PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J U Prause

Publications and source records attributed to J U Prause.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Amplification of the human putative oncogene INT1 in primary retinoblastoma tumors.

We report the amplification of the putative oncogene INT1 in two of four retinoblastomas. In one case, the INT1 signal was amplified 10 to 15-fold, in the other 100-fold. In both cases there were signs of increased tumor aggressiveness with invasion of the choroid and development of metastases. The two cases without INT1 amplification had neither metastases nor locally invasive growth. Our findings indicate that INT1 amplification may be a feature of increased malignant potential in retinoblastomas.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1987

Tear fluid electrolytes and albumin in persons under environmental stress.

Sixty-two subjects selected among 287 persons with indoor air complaints were exposed to a standard mixture of 22 different organic gases and vapors normally found in Danish houses. Persons were randomly assigned to one of four exposure groups, and each subject stayed during the test day from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM under standardized conditions in a climate chamber. During exposure the blink frequency was recorded, and after exposure the tear fluid contents of serum albumin, potassium, and sodium were measured. It was found that the persons had an increased concentration of serum albumin in the tear fluid, and that exposure to high concentrations of organic gases and vapors induced a tear reflex-mediated dilution of the tears.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical characterization of intraepidermal in vivo IgG deposits in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

68% of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome have previously been found to have intra-epidermal in vivo IgG deposits in clinically unaffected skin. In this investigation, we examined immunohistologically skin biopsies from 5 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and from 5 normal controls in order to characterize further the intra-epidermal IgG deposits. Employing direct immunofluorescence and peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) techniques, IgG was localized to epidermal cell surfaces. Double-labelling immunofluorescence experiments showed IgG to be bound to OKT6-positive Langerhans cells, and to some degree also to keratinocytes. Only IgG1, IgG3 and in one patient IgA were deposited, whereas IgG2, IgG4, IgM, IgD, IgE, C1q, C3c, C3d, C4, beta-2 microglobulin, albumin, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were not found deposited in the intra-epidermal area. The epidermal IgG deposits were reactive with anti-Fc-fragment antibodies and with staphylococcal protein-A. These results are compatible with, although not definitive proofs of, the hypothesis that the in vivo deposited IgG is found in the form of IgG-containing immune complexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of an intraocular retinoblastoma-like tumour.

A transplantable intraocular retinoblastoma-like tumour growing in F 344 rat eyes and tissue cultures suitable for therapeutic experiments is characterized. The tumours grew in the vitreous and infiltrated the internal layers of the retina. Feeder vessels from the retina supplied the tumours. Few and often incomplete rosettes were seen, and calcification was sparse in areas of necrosis. Stainings for glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase and desmin were negative. Ultrastructural analysis brought out a close correspondence between the tumour cell and the human retinoblastoma and other virus-induced retinoblastoma-like tumours. The experimental tumour cells lacked cilia, but had neurosecretory granules. Chromosome analysis showed a modal chromosome number in the triploid range, and 6 marker chromosomes were demonstrated. Flow-cytometric analysis showed a S-phase cell fraction of 42%, and chromosome stability was suggested by a tumour-cell DNA index which remained stable for more than 3 months.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Irreversible immune reactions following keratoplasty. Retrospective clinical and histological evaluation of graft failure in a material of 206 consecutive eyes.

A total of 16/206 eyes in 14/186 patients developed irreversible immune reactions. 15 of the rejected eyes belonged to the 'classical' risk groups, i.e. systemic immune disorders (3/3), metaherpetic keratitis (6/41), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy with inflammation (2/6), non herpetic keratitis with vessel invasion (1/23) and 3 regrafts not included in these groups (a total of 7/31 regrafted eyes rejected). Only 1 rejection occurred in the low-risk groups: an aphakic eye with bullous keratopathy. Histopathological examination revealed that discs which later developed irreversible immune reactions had invariably been grafted in eyes which had vascular invasion and/or inflammation of the recipient cornea. In all, 55/206 eyes ended up with opaque grafts, i.e. irreversible immune reactions were responsible for about one third to one-quarter of the graft failures in the present material. The irreversible immune reactions in the material must be considered 'minimum values', since possible abortive, torpid immune reactions may have escaped recording.

Cornea↗
PubMed1987

Relation between blink frequency and break-up time?

A possible correlation between break-up time (BUT) and blink frequency was investigated in 32 healthy persons (17 females and 15 males) and in 29 patients suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome (27 females and 2 males). A significant negative correlation, was found between BUT and blink frequency. In persons with high BUT, the blink frequency is low, probably just sufficient to prevent spontaneous tear breaks. In persons with low BUT, i.e. the Sjögren patients, the blink frequency is high, and tear fluid breaks are mostly prevented.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Trilateral malignant lymphoma: primary malignant B-cell lymphoma of the eyes and brain. Diagnosis by transvitreal retinochoroidal biopsy.

A 59-year-old woman with therapy-resistant bilateral involvement of posterior uvea and retina of some months' duration was examined. Diagnostic vitrectomy was inconclusive, but subsequent transvitreal retinochoroidal biopsy gave ample material for the immunohistopathological diagnosis of a malignant B cell lymphoma. Despite systemic and intrathecal cytostatics and ocular X-ray therapy, central nervous system involvement was observed 2 months later. The ocular lesions regressed after treatment and have not recurred.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Structure and composition of the inner limiting membrane of the retina. SEM on frozen resin-cracked and enzyme-digested retinas of Macaca mulatta.

After a historical introduction describing previous observations and views on the structure and composition of the internal limiting membrane of the retina (MLI), it is concluded that no definite unifying concept exists concerning the MLI structure. The authors applied frozen resin cracking with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) desiccation on normal and enzyme-digested specimens of monkey retinas. Distinct differences were observed between equatorial, macular, and optic disc regions. The MLI in the equatorial and disc regions was about 70 nm thick with an outer dense, basement membranelike part and an inner, loose fibrillar meshwork fusing with the vitreous fibers. The foveal region was 400 nm thick; the dense outer layer was thicker than normal basement membrane, whereas the inner loose meshwork had only a few fibrils. The enzyme-digestion experiments showed that the fibrillar meshwork consisted mainly of collagen fibers surrounded by predominantly hyaluronic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hexamethyldisilazane in preparation of retinal tissue for scanning electron microscopy.

A new rapid procedure for desiccating frozen resin-cracked retinal tissue for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which permits air-drying was found to compare favorably with tissues prepared by critical-point drying: Retinal tissue was fixed in 4% phosphate-buffered neutral formaldehyde, dehydrated by means of graded ethanol, embedded in Epon, cracked and washed in propylene oxide. For desiccation, the specimens were immersed in hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), air-dried and finally sputter-coated. The method is time-saving, gives extended information in SEM, and the number of good specimens is increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome treated for two months with evening primrose oil.

Twenty-four female and 4 male patients, all fulfilling the Copenhagen criteria for primary Sjögren's syndrome (primary SS), were treated for 8 weeks with evening primrose oil (Efamol). Efamol is a seed oil which consists primarily of the n-6 essential fatty acids (EFA): cis-linoleic acid and gammalinolenic acid (GLA). The investigation was carried out as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial in order to determine whether long-term treatment of patients with primary SS with Efamol would improve the ocular and oral clinical status, and whether the levels of EFA in plasma and erythrocytes increase during Efamol treatment. The objective ocular status, evaluated by a combined ocular score, including the results from Schirmer-I test, break-up time and van Bijsterveld score, improved significantly during Efamol treatment when compared with Efamol start-values (p less than 0.05), but not when compared with placebo values (p less than 0.2). The GLA metabolite and prostaglandin-E1 (PGE1) precursor dihomogammalinolenic acid (20: 3n6, DGLA) increased both in plasma (p less than 0.001) and in erythrocytes (p less than 0.001) during treatment with Efamol. No correlations between objective ocular and oral status and DGLA values in plasma or erythrocytes were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of intraepidermal IgG deposits in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

In order to characterize the pathomechanisms behind intraepidermal in vivo deposits of IgG, which are found in 68% of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (primary SS), skin biopsies and serum from patients with epidermal IgG deposits were examined and compared to normal controls. Double-labelling experiments on skin biopsies, from 5 patients and 5 normal controls, showed that IgG deposits were predominantly located to surface membranes of OKT6 positive Langerhans cells. Only IgG1 and IgG3 were found deposited. Neither IgG2, IgG4, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD, C1q, C3c, fibrinogen, albumin, beta-2 microglobulin nor C-reactive protein were found deposited in the epidermis of patients. Sera from 6 other patients with primary SS were examined for in vitro and in vivo binding of IgG to normal human epidermis. Using the athymic nude mouse/human skin model we were able to show that serum IgG from patients can be experimentally deposited in vivo in human skin transplants, but in vitro binding could not be demonstrated. The Fc-fragments of epidermal IgG were accessible to binding of anti-Fc-fragment antibodies and protein-A. We suggest that IgG-containing immune complexes constitute the intraepidermal IgG deposits seen in patients with primary SS, and that the binding possible is mediated by Fc-receptors of Langerhans cells and keratinocytes.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of Sjögren's syndrome: an overview.

This review focus on the double-blind clinical investigations in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and describe the historical developments. It is divided into two passages--systemic and topically treatment.

Bromhexine↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca with Lacrisert.

A double-blind cross-over comparative study on the effect of Lacrisert versus oculoguttae viscosae and saline has been conducted. Lacrisert is a soluble solid tear substitute which is applied once-a-day. The object was to compare the safety and patient acceptability of Lacrisert and oculoguttae viscosae, and to compare the efficacy of Lacrisert to oculoguttae viscosae and saline. Twenty-nine patients suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome (Copenhagen criteria), 2 male and 27 female, age: median 56 years, range 32-79 years. Lacrisert was applied once-a-day, and saccharose crystals of similar appearance was used as placebo. All patients were treated for 4 periods of 3 weeks: Lacrisert + saline versus placebo + saline and Lacrisert + oculoguttae viscosae versus placebo + oculoguttae viscosae. The patients were examined before entering the study and after each of the 4 periods using: slit-lamp, corneal sensitivity, BUT, Schirmer-1-test and Rose-bengal staining. Comparing Lacrisert to saline a significant improvement in BUT (p less than 0.01) and in Rose-bengal staining (p less than 0.01) was found, whereas other patients were unchanged. Comparing Lacrisert with oculoguttae viscosae no significant difference in clinical parameters could be detected. The patients complained of minor discomfort. Most prominent was a tendency to loose the Lacrisert due to an inadequate solubilisation of the rod caused by the lack of aqueous tears. We conclude that Lacrisert may help patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome provided that they have some secretory capacity left in the tear glands.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1986

Differences between glycoprotein profiles of normal tear fluid and of tear fluid from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

We present a method for tear glycoprotein characterization using lectins as probes. SDS-page of samples is followed by electrophoretic transfer of proteins from gels onto nitrocellulose paper. Biotinylated lectin is overlayed and visualized with avidin-conjugated horseradish-peroxidase. With the use of 10 lectins, pooled samples of normal tears were assayed and compared to pooled samples of tears from patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Significant differences in number of bands, molecular weights and lectin binding capacity were observed between the two tear samples.

Eye Proteins↗
PubMed1986

The effect of bromhexine on the kidney lesions in NZB-NZW-F1 mice.

The NZB-NZW-F1 mice develop a clinical picture resembling SLE and an exocrinopathy resembling Sjögren's syndrome. Three groups of hybrids were treated from their 20th week of age for 10, 17 and 20 weeks (groups 1, 2, 3) with Bromhexine in two different concentrations--6 & 60 mg/kg and placebo. NMRJ mice treated with placebo acted as healthy controls. After the treatment the kidneys were examined by light microscopy. The kidneys exhibited lupus-like lesions. Animals treated with 60 mg/kg Bromhexine for 17 weeks had a significantly lower degree of changes than had the other hybrids.

Animals↗