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Biomedical subjects

J-D de Korwin

Publications and source records attributed to J-D de Korwin.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Helicobacter pylori infection and antimicrobial agents resistance].

PURPOSE: Seven days triple therapies combining a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and 2 antimicrobial agents (clarithromycin [C], amoxicillin [A], metronidazole [M]), are recommended for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. The eradication failures have increased these last years, particularly in France (about 30%). They are essentially related to the development of antimicrobial agents resistance, mainly concerning macrolides and nitro-imidazoles. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: Primary resistance to clarithromycin is variable, but reaching now about 10% throughout the world and about 20% in France. It reduces the eradication success rate at 25%. The secondary resistance is very high, contra-indicating the use of clarithromycin in second line regimens. Primary resistance to amoxicillin has recently appeared, but remains very low until now, less than 2%, as the tetracyclin (T) resistance. Primary resistance to metronidazole is 3 times higher than macrolides resistance, but its determination is less accurate. Metronidazole resistance reduces eradication rate of about 25%, leading to the use of metronidazole in second line therapy, in increasing the triple therapy duration at 14 days (PPI-A-M), or in combination with quadruple therapy (Bismuth-PPI-T-M). Other rescue-treatments are efficacious, based on ranitidine bismuth citrate combined regimens or on rifabutine (R) based regimens (PPI-A-R). FUTURE PROSPECTS AND PROJECTS: The recent knowledge of the mutations mainly responsible for H. pylori resistance to antimicrobial agents now allows the development of detection methods based on the study of bacterial DNA. These methods have been validated for clarithromycin and should favour in the near future the determination of resistance by the use of biopsy culture or directly on the gastric biopsy.

Drug Resistance, Bacterial↗
PubMed2003

[Implication of emergency departments in the regulation of public hospitalizations].

PURPOSE: Emergency departments become a useful way to access to hospital care. Since these last years difficulties of hospitalization, mainly of the elderly, after visit to the emergency department, are on the increase. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: Emergency departments are an important mode of recruitment for hospital units, 4 patients to 10 are hospitalized from emergency departments. The difficulties of hospitalization starting at the emergency department are more important for the elderly. Actually, there are 2 type of hospital care, planed and non planed care. The development of observation units specific to the emergency departments allowed to resolve some of these difficulties. But they are limited by their small number of beds and the duration of hospitalization below to 36 h. Some hospitals developed polyvalent emergency short stay unit to hospitalize patients who visited emergency department without necessity to give them a specialized care. FUTURE PROSPECTS AND PROJECTS: This situation must allow us to purpose a better regulation of hospitalizations which includes emergency departments in a network system including the different hospital ways of taking care. A downstream way of care adapted to the emergency hospitalizations would be developed. This could include the emergency department, the observation unit and the emergency short stay unit in interface with internal medicine and general medicine units, geriatric unit and specialized units, all of them will be included in a town-hospital care network.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗