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J Y Cosnefroy

Publications and source records attributed to J Y Cosnefroy.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Evidence in Gabon for an intrafamilial clustering with mother-to-child and sexual transmission of a new molecular variant of human T-lymphotropic virus type-II subtype B.

Following the observation of an HTLV-II seropositive 60-year-old woman living in Gabon (Central Africa), a serologic and molecular study of her family members was conducted in an attempt to determine the duration of the HTLV-II infection and the modes of transmission of the virus. Among 41 family members, five were HTLV-I seropositive and 7 exhibited specific HTLV-II antibodies in their sera as demonstrated by high immunofluorescence titers on C19 cells and/or specific Western-blot pattern. The second husband of the index case and two of his sisters were infected by the virus, suggesting the presence of HTLV-II in this family over two generations. Sequence analysis of an amplified fragment of 172 nucleotides within the gp21 of the env region (6469-6640) of four HTLV-II infected individuals revealed a new HTLV-II molecular variant of the subtype b diverging from the prototypes NRA and G12 by seven (4.1%) and five (2.9%) bases substitutions, respectively. Molecular analysis of the total env gene (1462 bp) and fragments of the pol and pX regions confirmed that this new African variant was the most divergent HTLV-II subtype b yet described, exhibiting 2.3% of nucleotide substitutions in the env gene (33 bases) as compared to the two HTLV-II b prototypes. These data demonstrate, for the first time in Africa, intrafamilial both mother-to-child transmission and sexual transmission between spouses of an HTLV-II b molecular variant, and also suggest that this virus has been present in Gabon for a long period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Invasions of Paederus sabaeus (Coleoptera Staphylinidae) in central Africa. 1. Entomological and epidemiological aspects].

In May 1993, at the end of the rainy season, outbreaks of Paederus sabaeus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) were recorded in Brazzaville (Congo), Kinshasa (Zaire), Franceville and Libreville (Gabon) and even in Bangui (CAR) at the North of the equator. A short review of previous outbreaks in Africa and on vesicant substances is given by the authors. These beetles are attracted to neon lights and they rest on the walls or on the skin of the occupants. When the insects are crushed on the bare skin their haemolymph liberate pederine and related vesicant components which provocate dermatitis. The insects disappeared spontaneously after three to four weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Tolerance and efficacy of single high-dose ivermectin for the treatment of loiasis.

A study was carried out in southeastern Gabon to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of single high doses of ivermectin in 31 Loa loa-infected subjects with low-to-moderate parasitemia (7-7,700 microfilaria/ml). The first group of 16 subjects received 300 micrograms/kg of ivermectin and, seven days later, a second group of 15 received 400 micrograms/kg. Complete clinical and biological monitoring was carried out during the first 10 days post-treatment and again after one and three months. All subjects continued with their usual activities during the study. The clinical tolerance of treatment was very good, and except in one case, only mild adverse reactions were observed, with pruritus being the most common symptom. There were no significant changes in blood or urine function test results or in hematologic results, except for a pronounced eosinophil reaction. The 400 micrograms/kg dose of ivermectin equaled or surpassed in tolerance that of 300 micrograms/kg dose. After treatment, L. loa microfilaremia decreased rapidly to less than 9% of the pretreatment value by day 10. This decrease was enhanced with the 400 micrograms/kg dose, although differences between the two groups diminished slightly with time. At 100 days post-treatment, the microfilaremia was still at less than 10% of the initial values in the two groups, which may indicate an effect of ivermectin on the adult worms.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Blastomycosis localized in the brain stem].

A 33-year old male Tunisian developed, without any apparent cause, an abscess of the brainstem which was shown by various mycological investigations to be due to a Blastomyces dermatitidis infection. This case is of interest not only because of the exceptional location of the abscess in the brainstem, but also because of its treatment: this was the first case where the fluconazole-flucytosine combination was used against blastomycosis with fully satisfactory results after a 28-month follow-up.

Adult↗