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Biomedical subjects

J Y Chevalier

Publications and source records attributed to J Y Chevalier.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Hemodialysis in a newborn infant with acute renal failure].

A 10-day old newborn with post-operative acute renal failure and in whom peritoneal dialysis was impossible was successfully treated by haemodialysis. The technique requires close monitoring and has some particular features, such as difficult vascular approaches, filling of the extracorporeal circuit prior to dialysis, low blood flow rate, sodium bicarbonate in the dialysis bath and high glucose intake. No major complication occurred in the 14 sessions which made it possible to overcome the acute phase of renal failure. Renal function was almost normal at the age of 9 months.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

[Familial form of total digestive aganglionosis with absence of nerve fibers].

Two familial cases of intestinal aganglionosis with lack of innervation concerning the whole digestive tract from the rectum to the esophagus are reported. The relationships between this histologic picture and that found in classical Hirschsprung's disease are discussed. The lack of obstructive symptom makes the diagnosis difficult; however, it should be suspected in the presence of intraluminal calcifications in the small bowel. The familial incidence of the condition seems to be high. A recessive autosomal transmission is likely. Neurologic signs resembling those in dysautonomia lead to suspect an extensive disorder of the development of the neural crest.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severe neonatal respiratory distress with linear inspiratory pressure-volume curve].

Twenty-four newborns with severe respiratory distress, treated by mechanical ventilation, are investigated by inspiratory pressure-volume curve. The curves are obtained by slow continuous inflation technique. Two shapes are described: concave curve, ten newborns (group I), linear curve, fourteen newborns (group II). The gestational age is over 36 weeks in both groups. Determination of respiratory mechanics is indicated when mean AaDO2 is higher than 500 torr in both groups, and when there is a hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 53 +/- 11 torr, with p less than 0.05) in group II. Mechanical ventilation is conducted with individually adjusted PEEP in group I, and without PEEP in group II. Twelve hours after; mean AaDO2 in group I (260 +/- 101 torr) and in group II (420 +/- 188 torr) are significantly different (p less than 0.05). The variance analysis in group II shows that PaCO2 and pH are normalized (p less than 0.001). All the newborns in group I recovered. Three newborns in group II died. Group I can be assimilated to hyaline membrane disease in full-term neonates. Practically, the cases of neonatal respiratory distress in which PEEP is not indicated can be identified by the functional characteristics of group II.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Venovenous single lumen cannula extracorporeal lung support in neonates. A five year experience.

The authors have developed a venovenous extracorporeal lung support technique with an original single lumen cannula to avoid the carotid ligation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). During a 5 year period, the authors have used the technique in 107 neonates (weight: 3.045 +/- 0.6 1 kg; gestational age: 38.1 +/- 2.2 weeks). All of the neonates had severe respiratory failure despite maximal conventional treatment and the same indications as those for ECMO. The venovenous technique associates extracorporeal CO2 removal and apneic oxygenation. The system includes a single lumen cannula, an alternating clamp that generates a tidal flow, and an original non-occlusive roller pump that avoids the use of a venous bladder. The PaCO2 was normal (34.6 +/- 3.9 mmHg) with a blood flow of 40-50% of the total cardiac output. Under apneic oxygenation, PaO2 improved rapidly, allowing a decrease in FiO2 and mean airway pressure, minimizing barotrauma. The mean duration of bypass was 117.8 +/- 83.9 hr, and 91 of the 107 (85%) neonates were weaned from AREC. The technical complications were less important than those associated with venoarterial ECMO. The authors conclude that AREC is as effective as venoarterial ECMO and is easier to use.

Equipment Design↗