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Biomedical subjects

János Fehér

Publications and source records attributed to János Fehér.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin as the marker of alcohol abuse].

The quantity of usual alcohol consumption is a fact that can be determined from the anamnesis of patients. In many cases patients do not inform their doctors in detail, in some cases they want to keep it a secret. The diagnosis of alcohol abuse based on objective data is a necessary requirement in clinical, insurance, as well as in forensic medicine. Among the different biomarkers of chronic alcohol abuse, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin is recognized world wide as the most reliable indicator. The authors review the pathomechanism of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in the human organism, the methods for its measurement and its role in the diagnostic procedures of alcohol induced clinical diseases, as well as its decisive role for life insurance and in forensic medicine.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2006

[Alopecia areata caused by extreme solar abuse].

The Authors present a female patient who suffered from alopecia areata caused by extreme solar abuse. Biological effects of ionizing radiation, the damages by free radicals and protection against oxidative damage are summarized. The main forms and risk factors of UV-radiation, skin damages by UV-light as well as the pathogenesis of the alopecia areata are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Nutrition and cardiovascular mortality].

About 17 million persons die in cardiovascular disease yearly in the world. Most part of this disease can be prevented by the elimination of primary risk factors, thus by the abolishment of unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity and by the absence of smoking. The cost-effective national program, as well as the life style with decreasing individual risk factors can give a trend to decrease the cardiovascular mortality. Individually the usual blood pressure and cholesterol control, the inhibition of obesity and the life style without smoking are able to decrease the organic changes, which produce the lethal consequences of this disease. The different kinds of diets can significantly influence the development of human diseases. The Western diet has atherogenic effect, increases the risk of myocardial infarction. The Mediterranean diet beneficially influences the life expectancy at birth. The Far-East Japanese diet could specially be important from the viewpoint of nutrition, because the longest life expectancy at birth and the smallest cardiovascular mortality can be found there. The quality nutrition factors (vitamins, vitamin like materials, polyphenols in wine and fruit juices, trace elements, omega-3 fatty acids) play an important role in the decreasing of oxidative stress and cardiovascular mortality.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2006

[Granulomatous hepatitis successfully treated with ursodeoxycholic acid].

The etiology of granulomatous hepatitis is extremely extensive for which the granulomatous reaction induced hepatic inflammation is characteristic. In the majority of cases it is part of a systemic disease but sometimes there is primer hepatic lesion in the background. The 21 year-old Caucasian female patient was taken to hospital having flu-like symptoms and icterus. While searching for the cause of her cholestatic hepatocellular lesion infections, tumors, storage diseases were excluded. However the root cause could not be identified. The histology showed granulomatous reaction, inflammation, intrahepatic bile duct proliferation and micronodular cirrhosis in the liver tissue. Taken it into consideration together with the the clinical picture and the laboratory findings primer sclerosing cholangitis was rendered probable. Her state deteriorated and even the necessity of liver transplantation emerged. The patient was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid which resulted in remission lasting for years now. Two years after the onset of the hepatic disease pancolitis ulcerosa with affection of the ileum terminalis was found in the patient which supports the diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[HCV infection from the viewpoint of medical law].

More than 200 million people worldwide and 0.7 percent of the population in Hungary are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The consequent chronic viral hepatitis and its complications as well as the big population affected make HCV-infection an important medical issue. In addition to that the infection which is transmitted nowadays mainly by intravenous drug use and use of body jewelry, tattooing and sexual in some cases, and by blood transfusion in the past, raises several questions related to law as well. The authors give a short overview of the legal concerns of HCV infection highlighting some concrete juridical procedures in the present paper.

Beauty Culture↗
PubMed2006

[The role of antioxidants in prevention].

The imbalance between free radical formation and the mechanisms involved in eliminating them results in oxidative stress which lies at the baseline of many diseases. There are many pathological conditions that can be prevented or even be cured by the application of antioxidants. Food containing plenty of natural antioxidants is very important in the maintenance of health and in the prevention of many illnesses. In some diseases supplementation of antioxidants in the proper form and dosage may be irrelevant. According to nutrigenomics the biologically active components of nutrition, including antioxidants, have an influence on the body in every single cell at all levels. Therefore the quality of nutrients is one of the important factors determining the appropriate cell function.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2006

[Association of chronic hepatitis C and lichen planus--in two patients].

UNLABELLED: Relationship between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and lichen planus (LP) is well known but controversial in the literature. AIM: Two patients with lichen planus and chronic hepatitis C are presented. One of them suffered with disseminated LP and the other had cutaneous and oral erosive symptoms. METHODS: The chronic hepatitis of the patients was proved by elevated ALT and AST level, anti HCV (ELISA) and HCV-PCR serological examinations and liver biopsy. The diagnosis of lichen planus established on he typical clinical symptoms and the histological examination. RESULTS: HCV RNA in the skin specimen from the biopsy of the skin lesion was detected by RT-PCR method, but the non affected skin specimen from the first patient was HCV RNA negative. Treatment of the chronic hepatitis C with specific therapy (interferon-alpha + ribavirin) in the second patient led to the regression of lichen planus symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The authors supposed that the lichen planus is one of the extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection and there is a real correlation between the two diseases in these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The molecular biology of aging--therapeutic interventions?].

Aging is a complex mechanism of progressive and irreversible processes occurring to molecules, to cells and to the whole organism and ending with death. Genetic - so called "programmed" - factors and the combination of environmental interactions play the most important role in its development. Changes in macromolecules caused by free radicals, non-enzymatic glycosylation and apoptosis have a special role in the pathomechanism of aging. Endocrine and immune systems have also an important influence and control on the process. Those environmental effects, as for example irradiation, toxic chemicals, metal ions, free radicals play a determinant role in the development of aging. Diseases of old age should be distinguished from aging per se, although changes in old age increase the frequency of diseases. Those aging changes, which are associated with a generalized increase in mortality (but not with specific disease) would qualify as biomarkers of aging and would distinguish biological age from chronological age (passage of time). Because of increased average lifetime of people in the "western world", basic and clinical research in connection with aging and geriatrics has special importance in medicine. Better understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging could improve not only medical care of the elderly but could hold out also some hope in finding feasible solutions to slow down the aging process as well.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

[Cultural history of wine, the theoretical background of wine therapy].

The knowledge of wine and grapes as old as the cultural history of human population. The small consumption of wine could be advantageous. Also it has been well established for several thousands of years, that it could cause acute and chronic injuries after higher consumption. Its antiinfectious effect in dermatological drugs had been known in the archeological ages. The unguents containing wine polyphenols are advantageous in some dermatological injuries and also in the treatment of muscular and articular alterations. Moderate consumption of wine may decrease the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. In healthy individuals consumption of one-two dl of wine can decrease the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. This quantity, however, may be injurious in pregnancy, in children, and in various organic diseases, especially in liver disease, as well as if combined with common drugs.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2005

[The therapeutic effect of metadoxine on alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis].

The therapeutic effect of metadoxine on alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Alcohol-induced liver disease is one of the main epidemic problems of nowadays. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has been described only for some years, but it also needs much more attention in the future. The etiologic factors of both entities are quite different, but the pathologic changes of the liver are nearly the same, therefore there could be certain drugs, that are equally effective in their therapy. Metadoxine is one of them, mainly because its protective effect against the damage done by free radicals. Metadoxine is a pyridoxine-pyrrolidone carboxylate with significant scavenging property. There are a lot of patients suffering from steatohepatitis, and they will face the complications of the liver damage. The aim is to provide better recovery and proper quality of life, which is based on the deeper understanding of these mechanisms. Metadoxine is suitable for increasing reduced glutathione level, which is very important for the redox homeostasis of the liver and the whole body. The effectiveness of the drug is established both in acute and in chronic alcoholism, moreover it helps in staying abstinent.

Alcohol Deterrents↗
PubMed2005

[Hepatorenal syndrome].

Hepatorenal syndrome. Hepatorenal syndrome is a functional renal failure in state of portal hypertension caused by splanchnic vasodilatation that brings decrease of renal perfusion. The inductive factors include acute alcoholic hepatitis, non-adequate diuretic therapy, infections and bleeding from upper parts of gastrointestinal tract. Recognition of pathophysiological mechanisms of hepatorenal syndrome helped the elaboration of therapeutic schemes. The treatment is successful in improvement of renal functions in many patients but it is very expensive.

Hepatorenal Syndrome↗
PubMed2005

[Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): clinical and pathological features].

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): clinical and pathological features. The gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. With immunohistochemical, electron microscope and molecular examinations they can be clearly distinguished in both their genotype and phenotype from other mesenchymal tumors. GIST tumors express the CD 117 receptor in more than 90% independent of histopathological features and clinical behaviour. This is why it is considered as the most important characteristic. The incidence is 10-20 new cases per 1 million annually. The number of incidents is expected to increase by the establishment of CD117 and other new markers (protein kinase C theta, DOG1). Nowadays the establishment of the expected biological behavior and malignancy can be difficult. The best prognostic factors are the tumor size and the mitotic index. Dominantly, due to the mutation of the c-kit proto-oncogene and PGDFRA gene that the high level tyrosine kinase activity generates resulting uncontrolled proliferation and cell growth. The imatinib mesylate is a selective inhibitor of the KIT tyrosine kinase receptor and it also blocks the activity of the PDGFRA kinase. The therapeutic consequence of this is that the majority of advanced GIST tumors which do not react to conventional radio- and chemotherapy respond well to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. As a result, survival and patient's quality of life can significantly improve.

Anoctamin-1↗
PubMed2005

Effect of inhibitors of myeloperoxidase on the development of aortic atherosclerosis in an animal model.

Our earlier studies have shown that some steroids increase myeloperoxidase enzyme (MPO) release from human granulocytes, and that MPO plasma levels are significantly lower in postclimacteric people. Moreover, we have proven that MPO inhibits production of atherogenic free radical superoxide anion and MPO-inhibitors increase superoxide release. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of MPO-inhibitors on the early phase of aortic atherosclerosis, namely the extent of intimal plaques and the thickening of the medial layer. Adult male rabbits were fed with lipid rich food (cholesterol: 1.3%, peanut oil: 8%) for 8 weeks. During this period MPO-inhibitors were also given (4-aminobenzoicacid-hydrazide/ABAH/-13.3 mg/kg/day or indometacin-5 mg/kg/day). All animals developed intimal lipid plaques (raised fatty streaks). The relative plaque-covered areas of the aortas were compared and the media thickness of the aorta was measured on plaque-free as well as plaque-containing areas. The medial smooth muscle density and peroxidase activity of the aortic media were also determined. The media thickness increased (p<0.05) in the cholesterol+ABAH as well as in the cholesterol+indometacin groups up to 375.7 (+/-60.5) and 442.5 (+/-123.4) microm, respectively, compared to the control group (cholesterol feeding alone) where it measured only 308.4 (+/-51.67) microm. The medial peroxidase activity decreased significantly in the indometacin treated group and showed a decreasing tendency using ABAH. In parallel to this there was a tendency of increase in the relative plaque covered areas. The smooth muscle density showed no significant modifications, while inhibitors of the MPO seemed to enhance aortic medial thickness, i.e. the grade of a pre-atherosclerotic lesion, in our animal model. Collectively, the anti-atherogenic effect of certain steroid hormones might be realized through the impact on MPO activity.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed2005

Substance P released from sensory nerve endings influences tear secretion and goblet cell function in the rat.

The aim of this study was to present morphological and functional evidence to evaluate whether tear secretion is influenced by neuropeptides released from sensory nerve endings of the conjunctiva. Following unilateral electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion, tears were collected at both sides and assessed for volume and protein concentration; as well as gel electrophoresis and luminol chemiluminescence with immunostaining to immunoglobulin A and lysozyme measurements. Goblet cell density (goblet cells/100 basal cells) was recorded during histopathological examination of removed lids. Rats were pretreated with atropine to block parasympathetic; guanethidine to block sympathetic neuronal pathways; or hexamethonium to block synaptic transmission in ganglia. Capsaicin was used to deplete neurotransmitters from sensory nerve endings or SR140333 to block substance P tachykinin NK1 receptor mediated responses. Effects of inadequate electrode position or incidental lesion of trigeminal ganglion were examined by placing the electrode in false position, or no stimulation at a correct position. Electrical stimulation resulted in 380% increase of tear secretion (p < 0.001) and 30% decrease of goblet cell density (p < 0.001) on the the stimulated side compared to the unstimulated side. Atropine, guanethidine and hexamethonium pretreatments had no effect (p > 0.05), but capsaicin and SR140333 inhibited the effect of stimulation (by 96% and 72%, respectively, p < 0.001). Inadequate stimulation did not increase the tear secretion (p < 0.05). Protein concentration decreased, whilst tear volume and total secreted protein increased (p < 0.005) after stimulation. Electrophoresis showed no difference in protein pattern between stimulated and control side and analysis of equivalent amount of tear protein with luminol chemiluminescence indicated no difference in immunoglobulin A and lysozyme ratio following stimulation (p>0.05). We conclude that antidromic electrical activation of conjunctival sensory nerve endings significantly increases water, mucus and protein phases of tear. It is suggested that the sensory neuropeptide substance P plays a pivotal role in this neurogenic regulatory mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Antioxidant characteristics of a newly developed vermouth wine].

INTRODUCTION: The polyphenol compounds can be responsible for the beneficial physiological effects of the wine, specially of the red wine. The supposed mechanism in health protecting effect due to the polyphenol components in the wine can be grouped to several biochemical reactions. One of the most important and mostly examined characteristics is their antioxidant and radical scavenging effect. AIM OF THE STUDY: Examination of the antioxidant characteristics of a newly developed vermouth wine. METHODS: Antioxidant characteristics of a newly developed vermouth wine (marked with FB) till now not in the market were studied comparing with those of three red and three white wines as well as of one rose wine. The total polyphenol content, the hydrogen donor activity, the reduction capacity and the complex building activity were determined. RESULTS: Hundred ml of the vermouth wine involves 18.8 mg alcohol, as well as 220 mg polyphenol compounds, comparing to the mean polyphenol content of white wine with 10.5 mg alcohol and 35 mg polyphenol contents. CONCLUSIONS: Usual consumption of one unit from the vermouth wine examined in this paper is medically acceptable, furthermore the organism can have those polyphenol compounds which play substantial role in the protection against oxidative stress.

Antioxidants↗