Biomedical subjects

J Wiles

Publications and source records attributed to J Wiles.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

'Gentle caring experience'. Seeking alternative health care in Canada.

The starting point for this paper is a review of the literature, which seeks to explain the use of alternative medicines, therapies and practices in developed countries. Using the Statistics Canada 1996-97 National Population Health Survey--Health File, we then examine the profile of alternative service users. Our analysis shows that use of alternative health care is still limited to a relatively small segment of Canadians whose profile is similar to those in other developed countries. Women are more likely than men to use alternative medicines, therapies and practices, as are those who have higher incomes and are better educated. To move what has been an essentially empirical discussion forward, we explore critiques of conventional medical practice and propose that the analysis of alternative health care be situated within the geographies of consumption.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Reflections from a nursing home.

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Aged↗

PubMed2000

Industrial Synthesis of (+)-cis-Methyl Dihydrojasmonate by Enantioselective Catalytic Hydrogenation; Identification of the Precatalyst

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Journal Article↗

PubMed1995

The effect of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on 1500-m racing time.

Twelve athletes, all of whom regularly participated in middle- or long-distance running races at club to national standard, competed in simulated 1500-m races under three conditions: following ingestion of 300 mg sodium bicarbonate per kg of body mass (B); following ingestion of a placebo (100 mg sodium chloride per kg of body mass and 200 mg calcium carbonate per kg of body mass) (P); and following ingestion of neither (C). A double-blind protocol was used between the B and P trials. Each condition was replicated so that the athletes competed in six races. Ten of the athletes completed all the races. The athletes' average times for trials B, P and C were 253.9, 256.8 and 258.0 s, respectively. The data were analysed using a two-way ANOVA with replicates and Tukey tests. This revealed a difference between trial B and trials P and C (P < 0.05), but no difference between trials P and C. These findings, therefore, indicate that sodium bicarbonate can have an ergogenic effect upon 1500-m running.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1994

Exposure of emergency department personnel to tuberculosis: PPD testing during an epidemic in the community.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The present epidemic of tuberculosis has increased the risk of transmission of tuberculosis to health care workers in general and emergency department staff in particular, who often treat patients with tuberculosis before their diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of tuberculosis exposure among the nursing and physician staff of an urban ED. DESIGN: Observational study of self-reported purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test results and tuberculosis exposure. SETTING: Urban, public ED. PARTICIPANTS: Attending physicians, resident physicians, and registered nurses. INTERVENTIONS: None. RESULTS: Questionnaires were sent to all attending physicians, resident physicians, and registered nurses in the ED at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center requesting information on the subject's present and prior PPD status, known exposure to tuberculosis, and duration of time and average number of hours worked in the ED. Ninety-six of 129 questionnaires (74%) were returned. Five of the respondents had been immunized with Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin vaccine (BCG) and 10 of the respondents were PPD positive before beginning work in the ED. Of the other 81 respondents, 31% (25 of 81) had become PPD positive while working in the ED. The majority of these conversions (15 of 25) occurred in the first 6 months of 1993. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed nearly a 40% risk of PPD conversion after 60 months of full-time work in the ED. CONCLUSION: As measured by self-reported PPD status, a high rate of exposure to tuberculosis has been observed among the ED staff at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. The highest rate of PPD conversion has been noted most recently, suggesting that there has been a significant increase in staff exposure to tuberculosis during 1992 and the beginning of 1993. Systematic monitoring of PPD conversion rates among ED staff is necessary to determine the adequacy of ED respiratory isolation procedures during the current tuberculosis epidemic.

California↗

PubMed1991

Effect of pre-exercise protein ingestion upon VO2, R and perceived exertion during treadmill running.

The study investigated the effect of pre-exercise protein ingestion upon the oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (R) and perceived exertion (PE) of athletes during treadmill running at intensities of approximately 60, 80, 90 and 100% of their VO2max. Seventeen female athletes aged between 17 and 22 years participated in the study. Subjects completed six assessment sessions, each being preceded by one of the following dietary regimens: a protein solution ingested 3h before assessment (P3), a protein solution ingested 1 h before assessment (P1) and the ingestion of water 1-3 h before assessment (B). The subjects' VO2, R and PE were measured at all exercise intensities using standardized procedures. The results showed that P1 produced significantly higher values for VO2 (P less than 0.05) at all exercise intensities and was associated with an increased PE (P less than 0.01). The findings could have implications for athletes when considering the composition of their pre-exercise meal, especially if performing in activities which require the participants to exercise close to or at their VO2max.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Multi-dimensional treatment planning: II. Beam's eye-view, back projection, and projection through CT sections.

Three features of a fully three-dimensional treatment planning program are presented: (1) The beam's-eye-view provides the user with an accurate reproduction of anatomic features from the viewpoint of a treatment source. The source can be moved to any feasible position relative to the patient, permitting a choice which allows sensitive organs to be excluded from the beam. In this view a field defining aperture can readily be designed. (2) Back-projection of such an aperture shows the parts of the original transverse CT sections, or reconstructed sagittal or coronal sections, which may be covered by the selected beam. (3) Projection through the CT data from any desired origin provides an alignment film simulation which can be used to confirm accuracy of treatment, as well as help establish anatomic relationships relative to the margins of a treatment field.

Computers↗

PubMed1979