tomography, and 41 have in addition myelograms. In 26 patients surgery was performed. The accuracy of computer tomography in the diagnosis of disc prolapse was greater than 86%, with additional myelography it was greater than 95%. Difficulties in diagnosis using computer tomography were encountered with recurrent disc prolapses. CT of the disc should be performed with a high resolution scanner using a slice thickness of 2 mm before myelography is considered. Definitely abnormal CT findings make myelography unnecessary.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer tomographic evaluation of the lumbar syndrome in the degeneratively changed lumbar spine].

Computed axial tomograms of the lumbar spine of 318 patients suffering from "sciatica" were studied retrospectively. In 66% of these substantial evidence of degenerative disease of the spine was present. This condition, if severe, may produce confusing scan data and consequently complicate the diagnosis of disc herniation. The phenomenon of posterior hypertrophic osteophyte formation being associated with disc herniation is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lesions of skull base observed on high resolution computed tomography. A comparison with magnetic resonance imaging.

Forty patients with tumors involving the skull base were selected on the basis of findings at high resolution computed tomography (CT). The reliability of demonstrating bony lesions with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT were compared. CT showed osseous lesions of the skull base better than MRI but was less sensitive in evaluating an associated inflammatory reaction or in defining intracerebral infiltration. Small cortical lesions were only demonstrable with CT. MRI was superior in defining the full extent of soft tissue infiltration. Arterial encasement was observed at MRI. The special advantage of Gd-DTPA lies in the additional possibility to differentiate vessels from tumor-like lesions and in en plaque tumors.

Adolescent↗