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Biomedical subjects

J Zak

Publications and source records attributed to J Zak.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Flow cytometric analysis of HLA-DR antigen in conjunctival epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis.

PURPOSE: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disorder. The disease affects all secretory epithelia including the eye and belongs to the group of ocular surface epithelial diseases, termed keratoconjunctivitis sicca that develop in dry eye. In the pathogenesis of dry eye, inflammation plays a crucial role. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of HLA-DR on conjunctival epithelial cells from patients with CF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with CF and 25 normal subjects underwent ocular examination. Tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer test, lissamine green staining, and conjunctival impression cytology were carried out. Cells were processed for flow cytometry, by using monoclonal antibodies to HLA-DR. RESULTS: The Schirmer test and TBUT scores were significantly lower in CF patients compared with controls. A significant increase of HLA-DR expression on epithelial cells was found in patients with CF compared with normal eyes. The Schirmer and TBUT test were positively correlated with HLA-DR expression for the percentage of cells. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that conjunctival epithelial cells play an important proinflammatory role in ocular changes in CF patients. Our findings confirm the presence of an inflammatory background and the immune nature of this disease. HLA-DR measurement might be a useful method for monitoring of inflammatory processes in the conjunctiva and could be helpful in the use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of ocular findings in CF patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Intraabdominal pressure after rectal resections.

The mean correlation curves of the intraabdominal pressure over time were evaluated by regression analysis (value 0.05) in both groups. The curves had a rising character in both groups, but in the control group the curve rose more steeply and reached a higher level than the curve of studied group. The onset of peristalsis, first flatus and stool took a shorter time in the studied group. (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 5.)

Abdomen↗
PubMed2002

Significance of a prolonged postoperative bowel paralysis in complete dehiscence of laparotomy wound.

We performed 910 laparotomies in the years 1998-1999. Complete dehiscence of a laparotomy wound was observed in 18 cases. We compare the duration of postoperative bowel paralysis in patients with and without eventration. The statistical comparison of the two groups was performed with the Wilcoxon test, the level of significance was set to 5%. We have found that the duration of postoperative bowel paralysis was significantly longer in the group of patients with eventration. (Tab. 4, Ref. 5.).

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Fournier's gangrene].

Fournier's gangrene, although bearing the eponymous name of J.A. Fournier, was first reported by Baurienne in 1764 and 1883. His description was characterized by an abrupt onset of a rapidly progressive gangrene of the scrotum in otherwise healthy young males with an absence of a specific causative agent. Today, the frontiers of Fournier's gangrene have expanded to include all cases of necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and external genitalia males and females from all age groups. All the patients were treated with antibiotics, surgical debridement and frequent wound dressings with hypertonis saline, hydrogen peroxide, colostomy and epicystostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Peripheral blood T, B lymphocytes and NK cells in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease with progressive destruction of the bile ducts and cholestasis. The most of epithelial cells in the bile ducts has molecule MHC I and II class expression which induced intensive immunological reaction and produced antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA). It leads to the destruction of own cells in PBC. The main part in the development of the disease have T cells, B cells, and NK cells. We analyzed subpopulation of lymphocytes in peripheral blood in 16 patients with PBC by flow cytometry. We noted statistically significant increase of NK CD16+ + CD56+ cell value and activated T CD3+ + HLA DR+ cell value in peripheral blood in PBC. Slightly increase in the value of CD4+ cells and slightly decreased CD8+ cell value were observed. However, the CD4/CD8 ratio was elevated statistically and it was 2.3 (healthy subjects--1.7). Lymphocyte T and B subpopulations remained normal. The results showed that the main role in PBC is played by NK cells and activated T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Autoimmune thrombocytopenia in chronic liver disease].

Thrombocytopenia (TP) often accompanies chronic liver diseases. The causes are numerous and include impaired production of blood platelets, spleen sequestration, and the immune factors, e.g. antiplatelet autoantibodies. ELISA (GTI-PAKPLUS) examinations were conducted in order to estimate the rate of autoimmune thrombocytopenia occurrence in patients with thrombocytopenia in the course of chronic hepatitis (10 patients) and liver cirrhosis (20 patients). Blood platelet activity was also evaluated as well as the expression of platelet glycoproteins (GPIIb, GPIIIa, and GPIX) in platelets of the patients and the controls. It was observed that autoimmune TP occurred in 30% of patients with liver cirrhosis and in 10% of patients with chronic hepatitis, in which anti-GPIIb/IIIa, GPIa/IIa, and HLA class I antibodies were detected. In all patients there occurred significant/marked platelet activation with CD61P expression. Thrombocytopenia in patients showed a similar activity after thrombin stimulation to that in healthy individuals. Expression on GPIIb platelet receptors was markedly increased and GPIX decreased in patients in comparison to the controls. There was no correlation between the occurrence of certain types of anti-platelet autoantibodies and the expression of GP on thrombocytes in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

High-resistance MDCK-C7 monolayers used for measuring invasive potency of tumour cells.

We describe an electrophysiological method for evaluating the intrinsic invasive potency of tumour cells using renal cells as an in vitro assay system. A high-resistance clone of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK-C7) was grown to confluency in a filter cup. Transepithelial electrical resistance across the MDCK-C7 monolayer was measured in a commercially available electrode chamber. After a transepithelial electrical resistance of about 4,000 omega cm2 had been reached, human melanoma or pancreatic carcinoma cells were co-cultivated with the MDCK-C7 monolayer. Both carcinoma cell lines induced resistance breakdown measured after 24 h or later depending on seeding density and cell type. Seeding carcinoma cells on the basolateral surface of MDCK-C7 cells caused a similar decrease in transepithelial resistance of the MDCK-C7 monolayer. Resistance breakdown indicates opening of tight junctions prior to tumour cell invasion. In conclusion, the high-resistance MDCK-C7 cell clone could serve as a valuable biological assay system to determine electrically the metastatic potency of tumour cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Hematologic parameters in the cord blood labor complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid].

The aim of our study was to compare hematological values of the cord blood in the presence and absence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). MSAF was associated with decreased total platelet count, increased values of platelet distribution width and red blood cell distribution width. The mean nucleated red blood cells was significantly higher in meconium group. The values of red blood cells, white blood cells, reticulocytes counts and their fractions (HFR,MFR,LFR,IFR) were no different in cord blood of neonate exposed to meconium and in those who were not. These findings can suggest that MSAF contribute to fetal infection rather than hypoxia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Neurogennic blastoma of the retroperitoneum in the abdominal cavity].

Two statistically irrelevant case histories of abdominal dissemination of malignant neuroblastoma with the retroperitoneum confirm the preference of an active surgical approach even in onstensible hopeless malignant disseminations of unknown origin. Via the achievement of extensive cytoreduction, the terrain become ready for subsequent complex therapy, with the possibility of Sugarbaker's operation (peritonectomia) with hypertermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[Acute necrotizing pancreatitis--a constant surgical problem].

The treatment of each patient admitted for the diagnose of acute pancreatitis requires a very individual approach. It is necessary to consider the possibility of severe complications. Currently, there is no specific therapeutic measure to prevent the development of pathogenic processes. In addition to all modes of supportive therapy and surgical sanatation of the local finding, it is necessary to retain the energetic intake by means of parenteral and enteral modes of nutrition provision.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The evaluation of lymphocyte subpopulation by flow cytometry in healthy children].

Seeing that amount of experiences concerning the cytometry of lymphocyte subpopulation in particular age ranges is very low we considered that undertaking this subject is useful. By the method of flow cytometry 49 children at the age from 2 months to 15 years were studied. According to the results of our studies we found, starting from the third year of life decrease of mean percentage values of cells CD19+, progressive in relation to the age, increase of mean percentage values of cells CD2+, increase of percentage values of cells CD8+ and cells CD56++ and the decrease of mean values of the indicator Th/Ts. Remaining CD3, CD4 did not show any statistically significant differences in investigated age ranges. Determined by the method of flow cytometry the percentage and complete values of lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood in investigated age ranges can make the reference values in the assessment of immunological state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of Helicobacter pylori colonisation and associated gastric inflammatory changes: difference between patients with duodenal and gastric ulcers.

AIMS: To determine the gastric distribution of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal and gastric ulcers; and to examine the mucosal inflammatory response. METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed, uncomplicated duodenal and gastric ulcers were endoscoped and two biopsy specimens each taken from the antrum and the body. Specimens were evaluated blind by one pathologist to determine H pylori activity (scored 0-3) and inflammatory changes (according to the Sydney classification). RESULTS: Adequate biopsy material was obtained from 40 and 44 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, respectively. Although antral colonisation with H pylori was more common in the antrum of the latter, the organism was equally likely to be found in the body of both sets of patients; the density of colonisation was higher in those with gastric ulcers. Active gastritis and mucosal atrophy were more common in the body of those with gastric ulcers; intestinal metaplasia was also more common in the antrum of these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Gastritis in patients with duodenal ulcers is mainly antral, but the incidence of gastric body colonisation with H pylori seems to be the same in patients with either type of ulcer. There is, however, a significant difference in colonisation density. The cause and importance of this are not obvious and may be related to either host or organism factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Abdominal tuberculosis: still a potentially lethal disease.

The findings in a 4-yr survey of 82 patients with abdominal tuberculosis are described and compared with those encountered in previous surveys. Fourteen cases of intestinal, 11 of mesenteric-lymphnodal, and 57 of peritoneal tuberculosis were identified. The disease occurred essentially in patients living under worsening socioeconomic conditions, and 51 of them had associated pulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms and clinical findings were again nonspecific, but newer imaging, endoscopic, and other invasive procedures were helpful in establishing a definite diagnosis. In addition, adenosine deaminase determination showed great promise as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure in patients with tuberculous ascites. The six hospital deaths in the series highlight the hazard of potentially lethal delays in early diagnosis and treatment, even in centers with a high awareness of the disease.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗