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J Tricoire

Publications and source records attributed to J Tricoire.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[TSH, FT4 and T3T evaluation in normal and preterm hospitalized newborns].

UNLABELLED: Thyroid hormones are essential for foetus and newborn development. Preterm newborns present low levels for thyroid hormones. These low levels are related with disorder in psychomotor and neurological development. In the literature, several studies concerning newborns treated with thyroid hormone have been realized in different conditions; however, there is no consensus about preterm newborn supplementation benefit. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to defined hormonal values used for normal and preterm newborns. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reported TSH, T3T and T4L levels for 195 normal or preterm newborns, eutrophic or small for gestational age (SGA). RESULTS: A positive correlation was found between hormonal level and gestational age. This work allowed us to define a threshold for preterm newborn according to their gestational age. CONCLUSION: Owing to lack of consensus, those values are useful for clinical and biological follow-up of thyroid function for newborns at risk (SGA and preterm before 32 weeks) during the first year of life. Finally, it would be interesting to study systematic supplementation of thyroid hormone for those infants in a prospective study.

Gestational Age↗
PubMed1999

22q11 deletion in DGS/VCFS monozygotic twins with discordant phenotypes.

22q11.2 deletion is a common genetic disorder characterised by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. To date no simple genotype-phenotype correlation has been established. Moreover, several reports have mentioned phenotypic discordance between monozygotic twins. No definite mechanism has been demonstrated and mosaicism, a postzygotic second hit, environmental effects and chance events have been proposed. The twinning process itself has been suspected in two cases (11, 23). We report the case of monozygous twins with a 22q11.2 deletion who are discordant for a heart defect. We found no arguments for mosaicism or twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. The frequent discordance for heart defects in DiGeorge/Velo-cardio-facial syndromes (DGS/VCFS) does not favour the hypothesis of somatic mutations contributing to the phenotypic variation, but rather a complex interaction between genetic and environmental systems.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1998

Molecular evidence for mother-to-child transmission of multiple variants by analysis of RNA and DNA sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

We have examined the viral selection that may occur during transmission by studying the env gene sequences from four cases of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The V3 region sequences were directly amplified from both plasma viral RNA and peripheral blood mononuclear cells containing proviral DNA from mothers at delivery and at the time of diagnosis for children. Transmission occurred perinatally in three cases. The similarity of the viral sequences in each infant sample contrasted with the heterogeneous viral populations in the mothers. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the transmission of one or a few closely related maternal minor virus variants. In contrast, the child virus population in the fourth case was as heterogeneous as that of his mother, and phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested the transmission of multiple maternal variants. This case of multiple transmission was confirmed by analyzing sequences obtained at three times after delivery. Strains with sequences corresponding to the syncytium-inducing phenotype were also transmitted in this fourth case, and this was associated with the rapid development of disease in the child. There was no evidence for transmission of particular viral variants from mother to infant. We have thus described a particular case of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission with the transmission of multiple maternal variants to the infant and a rapid, fatal outcome in the child.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 are regulated differently in small-for-gestational-age and appropriate-for-gestational-age neonates.

Growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were measured in 90 neonates during the first 5 days of life. Twenty-six small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates were compared with 64 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates. There were no differences in nutritional status between the 2 groups. Mean GH levels were significantly higher in the SGA group (53.4 +/- 30.8 vs. 39.9 +/- 23.3 microg/l; p < 0.05). In both groups GH levels correlated with birth weight (expressed as SDS) but not with gestational age. IGF-I levels were significantly lower in SGA neonates (6.6 +/- 4.0 vs. 11.7 +/- 8.2 ng/ml; p < 0.01). In SGA neonates with short stature, IGF-I levels were lower and GH levels were higher than in normal stature SGA neonates. IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in SGA neonates than in AGA neonates (0.72 +/- 0.40 vs. 0.98 +/- 0.43 microg/l; p < 0.01). IGF-I and IGFBP-3 correlated with gestational age in AGA but not in SGA neonates and there was no correlation with birth weight in either group. Our data provide evidence for a graduation in the severity of impact of fetal 'malnutrition' on the somatotropic axis and on intrauterine growth. The most severe state (SGA with short stature) was associated with a GH-resistance syndrome, characterized by very low IGF-I levels and high GH levels.

Body Height↗
PubMed1996

Separation between HIV-positive women and their children: the French prospective study, 1986 through 1993.

OBJECTIVES: We studied the risk and circumstances of separation (due to either maternal death or drug use) between women infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and their children. METHODS: This analysis was based on the French Prospective Study of Infants Born to HIV-seropositive Women (1986 through 1993). Data recorded at each follow-up visit included the mother's effective presence with the child and the child's care after separation. RESULTS: A child's cumulative risk of long-term or permanent separation from his or her mother was 37% at 60 months. Maternal drug use was associated with an added risk during the child's first years (adjusted relative risk [RR]=3.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.3, 5.0). The risk among drug users was even higher when the mother used injection drugs during pregnancy (adjusted RR=2.9, 95% CI=1.9, 4.3). Risk of early separation related to drug use tended to diminish since survey initiation. After separation, 57% of the children were placed through child welfare services and 43% were cared for by relatives. CONCLUSIONS: In the French Prospective Study, 2% to 3% of HIV-infected children were separated each year from their mothers as a result of the mothers death from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Separations related to drug use have decreased over the years, and the family is becoming the most frequent carer after separation.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1996

[Prophylactic cesarean section and HIV seropositive patients].

OBJECTIVES: HIV infection among children is essentially related to perinatal transmission. It seems the contamination occurs late in the pregnancy or during the labor. The benefits of cesarean section in HIV-infected women has to be examined. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective survey of all deliveries of 292 HIV-infected women, of the newborns and of the impact of different ways of delivery on transmission risks. 164 women had a pregnancy lasting more than 28 weeks, 27 underwent a cesarean section. RESULTS: 22.2% of patients who underwent a cesarean section contaminated their child, 25.2% among vaginal deliveries. No significant association was found between HIV transmission and delivery mode. CONCLUSION: We outline the necessary elements for the conduct of a conclusive efficacy trial of operative versus vaginal delivery.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1995

Maternal factors associated with perinatal HIV-1 transmission: the French Cohort Study: 7 years of follow-up observation. The French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group.

A nationwide, longitudinal study of infants born to human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive mothers has been under way in France since 1986. After 7 years of follow-up observations, we will update our assessment of the transmission rate in France and analyze, on a larger number of mother-infant pairs, the influence of maternal factors. Among the 848 pairs included in this analysis, the transmission rate was 20.2 +/- 2.7%. The transmission rate has remained stable with time and was not influenced by the mode of delivery, the mode of maternal infection, or the mother's ethnic origin. It was twice as high among the breast-fed infants as among the bottle-fed infants (40 vs. 19%, p < 0.04). Two factors were identified in a multivariate analysis (that did not include lymphocyte subset counts and the mode of feeding) as being associated with an increased risk of maternofetal transmission: p24 antigenemia (odds ratio = 3.1, confidence interval, = 1.5-6.2; p < 0.003) and elevated maternal age (p < 0.05). In the subgroup of 277 women whose absolute CD4+ lymphocyte counts at the time of delivery were available, the risk of transmission increased gradually from 15% of counts of > 600 CD4+ cells to 43% at counts of < 200. The risk of transmission was also related to the percentage of CD8+ cells, but each of the two factors seemed to play an independent role: the risk was lowest (12%) when the CD4+ cell count was > 500 and the proportion of CD8+ cells was < or = 40%, and was highest (50%) for values < 200 and > 40%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Apropos of a fatal case in the neonatal period due to acute hemolysis with hepatic failure].

BACKGROUND: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria, an autosomal recessive disease, is characterized by deficiency of uroporphyrinogen III synthase. Clinical variability of the disease is related to the different mutations found in the patients. CASE REPORT: A newborn suffered one hour after birth from jaundice and polypnea with acute hemolysis. Severe cutaneous photosensitivity occurred after phototherapy. Congenital erythropoietic porphyria was suspected because of reddish-colored urine and confirmed by porphyrin analyses. The baby died one month later due to severe hemolytic anemia with hepatic failure. Uroporphyrinogen III synthase activity was decreased by 99% in bone marrow cells and established lymphoblastoid cells from the patient. Molecular biology studies demonstrated the presence of the Cys 73-->Arg substitution at the homozygous state in the patient. CONCLUSION: This mutation, the most frequently found in this disease, is responsible for a severe phenotype. Molecular characterization provides genotype/phenotype correlations in this porphyria and allows to clarify unusual cases of porphyrias.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Micronutrient levels in HIV-1-infected children.

OBJECTIVE: Micronutrients (zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin A, E, and carotenoids) are essential for the integrity of host defences. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of abnormalities of the micronutrient levels in HIV-1-seropositive children. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: The study was performed on HIV-1-infected children at the Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Unit of Toulouse Hospital, France. PATIENTS: Twenty-one children, suffering from HIV-1 infection and 21 control subjects of similar age (2-9 years) were included in the study. In the HIV-1-infected children, two subgroups were considered according to stage (non-AIDS or AIDS), based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1987 criteria. RESULTS: The first statistically significant deficiencies occurred at non-AIDS stage and were confirmed at AIDS stage: P < 0.05 for lycopene, retinol, tocopherol and P < 0.001 for transthyretin and serum albumin. Levels of copper (40%) and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (21%) were higher in the non-AIDS group than the controls. CONCLUSION: Biological impairing of the micronutrient levels was observed in the non-AIDS stage without clinical sign. This information is useful in delineating eventual and well considered nutritional intervention strategies that may improve the clinical status of HIV-1-infected children and perhaps alter the course of their disease.

Carotenoids↗
PubMed1994

Relation of the course of HIV infection in children to the severity of the disease in their mothers at delivery.

BACKGROUND: Among infants with maternally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, there are two patterns of disease progression. In about a fifth of these infants there is a rapid progression to profound immunodeficiency, whereas in the majority the disease progresses much more slowly. METHODS: We studied the clinical and biologic characteristics of the mothers of infants infected with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in the French Prospective Multicenter Cohort. Infection in the children was confirmed by serologic tests at the age of 18 months or by death from the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at an earlier age. Only the 162 infected infants who could be followed for at least 18 months or until death were included in the analysis. RESULTS: The risk of opportunistic infections or encephalopathy in the first 18 months was 50 percent in the infants of mothers with class IV disease, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification, and 14 percent in the infants of mothers with class II or III disease (relative risk, 3.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8 to 7.3; P < 0.002). Forty-four percent of the former infants and 9 percent of the latter died before 18 months (relative risk, 4.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.1 to 10.4; P < 0.002). The risk of death correlated inversely with the mother's CD4+ cell count and directly with her HIV-1 p24 antigen level at delivery. There was also a direct correlation between the mother's CD4+ cell count and that of the infant at one, three, and nine months of age (correlation coefficient at nine months [n = 44], 0.48; P < 0.002). HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected more often in the infants whose mothers also had the antigen. CONCLUSIONS: In infants whose HIV infection is maternally acquired, the rate of disease progression varies directly with the severity of the disease in the mother at the time of delivery.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1993

[Malignant neonatal tumors].

Malignant neonatal tumors are rare (2% of childhood cancers, 1-2 cases/30,000 births). However, specificities in diagnosis and therapy must be underlined at this period of life; furthermore, the possibilities of antenatal sonographic diagnosis are improving and it may contribute to increase their incidence. Topographic analysis allows etiologic investigations since these tumors have the same diagnostic features as compared with older children, except Pepper's syndrome and leukemias. Therapeutic management depends on a rather good prognosis and fragility of such newborn. Indeed, surgical excision is the main step of treatment. Radiotherapy must be avoided whenever possible. Chemotherapy may be indicated (metastatic or unresectable tumors, omission or delay of irradiation in brain tumors) and has to be elaborated cautiously, according to the peculiar physiology of the neonate. Whatever the therapeutic strategy is, neonatal homeostasis must be well balanced, which implies a multidisciplinary specialized team. Respecting these conditions will help to cure more than the present 50% and better for future well being of such children.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Familial cystic hygroma. Report of 8 cases in 3 families.

The authors report 8 cases of familial cystic hygroma concerning 3 families. In the first family, the two affected fetuses with normal karyotypes showed cystic hygroma of the neck associated with campomelic long bone disease. No other fetal anomalies in the two fetuses were found in the second family, and only one of the four abortuses revealed associated malformations (meningomyelocoele, cleft palate) in the third family. In all these cases, parental consanguinity is found, supporting an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

[Longitudinal evaluation of lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulins in infants born to HIV seropositive mothers].

Early predictive factors of HIV infection in infants born to HIV infected mothers were carried out to evaluate the roles of immunological parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of HIV infection. T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulins were studied on cord blood in three groups of neonates: 14 infected infants, 29 sero-reverted infants and 31 control neonates. No differences were observed between the three groups. At 3 months, IgG were significantly higher in the infected infants than in sero-reverted infants. After 6 months, CD4 + cell counts, CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly lower in the infected infants and serum IgG, IgA and IgM were significantly higher in the infected group. Antigenemia p24 was detected in 78% of the infected group before 6 months. Total HIV-specific antibody persisted and progressed after 6 months. These data and viral detection appear to be complementary and useful for therapeutic strategies.

Blood Cell Count↗