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Biomedical subjects

J V Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to J V Rogers.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effectiveness of CT in evaluating intrathoracic masses.

To compare the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) with conventional radiography and conventional tomography for evaluating masses in the thorax, 168 masses, 154 of which were histologically verified, which had been examined with CT were reviewed. In 74 instances (44%) CT provided important additional information compared with conventional radiography. Compared to conventional tomography, CT added important information in 15 (23%) of 65 cases. In no case did CT fail to demonstrate pathology shown with the other two methods. Average radiation dose to the chest was 1.3 rad (0.013 Gy) with CT and 0.4 rad (0.004 Gy) with linear tomography. Although CT is associated with slightly greater radiation dose and cost, this review indicates it should be performed directly after plain film examination instead of conventional tomography when further investigation of an intrathoracic mass is indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Real-time sonography of pleural opacities.

Fifty patients with radiographic pleural or pleural-based opacities were examined with high resolution real-time sonographic sector scanning. In 90% of cases selected for thoracentesis, fluid sufficient for diagnosis was obtained. Complex, septated pleural loculations contained an exudative effusion in 74% of the patients, while anechoic areas yielded exudative and transudative effusions with almost equal frequency. The use of real-time scanning is stressed because of greater flexibility and shorter examination time compared to compound scanning, and its utility for portable scanning on critically ill patients.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1981

Intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants: accuracy in sonographic evaluation.

The real-time high resolution mechanical sonographic sector scanner is a convenient and useful instrument for the detection of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Experience with 27 infants with intracranial hemorrhage detected by sonography and confirmed by computed tomography (CT) or by autopsy is analyzed. The severity of the hemorrhage shown by those methods was graded by an accepted classification for standardized reporting. The extent of intraparenchymal and intraventricular hemorrhage was accurately assessed by sonography in all cases except for small amounts of blood in normal sized ventricles in five of 12 instances. Sonography also failed to detect subarachnoid hemorrhage in each of 13 cases. There were no known false-positive sonograms. From this experience the authors believe sonographic sector scanning should be the initial examination in all infants at high risk for intracranial hemorrhage. When the ventricles are of normal size, CT scanning is recommended to search for small intraventricular hemorrhage that may not be detected by sonography. For subarachnoid bleeding, CT is preferable to sonography.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1981

Real-time sonographic sector scanning of the neonatal cranium: technique and normal anatomy.

A commercially available wide field of view real-time mechanical sector scanner can be used to image the neonatal cranium. Because of the small transducer head size, the open anterior fontanelle can function as an acoustic window. By thus avoiding bone, higher frequency transducers may be used to improve image resolution. Infants may be scanned quickly without sedation in their isolettes in the neonatal intensive care unit. Sterility of the infant environment is maintained by placing the transducer in a surgical glove. Using this technique, detailed normal anatomy can be seen such as vascular structures, caudate nucleus, thalamus, third ventricle, cavum septum pellucidum, and the thalamocaudate notch. Angled coronal and sagittal sonographic anatomy is correlated with neonatal cadaver brain sections sliced in similar planes centered on the anterior fontanelle.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia: angiography, CT, sonography, and scintigraphy.

Eleven patients with focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver underwent a combination of radiologic procedures, including sonography, computed tomography (CT), hepatic scintigraphy, and angiography. This paper describes the radiologic findings in this group of patients and reviews the current literature. In the present series, sonography was the most sensitive (100%) method for detection of focal nodular hyperplasia, while CT was able to detect only seven (78%) of nine cases. Arteriographic findings were felt to be characteristic in nine (82%) of 11 cases. Hepatic scintigraphy demonstrated normal colloid uptake in six (55%) of 11 lesions. In this series, an accurate radiologic diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia was made in 73% of cases. Hepatic scintigraphy is the pivotal examination. Normal colloid uptake by a focal hepatic mass is virtually diagnostic. However, in the patients in whom the colloid scan shows decreased or absent uptake, angiography may show findings diagnostic of focal nodular hyperplasia in up to 75% of cases, thus avoiding the need need for liver biopsy or surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of oxidative species and low-molecular-weight DNA in skin following dermal exposure with JP-8 jet fuel.

Dermal absorption of JP-8 jet fuel can lead to skin irritation within hours after exposure. This study detected the formation of oxidative species and low-molecular-weight DNA in rat skin as potential indicators of JP-8-induced skin injury. At 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after the beginning of a 1-h exposure, skin samples were removed and analyzed for oxidative species formation and low-molecular-weight DNA analysis. At 1, 2 and 4 h, mean oxidative species levels increased significantly (P < 0.05) above unexposed samples. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) low-molecular-weight DNA values were observed at 4 and 6 h compared with unexposed controls. These results demonstrate significant increases in oxidative species and low-molecular-weight DNA levels in the skin following dermal exposure to JP-8. These responses may serve as indicators of skin injury following exposure to JP-8 jet fuel and other volatile chemicals or mixtures.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antenatal ultrasonic evaluation of acardiac monsters.

Acardiac monster represents a rare but serious complication of monozygotic twin pregnancy. Antenatal recognition is important because of accompanying obstetrical problems, including polyhydramnios, dystocia, and uterine rupture. While pathologic findings are varied, characteristic sonographic findings allow accurate prenatal diagnosis. Acardia must be distinguished from sacrococcygeal teratoma, omphalocele and macerated fetus.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraoperative neurosonography: application and technique.

Intraoperative neurosonography was performed in 44 patients with contact transdural or transgyral scanning technique. Localization of intracranial pathology included primary brain tumors (24), metastatic tumors (11), aneurysms (two), abscesses (two), arteriovenous malformation (one), thrombosed arteriovenous malformations (two), and plasmacytoma (one). Sonographic guidance was used in transdural decompression of three cystic lesions, therapeutic and diagnostic aspiration of two abscesses, and biopsy of three solid lesions. The expertise of the physician-sonographer with sonographic equipment facilitates accurate and expedient intraoperative neurosurgical localization of pathology.

Adenocarcinoma↗