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Biomedical subjects

J Viljanto

Publications and source records attributed to J Viljanto.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 level predicts optimal collagen deposition during early wound repair in humans.

BACKGROUND: This study examined two matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their association with deposition of collagen during wound repair. METHODS: In 15 hernia wounds, wound fluid was collected using two Cellstick devices, which were implanted adjacent to two expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tubes. MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were analysed 24 and 48 h after operation using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and collagen deposition in the ePTFE tubes was measured 10 days after operation as hydroxyproline. RESULTS: The levels of both MMPs in wound fluid were increased compared with those of control serum, although MMP-9 decreased (P < 0.01) in the wounds 24-48 h after operation. The MMP-9 level at 24 h correlated inversely and specifically to deposited collagen measured as hydroxyproline (rs = -0.80, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the level of MMP-9 in the early inflammatory phase can predict the amount of collagen deposited later in the wound healing process.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Connective tissue formation in subcutaneous cellulose sponge implants in the rat. The effect of the size and cellulose content of the implant.

Granulation tissue formation was studied in viscose cellulose sponges with different cellulose contents and sizes after subcutaneous implantation in rats. Samples were removed and studied histologically and histomorphometrically 1-16 weeks after implantation. The implants with lower cellulose content and smaller size were invaded by more cells and filled with connective tissue more rapidly than those with the higher content and larger size. In larger sponge implants the beneficial effect of the lower cellulose content was more conspicuous.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Biocompatibility of cellulose sponge with bone.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of viscose cellulose sponge (VCS) with bone. Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the study. After curettage of the bone marrow from both femoral cavities, VCS (15 x 1 x 1 mm) was implanted into one femur, leaving the contralateral side empty as a control. The rats were killed 1-6 weeks after curettage, and bone formation inside the sponge was assessed by light-microscopic examination and histomorphometric assessment. Whereas normal bone formation in rat femoral cavity took place in 2 weeks after curettage, 4 weeks were needed for bone formation in the cellulose sponge. VCS is a compatible matrix for osseous tissue ingrowth and it may be useful as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering in experiments and possibly also in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Treatment results of osteogenic sarcoma. An evaluation of 36 patients treated during 30-year period in south-western Finland.

Histological re-evaluation revealed 36 osteogenic sarcoma (OS) patients for analysis in South-Western Finland treated between 1958 and 1987. In 21 cases (58%) the tumour was located in the knee region. The mean age at diagnosis was 28 years (range: 5-62 years) and the follow-up time of the patients was at least 5 years or until death. In 29 patients without metastases at the time of diagnosis, the extent of the primary tumour was T2 in 37% and T3 in 63% of the patients. There were no differences regarding the extent of the primary tumour, delay of the diagnosis, mean age of the patients, or duration of the symptoms while comparing the three decades of the study. Before the 1970s the treatment consisted of surgery with or without radiotherapy in most cases. Since the 1970s the combination of surgical treatment (amputation or wide excision) and adjuvant chemotherapy was the most common treatment modality. Since the late 1970s limb-salvage surgery has been applied in selected cases, and it seems to be justified. None of the patients treated before 1970 survived for 5 years. The 5- and 10-year survival of all 36 patients was 44.4% and 33.6%, respectively. In non-metastatic patients both the 5- and 10-year disease-free survival was 46.7%. A certain group exhibiting a good prognosis was found; the 10-year survival of the 10 patients with OS in extremities, treated with combined chemotherapy and surgery, was 70%. The median survival time was significantly longer for the patients with an intracompartmental tumour extent of T2 (112 months) compared with an extracompartmental extent of T3 (23 months), and for the patients with the primary tumour in the knee region (112 months) compared with other locations (18 months). The long-term survival of the OS patients has improved concomitantly with the multimodality of the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Viscose cellulose sponge as an implantable matrix: changes in the structure increase the production of granulation tissue.

Since the 1950s a number of implantable substances have been used to study granulation tissue formation: steel mesh, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane, and viscose cellulose sponges (VCS). The side effects of these materials on granulation tissue formation vary considerably. An ideal material does not interfere with the normal wound-healing process and collects as many cells as possible for further analysis. Viscose cellulose sponge has been shown to be one of the most inert materials for this purpose. In this study we examined the correlation between changes in the structure of the sponge and the number of cells harvested and the synthesis of granulation tissue after subcutaneous implantation in rats. It was discovered that it is possible to control the structure of the sponge and by certain changes in this structure increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge. There is, however, a distinct plateau after which changes in structure do not increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Fibrin glue].

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Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1992

[Fetal surgery].

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Animals↗
PubMed1991

Macrophages in trauma-induced myositis ossificans.

The basic cellular mechanisms of different forms of myositis ossificans are poorly known. In the current experiment the nature of the early (24-168 h) inflammatory cell reaction preceding trauma-induced myositis ossificans was studied. New bone formation was induced in the vastus intermedius region of the rabbit quadriceps muscle by means of immobilization and daily passive mobilization. Before the start of treatment, a cell harvesting device (viscose cellulose sponge in a silastic tube) was implanted in the region of interest. The opposite intermedius muscle and a standardized surgical skin wound served as the control sites. The results showed a significantly prolonged invasion of macrophages into the ossifying intermedius muscle as compared with the control intermedius muscle. It is hypothesized that microinjury and subsequent muscle necrosis cause the invasion of macrophages, and these cells respond to the conditions of the traumatized muscle under passive mobilization by releasing osteogenic growth factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of haematocrit on wound healing in children.

The effects of mild or moderate normovolaemic anaemia on wound healing (WH) continue to be debatable. The results of animal experiments and clinical experience are somewhat controversial. In this study, sixty-six boys, aged from 5 to 15, mean 10.1 years, were routinely operated on for a unilateral inguinal hernia, after which their WH was studied by the Cellstic device. Based on differential count of wound cells and their mutual transformed cell to cell ratios it was found that the optimum level of haematocrit (Hct) for WH was 37-39% with haemoglobin (Hb) values of 12.0-12.4 g/100 ml. Hct values under and over these limits began to retard WH significantly (p less than 0.02) without any visual signs of delay in WH. Both values are below the age adjusted means but just above the lower limits of normal. It is thus allowed, for the majority of healthy children with normal blood values, a mild decrease of Hct during the operation without any harmful effect on WH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural characteristics of cells in human wound collected by Cellstic device.

The differentiating human wound cells and intercellular matrix was studied by electron microscopy. The cells were collected with a special wound drain containing a piece of cellulose sponge. Although fibroblastic cells could be detected as early as 20 hr after operation, the main cell population consisted of inflammatory cells. The fibroblastic cells were classified into three types according to the stage of ultrastructural differentiation. Some cells of different types were in close contact by membrane apposition to each other and to the sponge material. However, no specialized junctions were seen. Organized collagen fibers were not seen during the observation period despite the well developed organelles for protein synthesis in the fibroblastic cells. The close contacts of normal cells with the sponge pore walls indicated good compatibility with human tissue and safe use for clinical experiments in routine operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Signs of capillary formation in the early phase of wound healing in children.

Small silicone rubber tubes containing a standard size viscose cellulose sponge (Cellstic) were implanted in wounds of 23 children at the end of routine surgery. The Cellstics were drawn out of the wounds 1-4 days after implantation. Single cells and cell aggregates, called cell aggregation centers (CAC), were washed out of the Cellstic sponges by the retrograde injection technique, centrifuged, studied histologically and histochemically for cytochrome oxidase activity. Small leukocytic CACs and solitary cells, also including some macrophages and a few endothelial cells, were observed on the first postoperative day. On the second postoperative day and thereafter 2-4 endothelial cells were attached to each other surrounding a lumen. These capillary segment-looking formations (CSF) resembled capillary segments and they were seen both inside and outside the (now larger) CACs. Outside the CACs solitary endothelial cells occasionally exhibited ring-like formations. High cytochrome oxidase activity was observed especially in many CSFs but the solitary and the ring-shaped endothelial cells, in- and outside the CACs, also showed intense oxidative metabolism.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1983

Effect of intrauterine thymectomy on granulation tissue formation. An experimental study.

Intrauterine thymectomy was successfully performed on 9 guinea pig foetuses at the gestational age of 36-48 days. This resulted in a significant suppression of the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response of the whole blood lymphocytes at the age of 3 mth. The in utero-thymectomized guinea pigs and their littermate non-thymectomized controls were operated on by making 4 symmetrical dorsal skin incisions and by subcutaneously implanting 8 standardized pieces of viscose cellulose sponge. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 10th days the tensile strength of the wounds was determined and the implants were analysed histologically and enzymehistochemically. At the time of incipient fibroplasia on the 5th post-operative day, the tensile strength of the wounds, the number of fibroblasts and the activities of aminopeptidase and succinate dehydrogenase were clearly less in the guinea pigs which had been thymectomized in utero. These findings indicate that adequate thymic function was necessary for normal fibroblast proliferation, since intrauterine thymectomy led to a temporary delay in the beginning of the fibroblastic phase in wound healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Anastomotic leakage in oesophageal atresia. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Oesophageal anastomotic leakage complicates 5-38% of operations performed for congenital atresia, and continues with prematurity and concomitant anomalies to be a cause of a fatal outcome. After a short review of the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of this complication the authors present their own series of 37 consecutive oesophageal atresia and/or oesophagotracheal fistula. Seven of these had anastomotic leakage within 2 to 8 days after operation. Three of them had been primarily operated on through a retropleural approach. The remaining four had had a transpleural approach and were all treated with an immediate rethoracotomy and resuture of the disruption with good primary results. A few cases reported earlier and the authors' present experience support the view that rethoracotomy and resuture of the disruption in transpleurally operated patients provides a method which allows early debridement of the pleural cavity and pulmonary reexpansion, accelerates secondary anastomotic healing and shortens the period needed for pleural drainage and intravenous nutrition.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1981

Fibronectin in early phases of wound healing in children.

Fibronectin, an adhesive glycoprotein, was demonstrated with the Cellstic device in healing wounds of 13 children after routine surgery. An indirect immunofluorescent method was adapted to cytological and histological specimens made from the Cellstic sponges 1 to 92 hours after operation. As early as one hour after Cellstic implantation some bright fluorescent spots could be seen in the cytological specimens, although cell morphology still fully resembled to that of peripheral blood. The intensity of the fibronectin fluorescence increased rapidly until the maximum was reached 24-48 hours after surgery. Thereafter the fluorescence gradually decreased to the level of the first hours. Rapid appearance of fibronectin, its abundance on the second day and gradual diminution upon the activation of type I collagen synthesis indicate its role as a biological guide for localization of cellular activity in wound repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ectopia cordis.

Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital anomaly with an unknown incidence. The heart lies totally or partially outside the thoracic cage. Sternal cleft without cardiac protrusion outside the thorax is not included. The condition is often associated with various cardiac and extracardiac anomalies. During the period 1968-1978 three cases of thoracic total ectopia cordis were encountered. Surgical correction was unsuccessful. This has been the outcome in all but one case of thoracic forms of total ectopia cordis reported earlier in the literature.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed1980

Disinfection of surgical wounds without inhibition of normal wound healing.

The goal of disinfection of surgical wounds is to destroy as large a number as possible of the microbes that have made their way into the surgical wounds during the time of surgery, without disturbing the normal wound-healing process. It is not a substitute for preoperative disinfection of the skin or aseptic technique, but makes it possible to further decrease the rate of infection in slightly or moderately contaminated wounds. This was shown with a series of 294 pediatric surgical patients, 283 of whom had undergone appendectomy. A 5% povidone-iodine solution, especially in combination with excipients, was too strong, whereas a 1% povidone-iodine solution without excipients applied to the surgical wound was safe from the standpoint of wound healing, and decresed the number of wound infections in those patients with appendicitis in whom neither peritonitis nor periappendicular abscess had yet developed.

Adolescent↗