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Biomedical subjects

J W Carson

Publications and source records attributed to J W Carson.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Follow-up of coping skills training in adults with sickle cell disease: analysis of daily pain and coping practice diaries.

This study examined the 3-month follow-up effects of a pain coping skills intervention in African American adults with sickle cell disease. Sixty-seven participants were randomly assigned to either a coping skills condition or a disease-education control condition. Multivariate analyses applied to summary measures of coping, laboratory pain perception, and clinical measures indicated that participants in the coping intervention reported significantly lower laboratory pain and significantly higher coping attempts at 3-month follow-up in comparison with the control condition. Multilevel random effects models applied to prospective daily diaries of daily pain, health care contacts, and coping practice indicated that on pain days when participants practiced their strategies, they had less major health care contacts in comparison with days when they did not use strategies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Abdominal visceral peliosis associated with bacillary angiomatosis. Ultrastructural evidence of endothelial destruction by bacilli.

Peliosis involving solid internal organs is a rare entity, and it has been reported in association with chronic debilitating diseases. Bacillary angiomatosis (BA), on the other hand, is a recently identified lesion found virtually only in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. We describe herein two cases of visceral BA and peliosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Based on light and electron microscopic findings, we conclude that (1) BA bacilli present in the hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells, in a suitable host milieu, may be the causative agents of peliosis hepatis; (2) BA bacilli can be found both intracellularly and extracellularly; and (3) peliosis is also identified in association with BA in abdominal lymph nodes.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Primary penile lymphoma in a patient with Peyronie's disease.

Malignant lymphoma involving the penis is rare, with only 5 cases reported in the literature. We report a case of primary lymphoma of the penis in a 60-year-old white man with Peyronie's disease who underwent ablation followed by brief chemotherapy. There was no evidence of systemic lymphoma involvement 6 years after therapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Growth and other factors affecting peak expiratory flow rate.

By means of a simple questionnaire and measurements of height, weight, and peak expiratory flow rates 3061 children from city and rural populations were studied. Children with asthma or other respiratory diseases had lower peak expiratory flow rates, and younger children living in rural areas had higher rates. In 2828 healthy children the peak expiratory flow rate increased with age, height, and weight. There was an increase in the slope of this line for both age and height--at 12 years and 145 cm in girls, and at 14 years and 155 cm in boys. This continued for two to three years and 15 cm, respectively, before it declined. Previous surveys have obscured this change associated with height by reporting small numbers and using linear regression analysis. This type of analysis can underestimate the mean peak expiratory flow rate of small children by half to one standard deviation. A centile graph against age is recommended to describe normal values and their differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Changing patterns in childhood gastroenteritis.

A study was made of gastroenteritis and the causal organisms in children under 14 years admitted to a large Dublin isolation fever unit in 1987. The findings were compared with a similar study at the hospital in 1981. In 1621 admissions in 1987 (1770 in 1981), there was a significant drop in the incidence of E. coli (10.1% vs. 22.6% in 1981), Salmonella spp. (3.0% vs. 4.9%) and Shigella spp. (1.7% vs. 4.9%). Cryptosporidium was identified in 4% of cases in 1987, mainly from rural backgrounds. The peak incidence of total cases was in late winter compared with the 1981 peak in late summer/early autumn. The length of stay in hospital fell significantly (9.5 vs. 18.3 days). This change in the pattern of gastroenteritis in Ireland has already been described in other developed countries 15-20 years ago.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Clinical trial of cefuroxime axetil in children.

Cefuroxime axetil tablets were given to 12 children (aged 19 months to 13.5 years) for a total of 14 episodes of lower respiratory tract infection. Doses ranged from 15 to 32 mg/kg/day. Six infections were regarded as cured and seven improved. In four cases, Haemophilus influenzae was present at the end of treatment. Serum levels of cefuroxime showed great variability. Absorption and penetration of the drug into the lower respiratory mucosa may not be sufficient to kill organisms which are sensitive in vitro. Cefuroxime axetil tablets were acceptable to most children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin. Report of a case with Langerhans-like granules.

A 58-year-old man had an atypical fibroxanthoma of the face. Light microscopic and ultrastructural studies disclosed that the tumor was composed of three types of cells: spindle-shaped fibroblasts, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells with histiocytic features. Langerhans-like granules were observed in occasional histiocytes in this tumor.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Daily coping practice predicts treatment effects in children with sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the 1-month effects of a pain coping skills intervention in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). METHODS: Forty-six African American children (8-17 years old) were randomly assigned to either a coping skills condition or a standard care control condition. Children were asked to practice daily with audiotaped instructions of skills (e.g., relaxation, imagery). RESULTS: Multivariate analyses of summary measures indicated that children in the coping intervention (versus control group) reported a significantly more active approach to managing pain. Multilevel random effects models applied to daily diary data indicated that on pain days when children practiced their strategies, they had fewer health care contacts, fewer school absences, and less interference with household activities than on days when they did not practice. CONCLUSIONS: Brief training in coping skills followed by minimal therapist contact may lead to a range of benefits when children practice with their skills on a consistent basis.

Adaptation, Psychological↗