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Biomedical subjects

J Ylinen

Publications and source records attributed to J Ylinen.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Muscle strength, pain, and disease activity explain individual subdimensions of the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index, especially in women with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the extent to which muscle strength and performance, pain, and disease activity are associated with the total Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability index and its subdimensions in male and female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: HAQ for functional capacity was completed by 135 patients with rheumatoid arthritis referred for orthopaedic surgery (74% women; mean (SD) age 62 (10) years; disease duration 19 (13) years, 70% positive for rheumatoid factor). Knee extension, trunk extension and flexion, grip strength, walking speed, and sit-to-stand test were measured to mirror physical function. Radiographs of hands and feet, pain, and the modified 28 joint disease activity score (DAS28) were also assessed. RESULTS: Mean total HAQ was 1.08 (0.68) in women and 0.67 (0.70) in men (p = 0.0031). Women had greater disability than men in five of the eight subdimensions of the HAQ. Grip strength was 48%, knee extension strength 46%, trunk extension strength 54%, and trunk flexion strength 43% lower in women than in men. Knee extension strength was inversely correlated with walking time (r = -0.63 (95% confidence interval, -0.73 to -0.51)) and with sit-to-stand test (r = -0.47 (-0.60 to -0.31)). In an ordered logistic regression analysis in female rheumatoid patients, DAS28, pain, knee extension strength, and grip strength were associated with the total HAQ disability index. CONCLUSIONS: Women reported greater disability than men both in the total HAQ and in the majority of its eight subdimensions. In addition to disease activity and pain, muscle strength has a major impact on disability especially in female rheumatoid patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2005

Cervical muscle strength measurement in two groups of elite Greco-Roman and free style wrestlers and a group of non-athletic subjects.

BACKGROUND: Free style and Greco-Roman are two types of wrestling. [figure: see text] OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the maximal isometric strength of cervical extension (ISCE) and the maximal isometric strength of cervical flexion (ISCF) in two groups of elite wrestlers and a group of non-athletic subjects. METHODS: Fourteen elite Greco-Roman wrestlers (aged 19-25 years), 16 elite free style wrestlers (aged 18-25 years), and 16 non-athletic subjects (aged 18-25 years) participated in this study. All wrestlers competed at international level with the Iranian national team. Maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) of cervical extensor and flexor muscles were measured using a custom made device. The ratios of ISCE to weight (ISCE/weight), ISCF to weight (ISCF/weight), and ISCF to ISCE (ISCF/ISCE) were calculated for group comparisons. Pearson product moment test was used to estimate correlation between maximal isometric strength measurements and anthropometric variables. A one way analysis of variance was computed to compare ISCE/weight, ISCF/weight, and ISCF/ISCE among groups. RESULTS: There was significant correlation between maximum cervical extension and flexion strengths and weight in all groups (p<0.05, n = 46). The ratios of cervical muscle strengths to weight were significantly higher in wrestlers than in non-athletic subjects (p<0.00). Greco-Roman wrestlers appeared to be stronger than free style wrestlers following comparison of all ratios. CONCLUSIONS: Neck muscle force measurements may be a useful test for athletes in combat sports like wrestling. They can be applied to identify the weakness of a group of muscles in the neck area and to devise a proper training program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Pain and joint mobility explain individual subdimensions of the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) disability index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the associations between individual subdimensions of the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and clinical variables in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: 304 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (73% female, mean (SD) age, 58 (13) years; disease duration 6 (9) years, 69% rheumatoid factor positive) completed the HAQ for functional capacity (0-3) and a 100 mm visual analogue scale for pain. Grip strength, range of motion of the large joints, Larsen score for radiographic damage of hand and foot joints, and the number of tender and swollen joints were recorded. A logit regression model was used to study associations between subdimensions of the HAQ and other variables. RESULTS: Mean (range) total HAQ score was 0.92 (0 to 2.88) and varied from 0.73 to 1.04 in the subdimensions. Disability was lowest in the "walking" and highest in the "reach" subdimension. Pain was an explanatory variable in all individual subdimensions. Decreased grip strength, limitation of shoulder and wrist motion, and a larger number of swollen and tender joints in the upper extremities were related to several subdimensions. A higher pain score and swollen joint count in the upper extremities, decreased grip strength, and limited motion of wrist, shoulder, and knee joints explained increased disability (higher total HAQ scores). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, pain and range of movements of joints have the greatest impact on individual subdimensions of the HAQ. Extent of radiographic damage in peripheral joints and the number of swollen and tender joints are of lesser importance for function.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron) reduces perioperative blood loss associated with total knee arthroplasty.

In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, we have investigated the effect of an antifibrinolytic agent, tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron), on blood loss and transfusion requirements associated with total knee arthroplasty. Twenty-nine patients were allocated randomly to receive either tranexamic acid 15 mg kg-1 or an equal volume of placebo a few minutes before a tourniquet was deflated. Blood loss during surgery, in the recovery room and on the surgical ward was recorded, together with the number of units of blood transfused in hospital. Mean blood loss during surgery was 428 (SD 254) ml in the tranexamic acid group (n = 15) compared with 415 (244) ml in the placebo group (n = 13). In the recovery room the tranexamic acid group lost 127 (95) ml and the placebo group 576 (245) ml (P < 0.001). On the ward the respective volumes were 293 (200) ml and 558 (293) ml (P < 0.01). Total blood loss was 847 (356) ml in the tranexamic acid group and 1549 (574) ml in the placebo group (P < 0.001). During the hospital stay the treatment group received 1.5 (1.3) units of blood compared with 3.3 (1.8) in the control group (P < 0.005). Two patients in the placebo group experienced a thrombotic complication compared with none in the treatment group. We conclude that tranexamic acid reduced perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements associated with total knee arthroplasty.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Clinical use of neck isometric strength measurement in rehabilitation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate for diagnostic purposes the isometric strength of the neck flexor and extensor muscles in 56 patients with neck and shoulder pain and to quantify the effect of a specific rehabilitation program. An isometric measurement protocol was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 3-week rehabilitation program that included physiotherapy, stretching, aerobic exercises, and circuit training to improve arm, shoulder, and neck muscle strength. In the beginning, mean neck flexor muscle isometric strength was 83N (+/- 48 SD) and extensor muscle strength 158N (+/- 76 SD), whereas after rehabilitation the strength measurements were 117N (+/- 43 SD) and 207N (+/- 84 SD) respectively. There was a significant increase in the ability to push forward and backward, which correlated with the lessening of neck pain and disability found at the end of the program (p < .05). Isometric strength measurement is a useful and practical method of objectively showing a functional improvement in response to rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Digital tissue compliance meter.

Tissue compliance measurements were used for documentation of soft tissue consistency and made possible the diagnosis of muscle spasm and the effects of treatment. We have developed a new digital electronic operated tissue compliance meter to quantify the soft tissue hardness and resistance more objectively than the conventional hand-held mechanical tissue compliance meters. The ranges of measurements were able to perform to a maximum depth of 50 millimeters from the body surface with maximal load of 4000 grams. In lateral epicondylitis was demonstrated the effect of treatment by increase of total work (area).

Compartment Syndromes↗