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Biomedical subjects

J Winterer

Publications and source records attributed to J Winterer.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adrenocorticotropin-stimulated adrenal androgen secretion in anorexia nervosa: impaired secretion at low weight with normalization after long-term weight recovery.

Adrenal androgen secretion is decreased in patients with anorexia nervosa. To assess the reversibility of the decreased secretion with recovery of body weight, we measured ACTH-stimulated adrenal androgen levels at different stages of recovery. Basal plasma GH and somatomedin-C levels also were measured, because both have been proposed as potential stimuli for adrenal androgen secretion. When studied at low body weight [58 +/- 3% (+/- SEM) ideal BW], women with anorexia nervosa had decreased ACTH-stimulated levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), DHA sulfate (DHAS), and androstenedione and decreased DHA to cortisol, DHAS to cortisol, and androstenedione to cortisol ratios compared to normal women. Women who had recently completed a refeeding program (within 2-4 weeks, 81 +/- 2% ideal BW) had an increased somatomedin-C level compared to low weight patients, but similar ACTH-stimulated adrenal androgen levels. Long term weight-recovered women (86 +/- 4% ideal BW, recovery for more than 6 months, with resumption of menses), however, had significant increases in ACTH-stimulated DHA and DHAS levels and DHA to cortisol and DHAS to cortisol ratios, and their hormone levels and ratios were not different from those in normal women. GH levels fell during weight recovery, although the values in the three patient groups did not differ significantly. We conclude that the recovery of adrenal androgen secretion while GH levels were falling provides evidence against a direct effect of GH as a stimulus for adrenal androgen secretion. The recovery of somatomedin-C before the recovery of adrenal androgens, however, and the positive correlation between plasma somatomedin-C and the integrated level of plasma DHAS (r = 0.50; P less than 0.02) are consistent with the hypothesis that somatomedin-C is a stimulus for adrenal androgen secretion.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

Caloric balance, brain to body ratio, and the timing of menarche.

Caloric availability regulates female reproductive function. Menses do not normally occur until the amount of stored fat is sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of pregnancy. Unusual energy drains such as heavy exercise cause a reversible cessation of menses. The brain appears to monitor the balance between the availability of calories and their utilization, and reproduction is suppressed when the balance is unfavorable. We postulate that the juvenile human brain, with its unique metabolic requirements, constitutes an important energy drain in the premenarchal girl, and that caloric utilization by the brain may explain the delay of reproductive competence in man. It follows that the changing energy requirements of the brain relative to the body during normal premenarchal growth may play a key role in the timing of menarche. Pathological examples of altered brain to body ratios support this hypothesis: an increase of the brain to body ratio has been observed to delay menarche, a decrease of the brain to body ratio to advance menarche. We explore several clinical implications of this hypothesis and present suggestions for its experimental evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Idiopathic precocious puberty in the chimpanzee: a case report.

A female chimpanzee developed premature sex skin swelling, breast budding, advanced bone age, and moderate estrogen effect of the vaginal cytology. Extensive radiographic and hormonal studies excluded all the known causes of precocious puberty and pseudopuberty, yielding a diagnosis of idiopathic true precocious puberty. To our knowledge this is the first observation of idiopathic true precocious puberty in a chimpanzee.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Thermal stability of a long-acting analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (D-trp6-pro9-NEt-LHRH).

The stability of solutions of a long-acting analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (D-trp6-pro9-NEt-LHRH [LHRHa] after heating to 60C for 5 days, after repeated freezing and thawing, and after refrigeration at 4C for 8 days has been examined. None of the treatments caused a detectable alteration in the HPLC profile, and none caused a significant change in biological activity in vivo. It is concluded that D-trp6-pro9-NEt-LHRH can withstand mild heating, repeated freezing and thawing, and short-term refrigeration without apparent change in HPLC profile or biological activity. It is also concluded that the results obtained with the HPLC method correlate well with the results from the in vivo bioassay.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of a protein-sparing diet and brief fast on nitrogen metabolism in mildly obese subjects.

Five young, mildly obese females consumed a formula diet providing total calories at 1.2 X basal energy expenditure and egg white protein, 1.5 gm./kg. ideal body weight (IBW), for 1 week (period 1). During period 2, lasting 3 weeks, a protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) consisted of similar amounts of egg white without nonprotein calories followed by a 1-week total fast (period 3). In the final period (4), a PSMF with the use of meat protein, 1.5 gm./kg. IBW, alone was given for 1 week. Nitrogen balance (Nbal) measurements were made in all periods, and periods 2, 3, and 4 were compared with period 1. No significant difference existed between period 1 and period 2, although Nbal improved weekly during period 2. Nitrogen excretion in period 3 was similar to that found after 3 weeks of total fasting and was significantly negative, whereas positive balances occurred in period 4 with both periods being significantly different from period 1. Thus nitrogen equilibrium in the PSMF can be achieved with the use of protein free from fat, confirming earlier experience with meat protein. The metabolic adaption which occurs during toal fasting and results in reduced nitrogen loss develops in the course of PSMF. After a deficit in lean body mass is produced, net protein anabolism can be achieved by a PSMF despite insufficinet dietary energy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Whole-body MRI in comparison to skeletal scintigraphy in detection of skeletal metastases in patients with solid tumors.

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic value of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and skeletal scintigraphy in the detection of skeletal metastases in patients with solid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-nine tumor patients were examined with whole-body MRI using coronal TIRM sequences for the different anatomical regions. Skeletal scintigraphy was performed with 99mTc-DPD. RESULTS: In 105/129 (81%) patients, the whole-body MRI and skeletal scintigraphy findings were concordant. In 56/129 (43%) patients, both imaging modalities excluded skeletal metastases. In 49/129 (38%) patients, whole-body MRI and skeletal scintigraphy revealed metastases, however whole-body MRI demonstrated more extensive disease in 22/49 (45%) cases. In 6/49 (12%) cases, skeletal scintigraphy was superior to whole-body MRI in detecting more skeletal metastases. In 24/129 (19%) cases, the imaging findings were discordant. In 15 cases, skeletal scintigraphy was negative, whereas whole-body MRI revealed skeletal metastases. In 9 cases, skeletal scintigraphy was positive, whereas whole-body MRI failed to detect these metastases. In 77/129 (60%) patients, whole-body MRI revealed additional tumor-related findings. CONCLUSION: Whole-body MRI, as a new staging method, is superior to skeletal scintigraphy with respect to the detection of skeletal metastases and the extent of metastastic disease. Furthermore, whole-body MRI yields additional tumor-related findings. Therefore, whole-body MRI should be performed as an alternative to skeletal scintigraphy for the assessment of skeletal metastases.

Adolescent↗