Biomedical subjects

J Visnovský

Publications and source records attributed to J Visnovský.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

HER-2 [Ile655Val] polymorphism in association with breast cancer risk: a population-based case-control study in Slovakia.

Breast cancer belongs to the most frequent types of cancer affecting women and it occurs at any age. Around 1600-1800 women are getting ill annually in the Slovak republic. One of the most important factors in connection with cancer genesis refers to changes in specific genes. HER-2 proto-oncogene belongs to low penetrating genes, which increase susceptibility to breast cancer genesis. Clinical studies demonstrated an association between polymorphism at codon 655 of this gene and increased risk for breast cancer development. The aim of this case-control based prospective study was to determine the distribution of HER-2 genotype and its association with risk factors of breast cancer in the population of women in Slovak republic. HER-2 genotypes were determined with PCR-RFLP method. The DNA was isolated from white blood cell nuclei. The frequency of Val allele in the cancer group was 29.79% and was higher than in the control group 15.84% (p<0.05). The presence of the heterozygote (Ile/Val) genotype was identified in 46.81% of patients in the case group and in 28.33% in healthy individuals, and the homozygote (Val/Val) genotype in 6.38% and 1.67, respectively (p<0.01). The risk of breast cancer development for carriers of one valine (Val) allele in genotype was two-times lower (OR=2.47) than for carriers of two Val alleles (OR=5.73) (p<0.05). Risk of cancer genesis for Val allele carriers was higher in multiparas (OR=2.90), among women with positive family history of breast cancer (OR=5.0), BMI>24 (kg/m2), and late menopause (OR=1.5). Contraceptives in anamnesis contrariwise showed tend to decrease the risk in Val allele carriers (OR=0.3). In conclusion, this study revealed relatively high frequency of the Val allele among the women population of the Slovak republic. Ile655Val polymorphism of HER-2 gene was associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of breast cancer all above in homozygotes for Val allele.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Velocimetry of the ductus venosus in the first stage of labor].

OBJECTIVE: To assess feasibility and physiological variation of fetal ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry during the first stage of labor between uterine contractions. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cross-sectional study including 23 healthy women with low-risk pregnancies. Maximum velocities during ventricular systole (S) and atrial contraction (A) were recorded in the ductus venosus between contractions. Pulsatility index for veins (DV PIV) and the ductus venosus index (DVI) were also calculated. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin. RESULTS: Acceptable ductus venosus waveforms were acquired in 19 fetuses (83%). The mean +/- SD values of the ductus venosus index and the pulsatility index were 0.46 +/- 0.07 (95% CI: 0.42-0.49) and 0.57 +/- 0.12 (95% CI: 0.51-0.63), respectively. The mean +/- SD values of maximum velocities during ventricular systole (S) and atrial contraction (A) were 65 +/- 8 cm/s and 35 +/- 5 cm/s, respectively. CONCLUSION: Ductus venosus blood flow velocities can be assessed during labor. This calls for an extension of the detection possibilities of intrauterine fetal status and gives an idea to establish reference ranges for these circulation parameters during labor in the future.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed2005

[Laparoscopy in chronic pelvic pain--a prospective clinical study].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence, causes and management in women with chronic pelvic pain and to evaluate the role of laparoscopy. DESIGN: A prospective non-randomized clinical trial on 86 women with chronic pelvic pain. SETTING: Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, JMF CU Martin, Slovak Republic. METHODS: A prospective clinical trial was performed on 86 patients with chronic pelvic pain, who have undergone laparoscopy from March 2003 to March 2004. Only patients with a pain history of at least 6 month were enrolled into this trial. Specific patient's history characteristics, laparoscopic and cytologic findings were reviewed and analyzed (pain interval, organic findings, preoperative ultrasound examination, previous surgical intervention, oral contraceptive usage, patient's medical history, menstrual cycle regularity, age, presence of dysmenorrhea). In all women, laparoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. RESULTS: During the study we have performed 309 diagnostic laparoscopic examinations, from which 86 (27.8%) were done due to chronic pelvic pain. The mean patient's age was 35.8 years (19-56). The mean parity was 1.6, ranging from 0-5. Pelvic organ pathology was present in 88.4% of the patients. The most frequent finding was endometriosis (31.4%). According to revised criteria of the American Fertility Society the presence of first, second, third and fourth stage of endometriosis was 55.6, 25.9, 11.1 and 7.4%, respectively. The most frequent occurrence of endometriotic lesions were on ligamenta sacrouterina (21.4%) and plica vesicouterina (19.0%). Pelvic adhesions, myomas, pelvic varicosities and chronic inflammatory process were present in 25.6, 15.1, 9.3 and 3.5% of the cases, respectively. No somatic origin of pain was identified at laparoscopy in 11.6% of patients. Preoperative ultrasonic examination with pelvic pathology findings were performed in 36 patients, and laparoscopy correlated with ultrasonographic findings in 31 (86.1%) cases. The average pain duration was 11.5 months (6-28) with the majority among women with history of previous surgical intervention (48.8%) and parturated women. Presence of pain was most common among women after 31 years of age. Predominantly, cytology examination of biological materials (peritoneal fluid, cyst fluid) revealed an increased histiocytic reaction in coincidence with chronic inflammation process in 31.6%. CONCLUSION: Invasive laparoscopy in chronic pelvic pain pertains to one of the most important examination procedures for its high specificity and sensitivity. Laparoscopy can reveal organic causes of pelvic pathology in 60% of cases with the possibility of following treatment. Our combined effort should stop the progression of such pathology leading to possible morphologic, functional and psychological alteration, especially among young women in fertile age. Today, endometriosis still remains the main cause of chronic pelvic pain in high percentage rate.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[TNF-alpha serum levels in women with endometriosis: prospective clinical study].

OBJECTIVE: To determine serum levels of TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) as a prediction of endometriosis. DESIGN: Prospective clinical case control study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Pathology, Jessenius Faculty Hospital, Kollarova 2, Martin, Slovakia. METHODS: The serum TNF-alpha was determined in women who underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy due to pelvic pain, infertility, dysmenorea or pelvic tumor. Endometriosis was confirmed histologically and classified by rAFS. RESULTS: On the basis of entering criteria 65 women were enrolled in this study. In 61 cases serum level of TNF-alpha was evaluated. The average serum level of TNF-alpha in the endometriotic group was 73.847 pg/ml (n=30) and without endometriosis was 21.089 pg/ml (n=31). We have found a significant statistical difference between the above mentioned groups in the medium levels of TNF-alpha (p<0.0001). We did not find statistical significance between TNF-alpha levels and in the group of women with endometriosis in relation to the stage of the disease (I.-II., III.-IV., adenomyosis). At a cut-off level of TNF-alpha 30 pg/ml there was a 63.33% sensitivity, 77.42% specificity, a positive prediction value 73.07%, and 68.57% of negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: TNF-alpha serum levels are good diagnostic markers of endometriosis in the spectrum of noninvasive methods.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Morbidity after cesarean section].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, spectrum of indications and complications and maternal morbidity rate connected with Caesarean sections as the most frequent mode of operative delivery. DESIGN: Retrospective, epidemiologic and comparative clinical study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Medical Faculty, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed clinical data during a ten-years period. The number of deliveries, premature deliveries, frequency of Caesarean section, indications and maternal morbidity rate were determined. Further, a special attention was paid to premature deliveries and the related frequency of Caesarean sections and maternal morbidity rate in this group. In addition, the effectiveness of a complex pre-operative management was evaluated. RESULTS: The evidence shows that the natality rate is decreasing and the incidence of premature deliveries is increasing. The frequency of Caesarean sections is relatively stable with lower morbidity rate in the group of premature Caesarean deliveries. The positive effect of antibiotics, heparin and anti-aspiration medication within a complex pre-operative management was proved to decrease the frequency and severity of complications. CONCLUSIONS: The maternal morbidity rate following Caesarean delivery is relatively low, owing to the use of prophylaxis. However, it is vital to keep to the indications for Caesarean termination of the pregnancy, because there is still substantial mortality rate connected with it.

Cesarean Section↗

PubMed1995

[Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy].

Active Cushing's syndrome during pregnancy is a rare phenomenon which was so far described in the literature only in 85 women. The authors give an account of a patient who developed Cushing's syndrome during pregnancy and who was delivered during the eighth month of a healthy foetus by caesarean section, afterwards the hypercortisolism associated with hyperaldosteronism was treated by dextrolateral adrenalectomy. In the removed adrenal gland was a cortical adenoma made up of clear cells and cells reminding of the zona glomerulosa. Subsequently the authors summarize data from the literature on the prevalence of different pathogenetic forms of Cushing's syndrome in pregnant women, on the influence of hypercortisolism on mother and foetus, on the optimal diagnosis and therapy of this syndrome during pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumors using color Doppler sonography].

In a prospective investigation the authors followed the circulation in 32 patients with ovarian tumours before operation. They examined the RI using colour Doppler sonography. Based on histological examination the authors divided the patients into groups with malignant and benign tumours resp. The peripheral resistance and RI in the group of patients with malignant tumours was 0.35 +/- 0.03, i.e. significantly lower than in the group with benign tumours, 0.65 +/- 0.08 (p < 0.001). In none of the patients with malignant tumours the RI was higher than 0.50. The authors recommend this method as a screening examination for early detection of malignant ovarian tumours.

Female↗

PubMed1992

[Does transabdominal amniocentesis in the 2d trimester affect fetoplacental circulation?].

In a prospective study the authors focused attention on Doppler sonographic examination of the foetoplacental circulation and whether it is influenced by transabdominal amniocentesis. They examined 124 pregnant women subjected during the 17th or 18th week of pregnancy to amniocentesis in the out-patient department. Before amniocentesis and soon after it they examined the flow in the uterine artery on the right and in the umbilical artery. From five consecutive cycles they evaluated the S/D ratio and RI in both vessels and compared the results. They did not record any complications during amniocentesis. Evaluation of the results of both investigated parameters before and after amniocentesis did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the investigated vessels. Based on the assembled results, the authors assume that transabdominal amniocentesis, despite its invasive character, does not influence the foetoplacental circulation and does not have a negative impact on the course of pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Uterine artery flow in pregnancy with 1st trimester hemorrhage].

The authors examined in a prospective study in 25 pregnant women blood flow in the uterine artery during haemorrhage in early pregnancy with the diagnosis of imminent abortion. The control group was formed by a group of 25 women with intact pregnancy, in the first trimester. For examinations an ultrasound apparatus ATL MK 600 was used, the authors evaluated the S/D ratio and RI from five consecutive cycles. The mean values of the S/D ratio in the investigated group were 4.85 +/- 0.22, in the control group 4.41 +/- 0.24 which is a statistically significant difference. Similarly the mean RI values in the investigated group were 0.79 +/- 0.01, in the control group 0.77 +/- 0.02--the difference is statistically significant. The results confirmed the assumption that by monitoring of the blood flow in the uterine artery in women with bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy it is possible to detect relatively early risk patients.

Abortion, Threatened↗