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Biomedical subjects

J W Croake

Publications and source records attributed to J W Croake.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Systemic lupus erythematosus and dementia.

Comparison of Trail-making Parts A and B and the Shipley Conceptual Quotient of 18 index patients (M age = 29 years) and 18 controls indicated no dementia for the index patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The fears expressed by elderly men and women: a lifespan approach.

This article reports one of the first studies of adult fears, specifically in an elderly population. Results indicated that older women expressed greater fearfulness than older men, a sex differential also observed in children and adolescents. When compared to other adult groups, significant differences were noted on several categories of fears. The elderly group ranked aging and sickness as their foremost fears, although the absolute degree of fearfulness did not differ from the comparison groups. Considered with previous investigations, these results suggest that some fears may change or intensify over the lifespan, and that within each period females report greater fearfulness than males. Additionally, this article describes a new entity, "fisity," which accounts for the popularity and the intensity of fears in a single measure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Adult fears of four ethnic groups: whites, Chinese, Japanese and "boat people".

The paper reports the first study of adult fears according to ethnicity. The Chinese endorsed greater fearfulness than the whites. This difference was more marked for the women than the men. However, the Chinese and Japanese, two well-acculturated Asian minorities, expressed no differences in their fears; and Chinese living in two different sites demonstrated only small changes in their pattern of fears. By contrast, Vietnamese "boat people" expressed greatly increased total fearfulness as well as increased fear in all individual fear categories studied. However, unlike the Chinese and whites, sex had no effect on the "boat people's" fears. These results suggest that ethnicity influences overall fearfulness and the patterns of fears held by adults. Furthermore, sex and socioenvironmental factors may interact with ethnicity to modify the pattern of these fears.

Asian↗
PubMed1987

Demographic features of adult fears.

This paper reports one of the first investigations of adult fears. Demographic variables included: sex, race, college degree status, and sibling position for a broadly defined middle class population. Additionally, it reports a new entity, "fisity" which accounts for both the popularity and strength of a fear in a single calculated measure. Women, in general, endorsed greater overall fearfulness than men, but this differential was not observed in an all white subsample. This male-female difference is similar to trends noted in studies of children's fears. However, college degree status did not correlate with fearfulness for the total population, or for an all white male subsample; although non-degreed females did express significantly greater fearfulness than their degreed cohort. Finally, increasing birth order in the sibship also correlated with increasing fearfulness.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Fears of physicians and other professionals groups.

Physicians, attorneys, and professors express a significantly different degree of fearfulness, although they prioritize their fears similarly. Physicians appear particularly to fear sickness and ageing, issues directly relevant to their chosen profession. The other two groups, however, do not demonstrate any specific outstanding fears. Results are discussed for a mixed sex, and an all male sample.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Methodological problems in the study of fears.

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate methodological problems in the study of fears and to make suggestions that will facilitate future research. The most basic problem begins with a definition of "fear". Other considerations include methods of assessment, classification, and the instruments used.

Fear↗
PubMed1975

Sex differences in the comprehension of spatial orientation.

This research examined effects of instruction upon acquisition of Piaget's concept of horizontality and determined sex differences related to this acquisition. Hypotheses tested were that there are no significant differences (a) in performance on perception and prediction tasks, (b) by sex in the ability to comprehend horizontality, (c) by sex in the stage of development after instruction, and (d) by sex after instruction on the number of correct responses on horizontal tasks. Subjects were 18 male and 17 female rural, public school pupils ranging in age from 8 years, 0 months to 9 years, 11 months. Test instruments were a cylindrical bottle half-filled with colored water and eight pictures of bottles positioned at angles from 0 to 315 degrees at increments of 45 degrees. Chi square tests indicated that males performed significantly better than females on perception and prediction, and that instruction significantly improved male performance on prediction and female performance on prediction and perception. It was concluded that females, if given instruction, could more closely approximate the performance of males on the horizontal water level task.

Child↗