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Biomedical subjects

J W Lance

Publications and source records attributed to J W Lance.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The headaches of phaeochromocytoma.

Of 27 patients with phaeochromocytoma, 20 were subject to headaches as a part of their symptom complex and 7 were not, in spite of the fact that 4 of the latter had experienced other forms of headache at other times. There was no correlation between the proportion of noradrenaline to adrenaline produced by the tumour and the presence or absence of headache or the nature of the headache. Liability to headache appeared to be linked with the rate of change in blood pressure and was not related to absolute values of blood pressure. Two patients experienced a "funny turn" typical of catecholamine release during a spontaneous migraine headache. The migraine headache became pulsatile and severe in one patient but was unaltered in the other. The variable duration and intensity of the headache in different patients can be explained by the pressor and cranial vasoconstrictor effects of the secreted amines which respectively enhance and diminish vascular headache.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Sodium valproate in the management of intractable epilepsy: comparison with clonazepam.

Sodium valproate 400 mg.-1800 mg. daily has been used for 1-4 months in the management of 35 patients with intractable epilepsy. This preliminary report indicates that the agent is a useful addition to anti-convulsant therapy with beneficial effect to the majority of patients with gran mal, petit mal, nyoclonus and akinetic attacks. Temporal lobe epilepsy and other focal cortical seizures responded less well. There were some minor gastrointestinal and neurological side-effects which subsided with time or the reduction of dosage. The transition period while other anticonvulsants were being withdrawn was accompanied by grand mal seizures in 6 patients. It appears that sodium valproate requires 7-10 days to becoms fully active and that other anticonvulsants should be withdrawn only after the patient is established on a maintenance dosage. Comparison with clonazepam suggests that the latter is more effective in the control of petit mal and temporal lobe epilepsy but has more persistent sedative effects. Most patients transferred from other anticonvulsants to sodium valproate felt more alert and able to concentrate better.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Comparison of stretch reflexes and shortening reactions in activated normal subjects with those in Parkinson's disease.

The stretch reflexes and shortening reactions evoked in six normal subjects during reinforcement were compared with those recorded from patients with Parkinson's disease. Although the responses to stretch and shortening of triceps were similar in both groups, they differed in the biceps muscle. In Parkinson's disease increasing muscle stretch of biceps was associated with increasing reflex activity, whereas the reverse relationship occurred in the activated normal subjects. The biceps EMG during sinusoidal stretching comprised two peaks in the activated normal group, a phenomenon not seen in Parkinson's disease. It is postulated that this response in the activated normal group is due to activation or reinforcement engaging long-loop reflexes. It is concluded that the rigidity of Parkinson's disease is not simply an exaggeration of the stretch reflexes found in normal man but differs in that the effects of flexor reflex afferent nerve fibres are submerged by group Ia afferent activity, and that some long-loop reflex pathways are no longer operative in Parkinson's disease.

Electromyography↗