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Biomedical subjects

J van Niekerk

Publications and source records attributed to J van Niekerk.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Remifentanil-sevoflurane anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: comparison of three dose regimens.

The objective of this study was to determine a dosing regimen for remifentanil-sevoflurane anaesthesia that achieves an optimal balance between quality of anaesthesia and time to recovery. Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly allocated to receive 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 MAC (minimal alveolar concentration) of sevoflurane combined with remifentanil as required to maintain stable anaesthesia. For induction of anaesthesia, the remifentanil dose was 25 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) and the mean propofol dose which was required to obtain loss of consciousness was 1.59 mg x kg(-1). During the maintenance phase, the mean remifentanil dose was 16.0, 14.1 and 13.0 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) for the 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 MAC groups, respectively. The mean sevoflurane maintenance dose was 0.91, 1.24 and 2.1% end-tidal for the 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 MAC groups, respectively. The incidence of somatic responses was significantly higher in the 0.4 MAC sevoflurane group. Recovery times were significantly faster in the 0.4 compared to the 0.8 and 1.2 MAC groups and in the 0.8 compared to the 1.2 MAC group. The combination of 14 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) remifentanil and 1.24% end-tidal sevoflurane achieved the optimal balance between the quality, and recovery from anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epidurography in premature infants.

A caudal epidural catheter was inserted in 20 premature, high risk infants for abdominal or thoracic surgery under combined caudal epidural and general anaesthesia. Epidurography was used to confirm the position of the catheter which was found to be misplaced in three patients. The catheter penetrated the dura in one case, in another the tip was located in an epidural vessel and in the third the catheter was seen to be curled up within the epidural space. It was concluded that epidurographic control is essential with this method of anaesthesia in very small infants, in whom it was found to provide considerable advantages despite serious risks.

Anesthesia, Caudal↗
PubMed1980

Lymph drainage of the major joints of the porcine forelimb.

The lymph drainage of the major joints of the porcine forelimb was subjected to a critical examination. Commercial India ink was injected into the left elbow joint and right shoulder joint of an experimental pig. The shoulder joint was approached craniolaterally, the injection site being at the cranial border of the tendon of insertion of the infraspinatus muscle. The elbow joint was approached from the dorsolateral aspect. A suitable site for intra-articular injection into the elbow joint was found to be within an imaginary triangle formed caudal to the lateral epicondyloid crest of the humerus, the ventral border of the lateral head of the M. triceps brachii, and a line just dorsal to the olecranon. The lymph nodes of the neck and shoulder region were carefully exposed and examined for any discoloration due to the ink. The dissection of the lymph vessels and lymph nodes showed that the Lnn, axillares primae costae drained the elbow and shoulder joint after the intra-articular injection of India ink.

Animals↗