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Biomedical subjects

J W Pharr

Publications and source records attributed to J W Pharr.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Ocular and orbital porcupine quills in the dog: a review and case series.

A retrospective evaluation of 5 cases of orbital or intraocular porcupine quills in the dog and a literature review from MEDLINE (1983-1995) is presented. This paper reviews the diagnosis, therapy, and visual prognosis of ocular and orbital quills in the dog. Distinguishing penetration and perforation of the eye and intraocular structures is paramount in establishing a visual prognosis and appropriate therapy. Perforation of the cornea or sclera, lens, or the uvea and retina necessitates prompt specialized surgical therapy to save vision. The diagnosis of orbital quills can be readily confirmed with ultrasonography. The characteristic sonographic appearance of a double-banded, linear, hyperechoic object allows accurate localization of the quill, which aids surgical removal.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Fetal growth in muskoxen determined by transabdominal ultrasonography.

A 5 MHz commercial sector scanner was used to monitor 13 muskox pregnancies and establish normal fetal growth curves. Examinations were carried out between 40 and 197 days of gestation and pregnancy could be detected throughout the period. Early pregnancies were found by scanning lateral to the udder but as pregnancy progressed the fetus was found closer to the dam's umbilicus. Measurements of cranial and abdominal diameters taken at about two week intervals in seven uncomplicated pregnancies in four cows were used to construct fetal growth curves. These can be reliably used in the reproductive management of muskoxen. In addition a series of regressions based on measurements of the fetuses of muskoxen killed in the Arctic are provided. These allow cranial and abdominal diameters to be related to fetal weight and crown-rump length.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Removal of a retropharyngeal foreign body in a horse, with the aid of ultrasonography during surgery.

Diagnostic ultrasonography was used during surgery to assist in the removal of a piece of wire from the retropharyngeal region. A 3-year-old Quarter Horse mare was referred with dysphagia of 2 days' duration. Radiography revealed a 9-cm piece of wire located caudodorsal to the larynx. A ventral surgical approach was performed, dissecting along the right side of the larynx and trachea. The surgical field was filled with 0.85% sterile physiologic saline solution. A 5 MHz-mm sector scanner probe immersed in the fluid was able to locate the wire and facilitate the direction and depth of dissection to where the wire was identified and removed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Unsuccessful surgical repair of a short soft palate in a dog.

An 8-week-old male Miniature Schnauzer had nasal discharge of milk, food, and water since birth, especially during eating. Examination of the oral cavity revealed a short soft palate. Numerous unsuccessful surgical procedures were performed to construct a shelf of tissue to prevent oronasal reflux. The dog was euthanatized.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Periorbital skull fractures in five horses.

Periorbital skull fractures were diagnosed in 5 horses, and were associated with ophthalmic complications including corneal ulceration, uveitis, and entrapment of the eye by retrobulbar bone fragments. Physical examination was of greater diagnostic use than radiography. Surgical repair was performed on all horses and was associated with a more favorable postoperative appearance in horses treated acutely; however, the cosmetic results were considered acceptable in all horses. Major postoperative complications were not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Microsurgical management of tetralogy of Fallot in a cat.

A modified Blalock-Taussig shunt was performed on a cat with tetralogy of Fallot. Previous attempts at such palliative surgery in the cat have failed, due to small vessel size. The use of microvascular instrumentation and technique resulted in a patent shunt in this case.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ancillary diagnostic imaging. Angiography, ultrasonography, scintigraphy, and xeroradiography.

Veterinary medical imaging is now accepted as including a number of imaging modalities other than conventional radiography. Although the wide availability and relatively low cost of conventional radiography will keep it in the forefront of veterinary medical imaging, other imaging modalities or techniques such as those discussed in this article will, where available, be of significant value in selected cases of bovine lameness.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative analysis of long-bone growth in the horse.

Long-bone growth at the distal ends of the radial bones, the distal ends of the 3rd metacarpal bones, the distal ends of the 3rd metatarsal bones, and the proximal ends of the proximal phalangeal bones (of thoracic and pelvic limbs) was quantitatively analyzed in 9 Thoroughbred-Quarter Horse foals from birth to 2 years of age. Metal growth markers were surgically implanted in the bones of the animals at 2 to 4 days of age. Radiographs of the bones were made on the day of surgical manipulation, the next day, and then once a week for 8 months, and once a month thereafter for an additional 18 months. On each radiograph, the intervals between the growth markers were measured and plotted, and these accumulated growth data were subjected to statistical analyses. Growth curves, cumulative growth, and relative growth rates were determined. The ages of radiographic growth plate closure also were determined. Total bone growth observed in these foals was proportionately greater than that observed in a similar study of Shetland-Welsh ponies, probably indicating a breed difference. The most rapid growth rate at the 5 anatomic sites in the foals occurred from birth to 10 weeks of age; however, in the distal part of the radius, there was a continuous, though declining growth rate until 60 weeks of age, whereas in the distal ends of the 3rd metacarpal and metatarsal bones and the proximal end of the proximal phalanges growth ceased abruptly and nearly plateaued after 10 weeks of age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Varus vs valgus.

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Animals↗