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Biomedical subjects

J Vardiman

Publications and source records attributed to J Vardiman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Multiple hemopoietic lineages are found after stimulation of mouse bone marrow precursor cells with interleukin 3.

When the murine T-lymphocyte clone L2 is stimulated with concanavalin A, it secretes at least two distinct factors that affect hemopoietic precursor cells, interleukin 3 (IL3) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). IL3 accounts for approximately 10% of the colony-stimulating activity in L2-cell-conditioned medium. The IL3 secreted by L2 cells is similar antigenically to the IL3 secreted by WEHI-3 cells. Like the IL3 from WEHI-3 cells, IL3 secreted by L2 cells does not bind to DEAE Sephacel and can be separated from the L2-cell GM-CSF, which does bind to DEAE. By assessment of the functional, morphologic, surface phenotypic, and cytochemical characteristics of bone marrow cells 6 days after stimulation with IL3 in liquid culture, four hemopoietic lineages were found, including macrophage, neutrophilic granulocyte, megakaryocyte, and basophil/mast cell. In addition, when bone marrow cells were stimulated with IL3 in semisolid medium, several types of colonies were found, including mixed colonies containing macrophage, megakaryocyte, and granulocyte lineages.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Surface immunoglobulins on hairy cells of 55 patients with hairy cell leukemia.

Surface immunoglobulins (SIg) were determined on peripheral blood samples from 55 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and on hairy cells from spleen preparations of 14 of these 55 patients. The patterns of SIg for HCL was compared to the patterns on peripheral blood leukemic cells from 39 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 15 patients with poorly differentiated lymphocytic (PDL) lymphoma. Of the 55 HCL patients, 42 could be scored for individual heavy and light chains; 16 had only IgG, 14 had two or three heavy chains, 7 had only IgD, and 5 cases had no SIg and were E-rosette negative. This pattern was different from the B-cell pattern in CLL and PDL where there were few cases of IgG alone (5%) and many cases of IgM alone (50%). Surface marker profile did not correlate with survival in any of the sub-groups tested. HCL appears to be a B-cell lymphoproliferative disease in greater than 90% of cases; many combinations of heavy chains with only a single light chain can be demonstrated.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1982

Prognostic significance of posttransfusion hepatitis and chromosomal abnormalities in adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

In a retrospective analysis, we studied the effects of posttransfusion hepatitis (non-A, non-B) and chromosomal leukemia upon the overall times of adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Seventy-two patients treated at the University of Chicago from 1970 to 1981 were evaluable. The complete remission (CR) rate for the entire group of patients was 33%, and the median survival was 246 days. Twenty-eight patients (39%) developed hepatitis, and 42 (61%) did not. The CR rate of the patients with hepatitis was 54%, and the median survival of this group was 615 days. In comparison, the CR rate for those who did not develop hepatitis was 20%, and their median survival was 136 days (p less than 0.0001). The groups were comparable in terms of race, sex, initial hematologic parameters, chromosomal abnormalities, dates of treatment, chemotherapy treatment programs, and French-American-British (FAB) subtype, but the median age of the patients who did not develop hepatitis was higher than that of the others. Patients who had normal karyotypes and who developed hepatitis had the best overall prognosis (median survival of 738 days). Patients with abnormal karyotypes who failed to develop hepatitis had the shortest survival times (median, 124 days). The group of patients who had the longest survival (median, 1130 days) included those over 40 years old, with posttransfusion hepatitis, and with normal karyotypes. The development of posttransfusion hepatitis and the presence of chromosomal abnormalities appear to be important, but opposite, indicators of overall prognosis for patients with ANLL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Prognostic significance of immunological tests in lung cancer.

We performed a battery of tests on peripheral blood samples from 94 patients with lung cancer to determine the extent to which immunological depression was due to abnormal lymphocyte function, as compared to changes in the number of lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood or in the efficiency of purification of cells in Ficoll-Hypaque gradients in preparation for testing. The percentage of lymphocytes in the gradient-derived cell suspension (%LG) was the most informative test. It decreased significantly with advancing stage of cancer and could predict survival of patients with uniform stage. The %LG correlated with survival better than any other test when multivariate analyses of all test combinations were performed. Low values of %LG reflected both the depressed lymphocyte counts and the altered buoyant density of the leucocytes of many patients with advanced cancer. A large proportion of the depression in other immune function tests was statistically attributed to changes in %LG. We concluded that this simple measurement provides valuable information about patients with lung cancer.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1980

Surface immunoglobulin, lectin-induced cap formation, and phagocytic function in five patients with the leukemic phase of hairy cell leukemia.

Hairy cells from 5 patients with greater than 25% hairy cells in the peripheral blood (4 had greater than 45% hairy cells and white blood cell counts (WBC) greater than 10,000/mm3) were studied for surface immunoglobulin (SIg) presence and distribution by two methods, for lectin-induced cap formation, and for phagocytosis of zymosan. Hairy cells from all 5 cases were found to have distinct monoclonal patterns, 2 Gk, 1 MDk, 1 Dk, and 1 GMDk, as well as cap formation with SIg. All 5 cases showed distinct lectin-induced cap formation in a percentage of cells similar to the percentage of hairy cells, and 2 of the 5 patients had hairy cells which phagocytosed zymosan. These findings contrasted with the malignant cells from 4 patients with CLL, which had monoclonal SIg but no SIg cap formation and no significant percentage of lectin-induced cap formation. Cells from 2 cases of T cell lymphomas had no SIg and no lectin-induced cap formation as did cells from 2 cases of non-lymphocytic leukemia. Hairy cells not only appear to have SIg cap formation similar to some B-lymphocytes, which in some patients also phagocytose zymosan, but also demonstrate strong lectin-induced cap formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Evolution of karyotypes in Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Ten of 55 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) diagnosed between 1972 and 1977 were found to lack the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome. Serial clinical, morphologic, and cytogenetic studies of patients with Ph1-negative CML showed that 30% of them had chromosomal abnormalities. Two had an extra chromosome No. 8 at the time of blast crisis, with a morphological picture of myeloblasts in the bone marrow. A third patient had a 6:14 translocation initially Abnormalities of chromosome No. 14 are frequently seen in lymphoproliferative disorders, and the bone marrow and peripheral blood contained a significant population of lymphoblasts as well as myeloblasts. The median survival for the 10 patients was 19 months. The exact nature of Ph1-negative CML is not yet clear; disease appears to be a distinct entity among the myeloproliferative disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Further evidence for a non-random chromosomal abnormality in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

We have previously reported on two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who had what appeared to be a deletion of chromosome No. 17. We now describe a third patient with APL. All three patients had a structural rearrangement involving No. 15 and No. 17. Our current interpretation of the chromosomal abnormality is that it is a reciprocal translocation, t (15;17) (q22; q21). Evidence that this is a consistent rearrangement associated with APL comes not only from our three patients, but also from two other published cases of APL, studied with banding, who also had an identical abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prognostic classification of Hodgkin disease in pathologic stage III, based on anatomic considerations.

Fifty-two patients with pathologic stage III Hodgkin disease were studied in an effort to determine whether location of involved abdominal nodes influenced survival. Treatment consisted of total nodal radiotherapy with or without subsequent combination chemotherapy. Th initial radiation field was the "extended mantle," which included supradiaphragmatic nodes, the splenic hilar area, and paraaortic nodes to the level of L2-L4. Subsequently, lower paraaortic and iliac regions were treated ("lower inverted Y"). Patients with disease limited to the spleen and/or splenic, celiac, or portal nodes ("anatomic substage" III1) had a more favorable 5-yr survival than did patients with involvement of paraaortic, iliac, or mesenteric nodes ("anatomic substage" III2): 93% versus 57%, respectively (p less than 0.05). The addition of combination chemotherapy to total nodal irradiation was associated with improved survival of patients in stage III2, but not of those in stage III1.

Hodgkin Disease↗
PubMed1976

Partial deletion of long arm of chromosome 17: a specific abnormality in acute promyelocytic leukemia?

Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia had an identical chromosomal abnormality detected by fluoresecence banding. In each case, the clinical course was rapidly fatal, and was characterized by a lack of response to chemotherapy with cytarabine and thioguanine, and was complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. Bone marrow cells from each patient contained 46 chromosomes; in each instance, however, one chromosome 17 had a deletion of almost one half of the proximal portion of the long arm [del(17)(q11q21 or 22)].

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults: correlations with Q-banded chromosomes.

Chromosome banding patterns were obtained for 50 of 55 consecutive adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia during a 5-yr period. Twenty-two of the 50 cases were diagnosed as acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 24 as acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMol), 2 as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and 2 as erythroleukemia. Twenty-five patients had initial chromosome abnormalities during the course of the disease. The median survival of patients with normal chromosomes initially (group I) was 10 mo, whereas that of patients with abnormal chromosomes initially (group II) was 2 mo. Similar times were obtained for treated patients with AML and AMMol. However, when the AML patients were separated into those with and those without a chromosome abnormality, the median survival times were markedly different (2 mo versus 18 mo, respectively). Patients with AMMol demonstrated no difference in median survival times when subgrouped according to the presence or absence of chromosome abnormalities. The treated group II patients whose marrow samples had only abnormal metaphases had a poorer response (10% complete remission) and median survival (2 mo) than the group II patients who had at least one normal metaphase (42% complete remission with a median survival of 9 mo). The two cases of APL demonstrated a deletion of the long arm of No. 17 which occurred in the same region of the chromosome in each case. Both patients had similar clinical histories, with disseminated intravascular coagulation, and neither responded to therapy.

Adolescent↗