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Biomedical subjects

J Walinder

Publications and source records attributed to J Walinder.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Enantioselective analysis of citalopram and metabolites in adolescents.

Studies of the antidepressant effect and pharmacokinetics of citalopram have been performed in adults, but the effects on children and adolescents have only been studied to a minor extent despite its increasing use in these age groups. The aim of this study was to investigate a group of adolescents treated for depression, with respect to the steady-state plasma concentrations of the enantiomers of citalopram and its demethylated metabolites desmethylcitalopram and didesmethylcitalopram. Moreover, the authors studied the genotypes for the polymorphic cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in relation to the different enantiomers. The S/R ratios of citalopram and desmethylcitalopram found in this study of 19 adolescents were similar to studies involving older patients. The concentrations of the R-(-)- and S-(+)-enantiomers of citalopram and desmethylcitalopram were also in agreement with values from earlier studies, the R-(-)-enantiomer (distomer) being the major enantiomer. The results indicate that the use of oral contraceptives may have some influence on the metabolism of citalopram. This might be because of an interaction of the contraceptive hormones with the CYP2C19 enzyme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Prolactin response to electroconvulsive therapy.

Prolactin response to electroconvulsive therapy (E.C.T.)was investigated in nine patients with endogenous depression. Four patients undergoing minor gynaecological surgery who had had the same type of intravenous anaesthesia as the E.C.T. group were studied as controls. 15 minutes after E.C.T. there was a 10 to 50 fold increase in serum-prolactin in eight of the patients. The effects of anaesthesia and surgery on serum-prolactin in the controls were negligible.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Potentiation of the antidepressant action of clomipramine by tryptophan.

In a double-blind study of 24 patients with endogenous depressiona group treated with clomipramine hydrochloride (chlorimipramine) plus tryptophan was compared with a group treated with clomipramine plus placebo. The sum of the ratings for depressed mood, suicidal intent, depressive thought content, and anxiety showed a more rapid improvement in the former group, the difference being already significant after 12 days of treatment. On the other hand, the ratings for retardation decreased about equally in both groups during the three-week treatment period. Side-effect ratings showed no significant increase but seemed to be partly influenced by the improvement of depressive symptoms. Plasma levels of clomipramine appeared to reach a plateau within a few days, whereas the monodesmethylated metabolite continued to rise for a longer period of time, and reached considerably higher values than the parent compound. In the tryptophan group the degree of improvement seemed to be positively correlated to these levels, suggesting that further improvement might have been reached in some patients by increasing the dose of clomipramine. The levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid appeared to be reduced by clomipramine administration. This effect was prevented by the additional treatment with tryptophan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A law concerning sex reassignment of transsexuals in Sweden.

In 1972, a law regulating surgical and legal measures reguired for sex reassignment came into force in Sweden. The law, its practical application, and the number of transsexual cases dealt with by the National Board of Health and Welfare during the first 2 years of enforcement are described.

Disorders of Sex Development↗