Generalized tonic seizures associated with ganglioglioma: successful treatment with surgical resection.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
J Y Ryu
Publications and source records attributed to J Y Ryu.
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced I-kappaB degradation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB): minor role in hepatic detoxifying enzyme expression.
AIMS/BACKGROUND: Dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) is active against a variety of hepatotoxins and has been used as a curative agent for patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis. Effects of DDB on the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin involved in inflammatory responses, were examined in rats and in RAW264.7 cells to investigate mechanistic aspects. METHODS: Expression of hepatic cytochrome P450s, microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferases was determined by immunoblot and Northern blot analyses. Activation of hepatic NF-kappaB and I-kappaBalpha degradation was assessed by gel mobility shift and immunoblot analyses, respectively. LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression was monitored in rats and in RAW264.7 cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and/or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS: DDB failed to alter the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A and 2C11, microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutathione S-transferases in rats with slight inhibition of P450 2E1 expression, but induced P450 2B1/2. Pretreatment of rats with DDB prevented LPS-induced hepatic I-kappaBalpha degradation and the resultant NF-kappaB activation, and inhibited the LPS-induced plasma TNF-alpha protein and hepatic TNF-alpha mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. LPS-induced I-kappaBalpha degradation and TNF-alpha production were also inhibited by DDB in RAW264.7 cells, which was consistent with the results in rats. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that DDB may inhibit inflammatory responses in association with reduction of NF-kappaB activation through prevention of I-kappaBalpha degradation and subsequent TNF-alpha production, but not with modulation of the detoxifying enzyme expression.
Animals↗
Applicability of ABC-ELISA and protein A-ELISA in serological diagnosis of cysticercosis.
Specific antibody test in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is still the main mode of serological diagnosis of cysticercosis. Of different techniques of antibody test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (micro-ELISA) has widely been applied. This study was undertaken to observe whether diagnostic capability can be improved by applying more sensitive techniques such as Protein A-ELISA and avidin biotin complex ELISA (ABC-ELISA). When evaluated using 115 sera of human cysticercosis, the antibody positive rates were not significantly improved in Protein A-ELISA (82.6%) and in ABC-ELISA (86.1%) than in micro-ELISA (81.7%). The specificities, evaluated in 165 sera from other diseases and normal controls, were significantly improved (88.5% by micro-ELISA, 93.3% by Protein A-ELISA and 93.8% by ABC-ELISA). Antibody levels (absorbance, abs.) in individual serum were correlated well (r = 0.83-0.86) each other. An actual benefit of Protein A-ELISA and ABC-ELISA was that they needed smaller amount of test sample.
Antibodies, Helminth↗
Functional ranges of motion of the wrist joint.
We have examined 40 normal subjects (20 men and 20 women) to determine the ideal range of motion required to perform activities of daily living. The amount of wrist flexion and extension, as well as radial and ulnar deviation, was measured simultaneously by means of a biaxial wrist electrogoniometer. The entire battery of evaluated tasks could be achieved with 60 degrees of extension, 54 degrees of flexion, 40 degrees of ulnar deviation, and 17 degrees of radial deviation, which reflects the maximum wrist motion required for daily activities. The majority of the hand placement and range of motion tasks that were studied in this project could be accomplished with 70 percent of the maximal range of wrist motion. This converts to 40 degrees each of wrist flexion and extension, and 40 degrees of combined radial-ulnar deviation. This study provides normal standards for the functional range of motion of the wrist.
Activities of Daily Living↗
SSMB syndrome. Symptomatic supernumerary muscle belly syndrome.
Supernumerary muscle bellies (SMBs) of the forearm, common anatomic variant, are usually asymptomatic but can produce a debilitating pain syndrome that is secondary to a tendon-muscle shear phenomenon. This shear phenomenon seems to occur when a SMB is attached to another muscle and the excursion of the two units are different, thus parts of a muscle unit are prevented from migrating proximally on contraction of the entire muscle. The anomalous muscle may have either greater excursion, as in an anomalous palmaris longus attached to the flexor digitorum superficialis, or less excursion, as in an anomalous superficialis muscle attached to the carpus. The shear at the interface between different muscle-tendon units produces a burning pain that usually is localized to the distal one-third of the forearm. Surgical excision of the abnormal restricting muscle or tendon component relieves the symptom complex and restores the ability to apply full power. Observation on typical cases, diagnostic methods, operative technique, and results of the syndrome suggest that SSMB may be responsible for undiagnosed and untreated instances of distal forearm complaints.
Adolescent↗
Matched distal ulnar resection.
Painful disorders of the distal radioulnar joint severely limit the work capability of the hand. Until recently, the standard treatment for this problem has been transverse resection of the distal ulna, as originally proposed by Darrach. A technique for a "matched" resection arthroplasty of the distal ulna, leaving the ulnar shaft--styloid axis along with the triangular fibrocartilage complex and the distal ulnar ligamentous attachments intact, has been used since 1967. This procedure resects the distal ulna in a long, smooth, convex curve, matching the opposing surface of the concave radial metaphysis in three dimensions. Forty-four wrists were followed for an average of 6.5 years and showed that the procedure is reliable and relieves pain while retaining a more normal ulnocarpal, radioulnar, and radiocarpal alignment, with painless pronation averaging 80.5 degrees and supination of 88.5 degrees.
Adolescent↗
Temperature dependence of DCDD/F isomer distributions from chlorophenol precursors.
The temperature dependence of the gas-phase, rate-limited formation of dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (DCDD) and dichlorodibenzofuran (DCDF) isomers from 2,6-dichlorophenol and 3-chlorophenol, respectively, has been studied experimentally in an isothermal flow reactor over the range 300-900 degrees C under pyrolytic, oxidative and catalytic conditions and computationally using semi-empirical molecular orbital methods. At high temperatures, distributions of sets of DCDD/F condensation products are consistent with the calculated thermodynamic distributions, indicating that the relative rates of formation are governed by differences in symmetry and steric hindrance present in the isomer product structures. At low temperatures, however, this is not the case. In the case of 1,6- and 1,9-DCDD formed from 2, 6-dichlorophenol via Smiles rearrangement, the 1,6 isomer is favored at low temperatures more than thermodynamically predicted. This result appears to be consistent with kinetic effects of either the expansion of the five-membered ring Smiles intermediate or a lower activation energy six-membered ring intermediate pathway that produces only the 1,6 isomer. For formation of 1,7-, 3,7- and 1,9-DCDF from 3-chlorophenol, the 1,7 isomer fraction increases at low temperatures whereas thermodynamics predicts a decrease. This result can be attributed to steric effects in alternative "sandwich-type" approach geometries of phenoxy radicals to form the o,o'-dihydroxybiphenyl (DOHB) intermediate via its keto-tautomers. Higher level molecular theory (ab initio) is needed to provide a more quantitative description of these kinetics.
Journal Article↗