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Biomedical subjects

J W Streett

Publications and source records attributed to J W Streett.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

Thermoregulatory responses of febrile monkeys during microwave exposure.

We have examined experimentally the question of increased vulnerability to the thermalizing effects of MW exposure during febrile illness. In a controlled ambient temperature of 26 degrees C, autonomic mechanisms of heat production and heat loss were measured in febrile squirrel monkeys during 30-min exposures to 450 or 2450 MHz CW MW fields at different phases of the fever cycle (induction, plateau, defervescence). We have shown that MW energy absorbed during a febrile episode spares endogenous energy production, but may augment the fever if deposited deep in the body, as is the case during exposure at the resonant frequency. The fever may also be exacerbated if the MW exposure occurs late in the febrile episode, a condition that may put an organism at some risk, especially if the field strength exceeds safety guidelines.

Alprostadil↗

Nesidioblastosis associated with hyperglycemia in two squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).

Nesidioblastosis associated with progressive weight loss and hyperglycemia was diagnosed in two mid-adult, wild-caught, male squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and abnormal glucose tolerance test results were found when the monkeys were presented for clinical evaluation for chronic weight loss, episodic dehydration, hypothermia, and lethargy. Immunohistochemical studies of the pancreatic tissue demonstrated that the proliferating endocrine cells stained predominantly glucagon-positive in the most severely affected monkey.

Animals↗

Villus atrophy and malabsorption in a rhesus monkey.

Villus atrophy involving the proximal small intestine was diagnosed in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) at necropsy. A juvenile, male, captive-born monkey exhibited weight loss, hypoalbuminemia, patchy alopecia, eosinophilia, and vomiting. D-xylose absorption was impaired. Contrast radiography revealed thickening of the gastric and intestinal walls, gaseous distension of intestines and a rapid transit rate. There was no clinicopathologic evidence of involvement of organs other than the gastrointestinal tract. The intestinal villus atrophy was similar in distribution and morphology to that of human celiac disease.

Animals↗

Differential effects of chemical and physical restraint on carbohydrate tolerance testing in nonhuman primates.

Ketamine hydrochloride, used during glucose or lactose tolerance tests to aid restraint of rhesus and stumptail macaques unconditioned to handling, prevented the establishment of definitive baseline plasma glucose tolerance curves from which meaningful interpretations could be derived. Repetition of the tests after the animals were restraint-chair conditioned provided clear baseline control data. It is suggested that ketamine might invalidate those carbohydrate tolerance tests which are based on the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract.

Anesthetics, Dissociative↗

Lactose intolerance in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides): case report.

A female stumptail macaque had signs of intermittant diarrhea and chronic weight loss over a 2-year period during which she was fed a commercial laboratory maintenance diet. Intolerance of this individual to lactose, a ubiquitous constituent of most commercial primate diets, was diagnosed on the basis of lactose tolerance tests and favorable clinical response to dietary carbohydrate substitution with glucose. Oral administration of varying doses of glucose to this animal consistently produced elevations in plasma glucose concentrations exceeding 20 mg/dl, while orally-administered doses of lactose did not cause significant elevations in blood glucose concentrations.

Animals↗

Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis): a case report.

A juvenile male cynomolgus macaque was slightly depressed and had a rough haircoat. Cardiomegaly and pulmonary interstitial edema were found. A distinct fremitus was palpable over the right femoral canal. The only abnormal laboratory finding was an elevated total leukocyte count. A femoral arteriogram confirmed the diagnosis of femoral arteriovenous fistula. Surgical correction of the fistula was successful in reversing the heart failure. The history and anatomic location of the lesion suggested an iatrogenic cause.

Animals↗