Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J W Ebert.
Chimpanzee liver biopsies and necropsy tissues were examined by immunofluorescence for hepatitis A virus antigen. Results further indicate that the liver may be the sole site of replication for the virus.
Saguinus mystax marmosets were experimentally infected with two strains of human hepatitis A virus. One of these strains of HAV was successfully subpassaged in this species of marmosets. In another experiment, the 1.32 and 1.41 g/cm3 buoyant density species of HAV derived from an infected chimpanzee stool were shown to be infectious in three species of marmosets. The value of the marmoset as an experimental model for hepatitis A infection was demonstrated by these studies.
Virazole (Ribavirin, ICN 1229), a broad-spectrum, antiviral chemotherapeutic agent was used to treat two adult chronically hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s) Ag)-seropositive chimpanzees. No significant change in serum hepatitis B surface antigen was noted and no adverse reactions were observed. The role of viral replication in the chronic carrier state of hepatitis B is discussed.
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We report the temporal patterns of various immunohistological and serological parameters of acute self-limited hepatitis B virus infection of two chimpanzees, and we provide evidence that the synthesis of hepatitis B core antigen precedes that of hepatitis B surface antigen. Our data suggest that existence of a biphasic hepatitis B virus infection involving a hematogenous reinfection of the liver and indicate that recruitment of liver cells to produce hepatitis B virus may occur in a pattern consistent with a replicative cycle of about 8 days.
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Three chimpanzee chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) were examined by immunofluorescent techniques to determine the localization of HBs Ag and hepatitis B core antigen (HBc Ag) in their tissues. All specimens were quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70degrees until sectioned. Frozen sections were prepared and stained for examination by fluorescent microscopy. For staining, anti-HBs and anti-HBc labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate were used. HBs Ag was found in the liver of all three animals. In two animals which were necropsied, HBs Ag was detected in other tissues, e.g., lymph nodes, spleen, and kidney. Specificity of these tests was demonstrated by blocking with purified HBs Ag. Examination of various tissues revealed HBc Ag only in the liver. 32 samples of liver, from different sites from one chimpanzee, were examined and all were positive for both HBs Ag and HBc Ag. The finding of HBc Ag only in the liver further supports the assertion that the liver is the sole site of replication of hepatitis B virus in chronic carriers.