Biomedical subjects

Jörgen Samuelsson

Publications and source records attributed to Jörgen Samuelsson.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Assessment of 4-nitro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride reductase activity in homogenates of bakers' yeast by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of yield and conversion ratio of 4-nitro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride to 4-amino-1,8-naphthalic anhydride following incubation with a crude bakers' yeast homogenate. The analytes were separated on a C18 column in gradient mode. The detection limit of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalic anhydride is 10ng/microl when using a 10microl sample injection volume. The nitroreductase activity in the homogenate system can be assessed during the bioconversion process. The method can be used for the simultaneous detection of 4-hydroxylamino-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, an intermediate with limited stability.

Anhydrides↗

PubMed2006

Invisible analyte peak deformations in single-component liquid chromatography.

It is well known that if a small excess of solute is injected into a chromatographic system equilibrated with an eluent containing the same solute, a single so-called perturbation peak will appear in the chromatogram. It was recently shown (Samuelsson, J.; Forssén, P.; Stefansson, M.; Fornstedt, T. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 953-958) that this peak consists of displaced plateau molecules; the injected molecules (mass peak) elute later, together with a deficiency of plateau molecules and are therefore not detected. In this article, we investigated what happens if a large rather than a small excess of solute molecules is injected. To study this systematically, the experimental method involved an enantiomer pair in an achiral separation system. It was found that the invisible mass peak was extremely deformed and that its shape depended on the amount of excess injected, the eluent concentration, and the column length. Depending on these operational conditions, the mass peak changed from a classical Langmuirian (tailing) to an anti-Langmuirian (leading) shape, with deformed shapes observable in the transition. The visible, overloaded perturbation peak was always Langmuirian, regardless of the mass peak shape.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

Discovery of invisible extra fronts in single-component frontal analysis in liquid chromatography.

Frontal analysis (FA) is often used in the "staircase mode", in which the solute concentration in the eluent increases stepwise. We demonstrate here in the single-component case, that all eluted breakthrough curves (fronts) for the second and subsequent steps consist solely of displaced plateau molecules. The newly introduced molecules (i.e., the introduced mass) instead elute later, in a breakthrough front hidden from detection, i.e., the mass front. These effects were studied using experimentally verified numerical calculations, the mass fronts being visualized using an enantiomer pair in an achiral separation system. Notably, the mass front displays no self-sharpening effects, even under strongly nonlinear conditions. Instead, the front is sigmoidal in shape.

Adsorption↗

PubMed2004

Experimental proof of a chromatographic paradox: are the injected molecules in the peak?

Forty years ago Helfferich and Peterson published an article in Science regarding a "paradoxical" behavior in nonlinear chromatography (Helfferich, F.; Peterson, D. L. Science 1963, 142, 661-662). They theoretically predicted that when an excess of sample molecules is injected into a chromatographic column that is equilibrated with a constant stream of identical molecules, the observed peak will not contain the injected molecules. Instead the observed peak will only contain molecules from the stream whereas the injected molecules will exit the column in a slower moving, "invisible" peak. They considered it paradoxical that a single injection in a single-component system could cause the successive elution of two peaks (Helfferich, F. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 410-413). In this study, the paradox is experimentally proven for the first time. Two different strategies were employed: (i) a radiochemical approach and (ii) a method based on the use of two enantiomers in a nonchiral separation system. The experiments were compared with computer simulations.

Journal Article↗