[CME ultrasound diagnosis 14. Palpable nodes in the neck. Hashimoto thyroiditis with papillary thyroid carcinoma and multiple lymph node metastases in the neck].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Tuma.
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Ultrasound examination is an integral part of nephrologic differential diagnosis in renal parenchymal disease. A systematic recognition of kidney position, size, shape, contour, structural design and renal perfusion lead together with clinical findings in correct direction of differential diagnosis. Unspecific findings exist in many acute renal diseases (large kidney with prominent pyramids and echogenic cortex). In chronic renal diseases the sonomorphology of chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis or analgesic nephropathy are more specific. Diagnosis of renal arterial stenosis is almost possible with duplex ultrasonography. Disturbances of kidney perfusion (infection, infarction) are diagnosed with echocontrast-ultrasonography.
Renal ultrasound examination is an integral part of urologic and nephrologic clinical examination. It brings very useful information about kidney morphology (B-mode) and haemoperfusion (renal color coded duplex ultrasonography). Standard examination technique is required for recognition of normal findings, urinary transport disturbances of diverse causes (stones, intrinsic or extrinsic compression), kidney tumours and kidney injury. Typical ultrasound findings of these abnormalities were demonstrated. Renal ultrasound with new techniques (sono-CT, harmonic tissue imaging, power mode etc.) is for urology and nephrology an indispensable diagnostic method. In combination with patient history, clinical and laboratory examination takes important part in accomplishing the diagnosis.
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