The effect of cobalt-60 irradiation on monkey mandibles.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J V Fayos
Publications and source records attributed to J V Fayos.
Regression of Hodgkin disease in the mediastinum: a mathematical model.
Twenty-seven patients with mediastinal Hodgkin disease were teated either by radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The rates of tumor regression were measured and were fitted into a three-parameter Gompertzian model. Tumor regression was more pronounced and prompt in patients treated with radiotherapy. The Gompertzian model matched the radiation therapy data closely in the first 90 days after initiation of therapy in cases of approximately equal tumor size.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Pituitary fibrosarcoma secondary to radiation therapy.
A patient who received postoperative radiation therapy for the treatment of a chromophobe adenoma developed a fibrosarcoma of the pituitary gland region 10 years later. A single course of irradiation was given with a total dose to the pituitary of 4092 rad in 21 fractions and 29 days using Cobalt 60 radiation at a source to skin distance of 80 cm.
Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
Treatment of testicular tumors.
A total of 145 consecutive primary testicular tumors were treated with radiation therapy at the University of Michigan Hospital from 1955 through 1974. In patients with seminoma, the 5-year survival rate was 98% for Stage I and 88% for Stage II regardless of whether retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was done. The 5-year survival rate for embryonal carcinoma was 63% for Stage I and 66% for Stage II. For teratocarcinoma it was 100% for Stage I and 54% for Stage II. Adjuvant chemotherapy appeared to be beneficial for patients with Stage II teratocarcinoma but made no difference in patients with embryonal carcinoma.
Adolescent↗
Intracranial ependymomas.
Clinically significant spinal implants develop in intracranial ependymomas. Spinal subarachnoid implants developed in 11 of 32 patients who received local irradiation at the University of Michigan between 1955 and 1972 for intracranial ependymoma. Seven of these patients received spinal axis irradiation for neurological disturbances resulting from the implants, and implants were found in the other 4 patients postmortem. Ten patients had infratentorial tumors, and one had a supratentorial tumor; nine tumors were poorly differentiated, two were well differentiated. The authors conclude that spinal irradiation is required if the tumor is poorly differentiated, or located in the infratentorial fossa.
Adolescent↗
Radiation necrosis of the scalp: a complication of cranial irradiation and methotrexate.
A case of childhood leukemia with a severe skin reaction following a course of medium-dose cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate is presented. Necrosis of the scalp of partial to full thickness resulted. The authors believe potentiation of the radiation reaction by methotrexate was the probable cause.
Child, Preschool↗
The role of radiotherapy in salivary gland neoplasms.
The role of radiation in the treatment of carcinoma of the salivary glands is expanding. It has a definite role in controlling the primary tumor, particularly in those postoperative cases with microscopic residua in the surgical field. Radiotherapy also plays a significant role in controlling the primary tumor in carcinomas that are inoperable or have recurred after surgery. The doses employed must be high (between 6000 and 7000 rads, given over six to seven weeks). The complications are tolerable and depend upon the area irradiated.
Carcinoma↗
Computerized radiation therapy data.
A computer data system by which data from radiation therapy records are stored, corrected, and up-dated continuously as information becomes available is described. Two main programs are involved. A data storage and retrieval system called TAXIR uses a high-level language similar to English and allows display of information in alphabetic or numerical fashion. The other program, MIDAS, is a statistical package designed to perform multiple statistical analyses on the data accumulated on the former program. Both of these programs utilize a logical syntax permitting easy identification and partition of a data set. In addition, several smaller program have been developed to advance survival information in a rapid and reliable way and to obtain information directly from computerized data available at the University of Michigan Cancer Follow-Up Unit. Programs to obtain life tables or graphs on survival or reactivation of neoplasms have been developed. Stress is placed on the development of a strategy to obtain the maximum accurate information with a minimum input. The development of suitable coding sheets including appropriate diagnoses and tumor classifications is discussed. The importance of keeping a continuous up-to-date flow of information is stressed.
Computers↗
Carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Influence of dose and volume irradiated on survival.
Two groups with comparable bladder carcinoma were selected from 249 patients treated with telecobalt therapy from 1955 through 1971. Group I received a mean isocentric dose of 6,060 rads in six weeks to an average volume of about 1,050 cm3 within the 90% isodose lines; Group II received a mean isocentric dose of 6,542 rads in six and one-half weeks to a volume of approximately 1,700 cm3. Overall five-year survival rates were 12.6% (+/- 5.4) in Group I and 25.5% (+/- 4) in Group II, with improvement being most marked in patients with advanced stages of disease. Results show that when the dose was increased and a larger volume of pelvic tissue was irradiated, the five-year survival rate improved.
Adenocarcinoma↗
An after loading colpostat (using standard source tubes).
An afterloading system for the treatment of gynaecological patients is described. It uses a rigid tandem to which afterloading colpostats are attached. The catheters for afterloading the colpostats are flexible thus minimizing patient discomfort. A constant 90 deg. alignment of source tubes between the uterine tandem and colpostats is achieved.
Cesium Radioisotopes↗
Effects of radiation therapy on growing long bones.
Characteristic radiographic changes were seen in six of 14 children who received radiation therapy to the epiphyseal plate of a long bone. These changes, which include metaphyseal sclerosis, metaphyseal fraying, and epiphyseal plate widening, resemble rickets. In three patients, these changes were followed by development of a broad metaphyseal band of increased density. The absence of metaphyseal changes may indicate sterilization of cartilage cells and may be predictive of significant limb shortening.
Adolescent↗
Carcinoma of the endolarynx: results of irradiation.
Irradiation at the University of Michgan in the 1960's was carried out in 192patients with endolaryngeal carcinoma. Thirty-two and 66% of the cases were located inthe supreaglottic and glottic regions respectively. Cases were classified in stages appropiate TNM GROUPING. Results were analyzed with respect to tumor location, size, anddose-time relationship. Early lesions were controlled more often than advanced ones. Radical surgery to the primary and/or neck improved overall survival, which was 89% at 5years for 127 glottic carcinoma cases and 61% for 61 patients with supraglottic tumors. No significant complications were found following radiation therapy.
Aged↗
Analytical approach for depth dose calculations (60Co beams with fixed source-target distance).
A method is described to calculate depth dose distribution to a principal plane using analytical formulas for 60Co teletherapy units and constant source-to-target distance. The formulas were derived from experimental measurements taking into consideration the obliquity of the beam. For the purposes of dose calculation the beam was divided into primary and scattered components. A computer program incorporating the formulas was developed for an IBM 360/67 computer. Dose distributions computed and obtained from experimental measurements were in good agreement. The computer program is now in use for treatment planning, including rotational techniques.
Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
Lymphomas: initial reactivation.
A total of 299 patients with Stage IA-Stage IIB nodal lymphoma treated by irradiation were evaluated for initial reactivation. The abdomen was the major site of reactivation for patients with supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease. The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas reactivated in a variable fashion. Reactivation was prompt for patients with reticulum-cell sarcoma and longer for patients with other lymphomas. Initial extranodal manifestations were present in 24%, 51%, and 63% of patients with Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma, and reticulum-cell sarcoma, respectively.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
Primary orbital lymphoma: a radiotherapeutic experience.
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Adolescent↗
Extranodal head and neck lymphomas: result of radiation therapy.
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Adolescent↗