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J V Lewis

Publications and source records attributed to J V Lewis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Axotomy-induced loss of m2 muscarinic receptor mRNA in the rat facial motor nucleus precedes a decrease in concentration of muscarinic receptors.

The abundance of muscarinic receptors and m2 muscarinic receptor mRNA in the facial nuclei of rats was evaluated by autoradiographic procedures at various times up to 14 days after transection of the right facial nerve. Receptors were labelled by in vitro incubation of brain sections with L-[3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate, while in situ hybridization with a 35S-labelled oligonucleotide was used to identify m2 muscarinic receptor mRNA in neighbouring sections. The right and left facial nuclei of non-operated control rats appeared equivalent in abundance of muscarinic receptors (359 +/- 8 versus 376 +/- 9 fmol per mg tissue, n = 5) and the presence of m2 mRNA. Axotomy had no effect on the concentration of receptors in the contralateral facial nucleus but caused a gradual loss of receptors from the ipsilateral side. No change was detected at 1 day after nerve transection, but a 23% decrease relative to the contralateral facial nucleus had occurred by 3 days. A maximum decrease of 51% was achieved by 1 week after nerve transection. By comparison, m2 mRNA was nearly eliminated from the ipsilateral facial nucleus at 1 day post-taxonomy and remained depleted for the duration of study. Previous work has established that no significant loss of motoneurons occurs within this period. Accordingly, it is postulated that axonal injury inhibits transcription of the m2 muscarinic receptor gene, resulting in a later decrease in muscarinic receptor protein expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after blunt trauma: diagnosis by computed tomography.

The patient described here had bilateral adrenal hemorrhage due to blunt trauma from a motor vehicle accident. At no time during the patient's hospitalization nor in the year since the accident has he had signs or symptoms suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. The diagnosis of adrenal hemorrhage was made on the basis of changes seen on initial abdominal computed tomography. A 26% incidence of adrenal hemorrhage in patients dying after severe trauma has been established from postmortem examinations, but the overall incidence in trauma patients is not known. Abdominal CT scans may show this entity where it otherwise might not be suspected, particularly since adrenal insufficiency is infrequent.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

Rattlesnake bite of the face: case report and review of the literature.

Most poisonous snakebites with envenomation involve the extremities. A case where the bite occurred on the face is presented. Problems in management included marked coagulopathy and prolonged airway compromise, requiring 9 days of nasotracheal intubation. The bite site did not develop necrosis and required only local wound care.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Non-obstructive colonic dilatation in the trauma patient: an analysis of six patients.

Non-obstructive colonic dilatation was diagnosed in six of 13,641 patients admitted to a Level I trauma centre over a 70-month period (incidence, less than 0.05 per cent). Four were older than 60 years, and five required long-term support on a ventilator. Successful treatment depends on expeditious decompression of the dilated colon. Fibreoptic colonoscopy is the recommended method.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

Traumatic disruption of the cervical trachea.

Treatment of a case of traumatic disruption of the cervical trachea has been described. This injury is not common but must be suspected in blunt chest trauma patients, with evidence of possible tracheal obstruction as in this patient. Massive subcutaneous emphysema, large air leaks, and persistent pneumothorax are more common signs of tracheobronchial disruption. Diagnosis can be made with fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and primary repair is the treatment of choice.

Aged↗