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Biomedical subjects

J Y Luo

Publications and source records attributed to J Y Luo.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on growth performance of broilers.

(1) This in vivo trial was conducted to study the effects of polysaccharide extracts of two mushrooms, Lentinus edodes (LenE) and Tremella fuciformis (TreE), and a herb, Astragalus membranaceus (AstE) on growth performance, and the weights of organs and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chickens. (2) Three extracts (LenE, TreE and AstE) were supplemented at inclusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/kg from 7 to 14 d of age and compared with an antibiotic treatment group (20 mg/kg, virginiamycin (VRG) as well as a group of non-supplemented birds. (3) Body weight (BW) gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the extract-supplemented groups were not significantly different from those of the antibiotic group. Significant effects of type of extract and concentration on growth performance were found from 7 to 28 d of age. Generally, birds fed with LenE showed higher BW gain and lower FCR from 7 to 28 d of age than those fed with TreE and AstE and 2 g/kg LenE was considered the optimal inclusion rate for enhanced broiler growth. However, the extracts had no significant effect on the relative weights of organs and GIT compared with the antibiotic group. (4) The birds fed the extracts showed better growth performance than the non-supplemented birds, but were not significantly different from those fed VRG. Of the three extracts, LenE appeared to be a potential growth promoter. Future studies are needed to investigate whether the extracts can be used as alternatives for antibiotic growth promoters in challenged birds, and to elucidate the mechanisms for potentially enhanced growth performance in poultry.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed2004

Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on the cecal microbial ecosystem in broiler chickens.

An in vivo experiment was conducted to study the potential prebiotic effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharide extracts, Lentinus edodes extract (LenE), Tremella fuciformis extract, and Astragalus membranaceus Radix extract, on chicken growth and the cecal microbial ecosystem, as compared with the antibiotic Apramycin (APR). This investigation was carried out in terms of a dose-response study. The chickens were naturally infected with avian Mycoplasma gallisepticum prior to the experiment. The BW gain, cecal pH, viscosity, and predominant microbial populations were measured 1 wk after the extract and APR treatments. The extracts and APR significantly stimulated growth of the chickens infected with avian Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The average BW gain of the groups fed with the extracts was significantly lower than that of the antibiotic group. The extracts had no significant effect on cecal pH. However, cecal viscosity and microbial populations were significantly affected by feeding extracts and antibiotic. In contrast to APR, the extracts stimulated the number of the potentially beneficial bacteria (bifidobacteria and lactobacilli), while reducing the number of the potentially harmful bacteria (Bacteroides spp. and Escherichia coli). Of the 3 extracts, LenE was associated with the most cecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. With each increase in the LenE dose, birds tended to have higher BW gain and total aerobe and anaerobe counts. Numbers of predominant cecal bacteria, in particular, E. coli, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli, were significantly increased with increases in the LenE dose. It would seem that these specific mushroom and herb polysaccharide extracts hold some promise as potential modifiers of intestinal microbiota in diseased chickens.

Agaricales↗
PubMed1992

Magnesium levels in middle ear fluids and sera in otitis media with effusion.

Middle ear fluids (MEE) and matched sera (S) were obtained from 50 patients with serous otitis media and magnesium levels were measured to determine if magnesium concentration was distinctly varied in otitis media with effusion (OME). The MEE/S ratio was considerably raised along with transient sensory hearing loss in chronic OME when compared with acute OME. The higher magnesium level found in the MEE implies that it is probably produced locally by the middle ear mucosa and may contribute to the hearing loss found. We also regard the MEE/S ratio as a prognostic factor in OME.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Studies on dissolution of icariin from wuxian huichun capsules].

The accumulated dissolution of icariin from the traditional Chinese Wuxian Huichun capsules has been determined by roll-basket and three-wavelength UV spectrophotometry within 100 minutes. The values of T50 and Td for samples c, d are significantly greater than those for a, b. It is thus essential to determine the dissolution as a means to control the quality of capsules.

Capsules↗
PubMed1992

[24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. An analysis of 21 cases].

Esophageal pH monitoring was carried out with self-made portable pH recorder in 21 subjects for 24 hours under normal conditions. The results were as follows: the number of physiological gastroesophageal reflux (GER, pH < 4) was less than 23 times; the percentage of GER duration calculated by dividing the cumulative time of pH less than 4 by the total monitoring time was less than 1.4; the percentage was about 2 in upright position and less than 0.2 in lying position; the duration of the longest reflux episode was less than 5 minutes; the physiological gastroesophageal reflux occurred more often in upright position; while the pathological GER took place both in upright and lying position. Our study also indicated that the degree of esophagitis had no relation with the type of GER.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Gastric elimination research on patients with gastric disease].

Liquid elimination function of the stomach was studied in 41 patients and 9 normal subjects by using SPECT technique. The result suggested that six kinds of the liquid elimination curve of stomach can be classified. Patients with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer mostly were kinds of slow elimination (1) and (2). Normal subjects mostly were kind of (6). The pathophysiologic significance of six kinds liquid elimination pattern needs further research.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Microscopical examination of leaf sheathes of the Chinese drug "Shihu", herba dendrobii].

"Shihu", a famous Chinese traditional drug, is used to replenish the vital essence of the lung and stomach, to clear up the excessive heat and to promote the secretion of the body fluid. The commercial crude drugs under the general name "Shihu" are mostly derived from a number of species of the genus Dendrobium. It is difficult to identify exactly the botanical origin of these crude drugs through macroscopical examination. In order to tackle this problem, the leaf sheathes of the stems of 16 species of the genus Dendrobium are examined microscopically and the characteristics of their epidermal cells and calcium oxalate crystals are compared. The diagnostic features found are proved to be useful for the identification of the botanical origin of commercial samples of the "Shihu". In this paper the microscopical characters of 16 Dendrobium species are described with illustration.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1989

[A study on the morphologic and dynamics of abnormality of the esophagus and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with asthma].

This paper reported the results of esophageal manometry, PH recording, X-ray and endoscopy of 55 patients of asthma and 19 controls. The results showed the patients of asthma had a higher incidence of esophageal morphological abnormalities (63.6%) and GER (65.5%) while LES static pressure was lower. In the group A (n = 34) with GER symptom, the incidence of esophageal morphological abnormalities (88.2%) and esophageal dynamic abnormality (32.4%) were significantly higher than those of group B without GER symptom (n = 21) (23.5%) (5%) and controls (15.7%) (5%). Therefore, we considered that for those asthmatics with digestive symptoms it is beneficial to take an examination of the esophagus.

Adult↗