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Biomedical subjects

J Troost

Publications and source records attributed to J Troost.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Chronic traumatic brain injury in professional soccer players.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of chronic traumatic brain injury in professional soccer players. METHODS: Fifty-three active professional soccer players from several professional Dutch soccer clubs were compared with a control group of 27 elite noncontact sport athletes. All participants underwent neuropsychological examination. The main outcome measures were neuropsychological tests proven to be sensitive to cognitive changes incurred during contact and collision sports. RESULTS: The professional soccer players exhibited impaired performances in memory, planning, and visuoperceptual processing when compared with control subjects. Among professional soccer players, performance on memory, planning, and visuoperceptual tasks were inversely related to the number of concussions incurred in soccer and the frequency of "heading" the ball. Performance on neuropsychological testing also varied according to field position, with forward and defensive players exhibiting more impairment. CONCLUSION: Participation in professional soccer may affect adversely some aspects of cognitive functioning (i.e., memory, planning, and visuoperceptual processing).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The influence of head position and head position change on spontaneous body posture and motility in full-term AGA and SGA newborn infants.

No consensus exists concerning the influence of head position and head position change on body posture and motility. Especially the existence of an asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR) in full-term newborns is an issue of discussion. Three-hour video recordings were made of 15 full-term appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 15 full-term small for gestational age (SGA) infants between the third and eight postnatal day. During a playback of the video recording head position, head position change and several movement patterns of the four limbs were fed into a computer using an event-detecting program. Furthermore, spontaneous head turnings were selected and body posture just before, immediately at and 1 min after the head turning were sketched. The data were analyzed concerning: (1) influence of head position on symmetry of movement of the four limbs; (2) the existence of an ATNR and ATNR-related patterns. In both AGA and SGA infants all movement patterns except hand-face and hand-mouth contact showed a symmetrical distribution, independent of head position. Furthermore, the occurrence of an ATNR following a spontaneous head turning in both AGA and SGA infants was rare. From our results it may be concluded that the ATNR is rare in full-term AGA and SGA newborns. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that head position is not a major factor influencing quantitative aspects of spontaneous motor behaviour. The results are of clinical importance as they imply that in the examination of the neurological condition of the full-term newborn infant by means of observation of spontaneous posture and motility, head position is not of major importance.

Functional Laterality↗
PubMed1997

Epilepsy in a Dutch working population: are employees diagnosed with epilepsy disadvantaged?

The present study was designed to determine whether employees diagnosed with epilepsy, in contrast to comparable colleagues, encounter disadvantages in their professional careers. Attention was focused on education, job training, number of jobs performed, sickness absenteeism, accidents at work and wages. A group of 34 employees diagnosed with epilepsy was selected and compared with matched, non-epileptic colleagues. Slight differences between both groups were found for all items except for education. Only for wages was a statistically significant difference found. It is concluded that workers diagnosed with epilepsy and comparable colleagues both received the same educational and vocational training in order to reach their position. The data did not substantiate the proposition that employees diagnosed with epilepsy have poor attendance records, higher number of accidents in the workplace or that they are at a disadvantage in securing a job. However their salaries appear to be lower than the earnings of colleagues who hold comparable jobs.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1994

[Value of treatment of low-grade glioma still controversial].

There is debate in the literature on the treatment of low-grade glioma, especially regarding the role of radiotherapy. Several retrospective analyses have demonstrated longer survival and delayed tumour recurrence in patients treated with radiotherapy. However, radiotherapy may bring about adverse events, especially in long-term survivors. In four patients, a women of 54 and three men of 51, 31 and 16 years old, a low-grade glioma was diagnosed. In three, expectative therapy, combined with antiepileptic drugs, or with radiotherapy and partial tumour resection (n = 1) led to a period of many years without symptoms. In the fourth, total tumour resection followed by radiotherapy did not prevent recurrence of the tumour and death of the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Cervical myelopathy as complication of manual therapy in a patient with a narrow cervical canal].

A 31-year-old man had manipulative therapy because of pain in the neck, the left shoulder and the left arm. Immediately after cervical traction he developed neurological symptoms. Clinical investigation led to the diagnosis of cervical myelopathy. The patient had a rather narrow cervical canal. Six weeks after treatment with external fixation and corticosteroids the situation had improved markedly, with remaining hypesthesia in both hands and the right leg.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile spasms.

The anti-epileptic effect of vigabatrin as a first choice therapy was investigated in 6 children suffering from infantile spasms (IS). All 6 children showed a reduction in seizure frequency. Three children became seizure-free within a period of 2 weeks. Because our results suggest "an all or nothing phenomenon", a period of 2 weeks may be sufficient to evaluate the efficacy of vigabatrin in untreated infants suffering from IS. We suggest to use vigabatrin as a first choice anti-epileptic drug in infants with IS.

Aminocaproates↗
PubMed1993

Gammahydroxybutyrate and narcolepsy: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.

We treated 24 patients with narcolepsy for 4 weeks with gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB), 60 mg/kg/night, in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Both clinical and polysomnographic criteria were used to assess the results. Compared to placebo, GHB reduced the daily number of hypnagogic hallucinations (from 0.87 to 0.28; p = 0.008), daytime sleep attacks (from 2.27 to 1.40; p = 0.001) and the severity of subjective daytime sleepiness (from 1.57 to 1.24 on a 0-4 scale; p = 0.028). The number of daily cataplexy attacks was reduced from 1.26 at baseline to 0.56 after 4 weeks of GHB intake. This reduction, however, was not statistically significantly different from the difference between baseline and placebo. GHB stabilized nocturnal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, i.e. it reduced the percentage of wakefulness during REM sleep (p = 0.007) and the number of awakenings out of REM sleep (p = 0.016), and tended to increase slow wave sleep (p = 0.053). Adverse events were few and mild. We conclude that GHB is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for narcolepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Generalized mastocytosis and neurological complications in a 71-year-old patient.

A woman born in 1917 presented with recurrent urticaria since childhood. In the course of her life she developed urticaria pigmentosa, followed by generalized mastocytosis involving the bones, gastro-intestinal tract, and liver. At the age of 71 years neurological symptoms of cranial nerves necessitated hospital admission. Within a month a concomitant conus medullaris syndrome caused sphincter dysfunction and sacral sensory disturbances. No cause or secondary abnormalities were found on myelography, CT and MRI of the brain and the spinal cord, and in the CSF.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ritanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor blocker, as add-on treatment in narcolepsy.

In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, ritanserin (a 5-HT2 receptor blocker) 5 mg/day or placebo was added to the usual medication in 28 patients with narcolepsy during 4 wk. The effect was assessed by means of polysomnography, daily and weekly subjective evaluations, and Multiple sleep latency tests (MSLT). During the night ritanserin increased the amount of nonrapid eye movement slow wave sleep and reduced wakefulness after sleep onset. It improved the feeling of being refreshed in the morning after awakening and reduced subjective daytime sleepiness. The drug did not significantly influence sleep latency in the MSLT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

EEG signs of cerebrovascular disorder, using physical exercise as a provocative method.

A group of patients suffering from cerebrovascular insufficiency was submitted to a pilot EEG investigation using physical exercise as a provocative method. Two control groups, one of young (20--30 years) and another of older (more than 50 years) subjects, were also investigated. Quantitative EEG spectral data, determined at rest and during a period after physical exercise, showed that deviations of the frequency distribution of the alpha band were related to cerebrovascular insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Fucosidosis].

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Fabry Disease↗