PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J W Slap

Publications and source records attributed to J W Slap.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Implications for the structural model of Freud's assumptions about perception.

Freud made assumptions about perception that strongly influenced his final model of the mind, the structural model. Two of these assumptions, (1) that perception is exclusively a function of the ego and (2) that perception is an accurate, veridical representation of external reality, are questioned on the basis of clinical findings and current conceptualizations. Changes are suggested, namely, that we grant that the repressed has a capacity for perception and recognize that perception is not an inherent ability for exact, photographic registration of the external world, but that it is a function of the mind mediated through external receptors and the central nervous system. Perception is dependent on mental organizations (schemas) which are affected by past experience, psychodynamics, affective states, and cognitive style. These changes produce a version of the structural model which is congruent with a schema model previously advanced as a competing model. It is argued that this version of the structural model has significant clinical and theoretical advantages over previous models.

Drive↗
PubMed1987

Reflections on the self state dream.

Self psychologists contend that patients with narcissistic personality disorders have dreams which cannot be understood in terms of current psychoanalytic dream theory and that these dreams, called self state dreams, have a different origin and structure. The manifest content of these dreams is said to reveal the reactions of healthy sectors of the psyche to disturbing changes in the condition of the self. Self psychologists are said to be able to understand these dreams directly, without the patients' associations, as portrayals of the dreamers' dread of threats to the integrity of the self. The authors raise questions about these contentions. They conclude that the self state dream will remain a dubious concept until a more extensive psychology of dreaming is provided by self psychologists.

Association↗
PubMed1979

On nothing and nobody with an addendum on William Hogarth.

While phase-related traumata are often accepted as sufficient explanation of patients' reporting that they feel like "nothing" or "nobody," it is the thesis of this paper that such feelings often derive from intrapsychic conflict and that the working through of such conflict leads to significant therapeutic benefit. In support of this thesis, two cases are presented, together with an addendum on Hogarth's Mr. Nobody.

Depression↗
PubMed1978

On hybrid concepts in psychoanalysis.

Hybrid concepts that combine observable data with abstract metapsychological constructs have increasingly pervaded psychoanalytic discourse in recent years. For example, the "fear of loss of ego boundaries" combines "fear", which may be directly experienced and observed, with "ego boundaries," metapsychological abstraction. The authors regard the widespread use of these concepts, which are most commonly applied to borderline and psychotic conditions, as a trend which may undermine the usefulness of psychoanalytic approaches to these entities.

Ego↗
PubMed1977

On dreaming at sleep onset.

The position that dreaming occurs exclusively during REM sleep, which has its first onset after sixty to ninety minutes of nonREM sleep, has been effectively refuted in sleep laboratories but remains uncorrected in the psychoanalytic literature. Examples of hallucinatory activity occurring during the sleep onset period and during a brief nap are shown to have all the characteristics of dreams, including latent content related to repressed material from childhood.

Dreams↗
PubMed1977

The eroding concept of intrapsychic conflict.

With the increased interest in borderline and psychotic patients, concepts are being introduced which erode the concept of intrapsychic conflict between the ego and the other macrostructures. In particular, the drive derivative as source of danger is being lost sight of as expressions such as fear of the loss of ego boundaries and struggles against identification are introduced. Some authors who use these expressions, judging from their clinical material, do uncover their patients' fantasies and the drive derivatives and defenses they reflect. Nonetheless, they contribute to the problem by introducing inaccurate new terms. Other authors, having embraced recent innovations in theory, seem to disregard intrapsychic conflict.

Conflict, Psychological↗