[Prostatotomy in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Why?].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
J V Rodríguez
Publications and source records attributed to J V Rodríguez.
Glutathione movements during cold preservation of rat hepatocytes.
In this study we have examined the movements of glutathione (GSH) during cold preservation of rat hepatocytes in University of Wisconsin solution. During the preservation process at a low temperature (4 degrees C), with a high extracellular potassium concentration, an extracellular nondiffusible anion (lactobionate), and a Cl(-)-free medium, there is a depletion of metabolites and the development of a time-dependent injury. Also, there is a loss of GSH that is not compensated by transport or synthesis and is basically due to increased catabolic processes. This sensitizes the cells to different forms of oxidative injury, which can play a negative role during transplantation. The addition of GSH improves liver cell preservation but the mechanism is unclear. To elucidate this process we have isolated hepatocytes and preserved them under different conditions: with or without GSH: in the presence of DL-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthetase, and acivicine to inhibit the ectoactivity of cellular gammaglutamyl transpeptidase; or by obtaining hepatocytes from rats depleted of GSH by an injection of diethyl maleate. Under all these conditions we evaluated the GSH content of the cells during cold storage. We also report the time course of accumulation of [glycine-2-3H]GSH. Our results show that during hypothermic storage in University of Wisconsin solution, hepatocytes are permeable to GSH, and the mechanism involved is a rapid nonsaturable process, with linear dependence of the extracellular GSH concentration. This finding may have valuable applications in the improvement of the delivery of compounds to cells.
Adenosine↗
[Lithiasis in megacalyosis].
OBJECTIVE: To review our series of lithiasis associated with megacalyosis, a rare disease entity. METHODS/RESULTS: The clinical records of patients treated from 1976 to 1994 were reviewed. Of 39 cases of megacalyosis, 27 were associated with lithiasis and was slightly more prevalent in males (59.3%). Struvite and whewelite calculi were more prevalent and 40.7% also had urinary tract infection, E. coli, Pseudomonas and Proteus being the most frequent pathogens. ESWL with hyperhydration was the most frequently utilized treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Megacalyosis is an embryogenic anomaly of Malpighi's pyramids that is associated with lithiasis in 69.2% of our series, frequently localized to the left side. We have found no significant difference according to sex or a hereditary component. IVP is the principal diagnostic method for megacalyosis. The frequent association of urinary tract infection should be taken into account when instituting treatment.
Adolescent↗
[Complete urodynamic office evaluation; a method for the delivery of health care].
INTRODUCTION: The goal of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the complete urodynamic office evaluation. This assistance modality consists on the realisation in the same moment of the clinical chart, physical examination, urodynamic study, report, therapeutic indications, program of other complementary studies, hospitalisation or discharge from the outpatient office. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During 1 year complete urodynamic office evaluation was performed to 100 patients (87 female, 13 male) All patients were directed to our department to perform a urodynamic test, most of them due to incontinence. Different kinds of urodynamic tests were performed in 91 patients, with a medium of 2 studies per test. Abnormalities were detected in 59 cases. RESULTS: After the complete urodynamic office evaluation, 16 patients were programmed for surgery, 26 were discharged from outpatient office, 37 were directed to follow up in the outpatient setting, 2 were hospitalised, and 19 were lost of follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The complete urodynamic office evaluation allowed us to get the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in 98% of patients, employing a standard of 90 minutes. Twenty six percent of patients could be discharged from our center. Sixteen patients were operated on following this unique visit, that means an important reduction in the usual assistance delay.
Adult↗
Experience with lyophilized human dura mater for urethral strictures.
PURPOSE: We report our results using lyophilized human dura mater for urethral strictures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of 131 urethroplasties using lyophilized human dura mater grafts were reviewed. The etiology of the stricture was unknown in most cases and 44.3% had not been previously treated. Mean stricture length was 10 cm. A dura mater patch was used in 124 cases and tubular graft in 7. RESULTS: Average followup was 56.6 months. The overall complication rate during the first month was 16.3%. At 6 months the graft failed in 2 cases and 25.2% had stricture recurrence. Good results were obtained in the longer term in 41.1% of cases, with a high recurrence rate and malignancy in 4 cases (3.2%) which required penectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Despite being a biologically well tolerated material, lyophilized human dura mater is not good for urethral strictures because of the high number of relapses and possibility of malignancy.
Dura Mater↗
Temperature-metabolism relations in the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) model for ulcerative colitis.
Examination of temperature-metabolism relations found no significant differences between thermoregulation of temperature housed laboratory cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) and wild tamarins in Colombia, S.A. The results indicate that tamarins do not acclimate to a temperature environment and are metabolically stressed at Ta less than 32 degrees C. This is consistent with an hypothesis of chronic metabolic stress as a factor in the etiology of cotton-top tamarin colitis, which is restricted to captive populations and not found in wild tamarins.
Acclimatization↗
[Hypothermic preservation of the liver. Evaluation of Eurocollins solution using rats liver slices].
In the present work, we analyze the effects produced by cold ischemia on the liver using Eurocollins solution (EC). This evaluates the function of slices obtained from preserved livers in EC (livers from adult female Wistar rats were used), which were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (KH) for 10 min. and then with cold EC. These livers were stored at 4 degrees C in EC for 7, 24 and 48 hours. At the end of each period of preservation, the livers were sliced and they were incubated 1 hour at 37 degrees C in KH. The following parameters were determined: tissular water distribution and electrolytes content (K+ and Na+), LDH release at the incubation medium, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and urea synthesis. The slices obtained from preserved livers (7 hours), showed an increase of tissular water, expressed by the expansion of the extracellular space, a progressive diminution of tissular K+ content and an increase in TBARS and the LDH release with the increment of the preservation time. No changes in ureogenesis rate were observed. These results suggest that the cold ischemia in EC, in periods that exceed 5 hours, cause, changes in the membrane permeability and severely affects the mechanism of regulation of the tissular volume and may compromise the functional viability of the organ to be transplanted.
Animals↗
[Endoscopy surgery of utriculocele].
Of 12 patients with utriculocele, 6 consulted for sterility and were submitted to endoscopic surgery. Transurethral resection of the utricular capsule removed distal obstruction of the seminal duct in all cases (increased ejaculate volume), in half of the cases sperm density and motility improved, and in 1 case pregnancy was achieved with insemination of capacitated semen (ICA).
Cysts↗
[Usefulness of transurethral resection in cancer of the prostate].
We reviewed the records of 292 patients with prostatic cancer who had been submitted to transurethral resection (TUR) to elucidate the role of endoscopic surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Re-staging TUR permits differentiation between stage A1 and A2 tumors. Of 20 patients classified as having stage A1 tumors, 4 were reclassified as A2 tumors and benefitted from subsequent radical therapy. Endoscopic surgery permitted correction of ureteral obstruction in those with advanced prostatic cancer. In 9 patients with obstructive anuria, percutaneous nephrostomy combined with TUR of the trigone and placement of a double-J catheter achieved ureteric patency; 22% of the patients were alive at 5 years. In 18 patients with obstructive anuria from prostatic cancer (4 stage C, and 14 stage D), TUR of the trigonal angle and placement of a catheter for internal diversion combined with hormone therapy (9 cases) achieved a drop in creatinine levels (9 cases) and a mean survival of 2 years. Patient quality of life was good and no hospitalization was required. TUR affords a fast and safe solution in patients with bladder obstruction from acute (33 cases; 18 stage C and 15 stage D) or chronic (219 patients with advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 16 with transitional cell carcinoma of prostate) urinary retention. In 103 cases, we utilized a technique similar to that employed for resection of benign prostatic hypertrophy; vesicoureteral "funneling" was performed in 132 cases, and a urethral prosthesis was placed in 5. Our results do not corroborate the role ascribed to TUR in tumor dissemination. Of 113 patients submitted to TUR, 38% presented late metastases (mean 33 months). In 80% of the cases, TUR succeeded in eliminating bladder obstruction between 1 to 96 months (mean 21 months), with a very low operative mortality rate (0.8%) and a 44% survival rate for a mean follow-up of 3 years.
Adult↗
[Ureterorenoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Endoscopy↗
Renal and hepatic glutathione pool modifications in response to depletion treatments.
In this study we examined the response of the renal and hepatic glutathione (GSH) pool in rats to drastic GSH depletion treatments. For this purpose, we used a protein-free diet, starvation, and the injection of varying doses of diethyl maleate as depleting agents. We analysed GSH levels in both kidney and liver tissue homogenates after rats were fed a protein-free diet for 2 or 7 days or starved for 1, 2, or 3 days, as well as after diethyl maleate administration in a single maximal dose or in varying doses. The results indicated that the liver GSH pool was always more labile than the kidney GSH pool. Moreover, kidney GSH levels were almost unchanged after 7 days on a protein-free diet or after 2 days of starvation, while liver showed significant changes in GSH levels. When we analysed the repletion rate, kidney had higher kinetic parameters (k = 0.148 h-1) than liver (0.097 h-1). We conclude that efficient mechanisms of maintaining GSH levels exist in the kidney and these may serve to avoid GSH diminution and hence preserve renal function during states of GSH depletion.
Animals↗
Urinary concentrating defect in glutathione-depleted rats.
The effect of an acute depletion of glutathione by diethyl maleate injection on renal concentrating function was examined in rats. The parameters tested were the concentration and dilution of urine, applying conventional clearance techniques. Tissue osmolality and Na+-K+ ATPase activity were also measured. Diethyl maleate treated rats showed a diminished renal glutathione concentration and an impairment in the glomerular filtration rate and in electrolyte and water excretion. Treated rats also showed a diminished urine-to-plasma osmolality ratio as compared with controls. The studies on free water formation revealed a marked difference between groups; these data were supported with a diminished medullary Na+-K+ ATPase and a diminished corticomedullary osmolality gradient in the treated rats. The studies suggest that one area of target cells of glutathione depletion is that of the ascending limb of Henle's loop.
Animals↗
Effect of dietary protein on hepatic handling of sulfobromophthalein.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
[Hepatic function in vivo and in the isolated liver of rats poisoned with parathion].
Enzyme determinations and hepatic histological studies were carried out in normal rats and in rats intoxicated with the organophosphorus pesticide parathion. No significative evidence of hepatocellular damage was seen in parathion -- intoxicated rats as responsible of the impaired bile flow and sulfobromophthalein biliary excretion that were previously reported. On the contrary, the isolated perfused rat liver from normal and intoxicated rats showed a similar behavior when the perfusate flow through the liver was maintained at a similar rate. We conclude that altered hepatic blood flow may be a factor determinant of an impairment of bile flow and of biliary excretion of several organic anions like sulphobromopthalein that were observed in parathion -- intoxicated rats.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Protective effect of glutathione (GSH) over glutathione monoethyl-ester (GSH-E) on cold preservation of isolated rat liver cells.
Hepatocyte suspensions provide a rapid method to determine how hypothermic storage affects liver cell metabolism and viability. We investigated whether reduced Glutathione (GSH) inclusion into a modified University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, has a protective effect over Glutathione derivatives, such as Glutathione-monoethylester (GSH-E), when suspensions of hepatocytes are cold stored for several days. Isolated rat liver cells were cold preserved 96 h in UW, UW plus 3 mM GSH and UW plus 3 mM GSH-E. During the cold storage, not significant changes in cell viability were observed, but the total Glutathione content was higher in systems with extracellular GSH over those with GSH-E or without. After cold storage, the liver cells were gently resuspended in Krebs-Henseleit-1% Albumin and used for 120 min of normothermic (37 degrees C) incubation. We evaluate the functional response of the cells measuring the exclusion of Trypan Blue (TBE). This response was clearly different in preserved cells in presence of GSH. These results indicate a protective role of extracellular Glutathione, due to an accumulation of it, rather than the derivative, for hepatic cell during the cold storage in UW solutions. And also, it is possible to extend experiments with hepatocytes from a single cell isolation over 4 or more consecutive days.
Animals↗
Importance of pH in resuspension media on viability of hepatocytes preserved in University of Wisconsin solution.
The effect of different pH of resuspension media on the viability of hepatocytes preserved (for 96 h at 4 degrees C) in University of Wisconsin solution (UW solution) was analyzed. After this cold resuspension media storage, we evaluated the rewarming step (incubation time 120 min at 37 degrees C) using different pH levels (6.80, 7.00, 7.20, and 7.40). Cell viability assessed by trypan blue exclusion (TBE) showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) for cells incubated at pH = 7.20. For instance, TBE expressed as percent of change was 78.1 +/- 1.4 compared with cells tested at other pH (pH = 6.80, TBE = 44.2 +/- 9.5; pH = 7.00, TBE = 66.5 +/- 1.1 and pH = 7.40, TBE = 62.0 +/- 1.4). We also evaluated the capacity of these cells both to maintain potassium content (0.509 +/- 0.230 microEq. K+/10(6) cells) and to synthesize urea (5.36 +/- 1.81 mumol Urea/10(6) cells). These results were compared with those obtained from freshly isolated non preserved hepatocytes (0.518 +/- 0.060 microEq. K+/10(6) cells and 5.91 +/- 0.43 mumol Urea/10(6) cells). The results show that viability is pH dependent and suggest that when resuspension media were used, the viability of hepatocytes was improved after 96 h of cold storage.
Adenosine↗
Hypothermic storage of periportal and perivenous rat hepatocytes.
High yields of intact parenchymal cells are produced by the two-step Digitonin-collagenase perfusion of whole liver, and it has gained wide acceptance for biochemical and cellular analyses of zonal hepatocytes. The development reached by this methodology is in contrast to the time-limited use of the isolated cells unless those other methods, such as primary cultures, are employed. An alternative option to have cells ready to be used for several days, is the cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution as a preservation solution. This procedure is easy, not too expensive, and does not require specialized equipment. We study the competence of this system to maintain liver cells: mixed or total cells and cell-enriched fractions. We affirm viability of hepatocytes during hypothermic storage (UW-96 h-4 degrees C) by Trypan Blue exclusion, the capacity to retain cytoplasmic enzymes, metabolic competence to maintain total Glutathione content, and immunocytochemistry (gene detection). After 96 h of cold storage, mixed cells and cell-enriched fractions, were submitted to normothermic incubation (120 min, 37 degrees C) and we check Trypan Blue exclusion, cytoplasmic enzyme release, and the capacity of cell populations to synthesize urea. The results show that it is possible to use, after several days of storage, mixed liver cells and cell-enriched fractions in metabolic and gene expression studies. This procedure allows us to reduce the number of experimental animals needed, to save experimental time and costs, and to facilitate further studies in vitro about the basis and consequences of metabolic heterogeneity of the liver cell plate.
Animals↗