The syntheses and structure--activity relationships of a number of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrocoumarins, which are both antagonists of a slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis and potent inhibitors of antigen-induced histamine release in the rat, are described. Most active among these are 7-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-n-propylphenoxy(-2-hydroxypropoxy] derivatives having hydrogen or lower alkyl substituents at the C-8 position of the coumarin ring, 168, 171, 173, and 174.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗

PubMed1979

Options and alternatives: policy decisions yet to be made.

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Child↗

PubMed1979

Coping with childhood cancer: group intervention as an aid to parents in crisis.

Groups aid parents in crisis by promoting adaptive coping. Group intervention with parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer has a positive effect on the families in the later stages of illness by helping the parents establish constructive patterns and encouraging them to use problem solving techniques.

Child↗

PubMed1979

Mediators of extravasation during rat passive peritoneal anaphylaxis.

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Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1979

Analytic clinical laboratory precision. State of the art for twenty-nine analytes.

Relationships of concentration and coefficient of variation are described for 29 clinical laboratory analytes. Estimated mean regression curves and the standard deviations of individual laboratory coefficients of variation about the mean regression are calculated. Twenty-seven analytes showed a significant relation between concentration and coefficient of variation. State of the art precision is compared to medical goals. The average coefficient of variation for one analyte, calcium, fails to meet medical goals for manual methods. The distribution of individual laboratory precision above average state of the art figures is discussed. The proportion of laboratories failing to meet medical goals is large for osmolality, as well as manual calcium methods.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1978

The effect of sodium 5,6-dimethyl-2-nitroindanedione on anaphylactic reactions in vitro.

A nitroindanedione (BRL 10833) inhibited the antigen induced release of histamine and slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from passively sensitized human lung at similar concentrations to those required for the inhibition of histamine release by disodium cromoglycate (DSCG). BRL 10833 was more potent than DSCG as an inhibitor of histamine release by antigen from actively and passively sensitized rat peritoneal cells and rat skin fragments.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

The effect of histamine release on the increase in vascular permeability during rat passive peritoneal anaphylaxis [proceedings].

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Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1978

Quality control in clinical chemistry.

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Blood Chemical Analysis↗

PubMed1978

Peritoneal anaphylaxis in the rat after sensitization with mouse antiserum.

Passive peritoneal anaphylaxis in rats, sensitized with mouse antiserum, had characteristics of an IgE-mediated reaction, in that the serum was heat-labile and pretreatment of the rats with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), or sodium nivimedone, inhibited the release of both histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). Sodium nivimedone was more potent than DSCG as an inhibitor of histamine release. Peak concentrations of histamine and SRS-A in the peritoneal fluids of the rats, were reached within 2 min of antigen challenge and fell to control levels after 20-30 min.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1978

5-Hydroxytryptamine and rat passive peritoneal anaphylaxis.

Antigen challenge of rats, sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with rat anti-serum, did not result in a detectable increase in the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in their peritoneal fluids over the background level induced by sensitisation alone. The maximum amount of extravasation produced by intraperitoneal injection of 5-HT into passively sensitised rats was less than that produced by antigen or histamine, and the doses of 5-HT producing these levels of extravasation produced an produced an increase of 5-HT concentrations in the peritoneal fluids. Therefore, 5-HT is unlikely to make much direct contribution to the extravasation produced during rat passive peritoneal anaphylaxis. However, when given intraperitoneally to rats, 5-HT potentiates the extravasation produced by histamine.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1978

Social work intervention with families of children with cancer: the changing critical phases.

There are several critical phases through which pediatric cancer patients pass. It is important for the social worker to identify these stressful periods in order to give maximum help to the patient and his family. With constructive equilibrium.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Further studies on passive peritoneal anaphylaxis in the rat.

Four compounds with H1 anti-histamine activity and four adrenoceptor stimulants, each given to rats prior to passive peritoneal anaphylaxis (PPA), inhibited extravasation of serum proteins into the peritoneal fluid at doses which had no effect on histamine release. In contrast, aminophylline and some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents inhibited extravasation only at doses which inhibited histamine releases they showed a similar type of avtivity to that of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and a nitroindanedione (BRL 10833), although they were much less potent. Predosing with DSCG reduced the potency of subsequent doses of DSCG, BRL 10833 and indomethacin, but not of aminophylline or phenylbutazone, and therefore DSCG, BRL 10833 and indomethacin may share a common pathway to produce activity. In the rat PPA system, no evidence was found for histamine 'feedback' inhibition of histamine release.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗