Biomedical subjects

J-P Goullé

Publications and source records attributed to J-P Goullé.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Which biological matrix for cannabis testing?].

Decisive analytical progress for biological cannabis testing has been achieved over the past ten years. These major contributions allow to accurately identify and quantify in detail the substances present in the body following cannabinoid exposure. Fast and reliable onsite urine testing is used to implement the French law on narcotic drugs and its relationship to motorway safety. A positive test result will indicate a very recent exposure which is detectable up to five days following intake. Then a clinical examination and blood collection are performed by a physician, with a subsequent blood tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) analysis by authorized professionals registered at the judicial court of appeal. A result higher than the cut-off value is associated with a very recent cannabis exposure. Blood, urine, saliva and sweat cannabis determination are assessed according to the most recent pharmacokinetic and analytical data.

Automobile Driving↗

PubMed2004

[Inductively coupled plasma and clinical biology. Toxicological applications].

The multi-elementary quantitation method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has been widely developed for use with biological fluids. Many elements can be quantified simultaneously in biological fluids, including: Li, Be, B, Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Pd, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Ba, W, Pt, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, U. The validation procedure is described by the French Society of Clinical Biology. Results for urine are corrected after creatinine determination. We report applications in clinical toxicology and forensic toxicology. Advances in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the field of clinical biology are particularly important for toxicological analysis. This powerful tool is helpful for better patient care and for the search for cause of death.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Judicial expertise in blood alcohol determination and toxicological analysis].

Blood alcohol determination or toxicological expert evaluation are a part of the judicial inquiry. They are devoted to authorized professionals registrated by the court of appeal and they are obliged to perform themselves the analysis. They bind the civil and penal liability of the professionals who are designated. After a reapparaisal of the French legislation concerning blood alcohol levels, the authors review the totality of problems resulting from the interpretation of results as well as the relationship to judicial authorities: expert nomination procedure, professional criterions, legal points, daily practice. Among usual questions from magistrates and policemen, the expert has to estimate the quantity of alcohol taken by an individual, evaluate the blood ethanol content of a subject when the blood collection is late, calculate blood ethanol from breath alcohol analysis. For forensic toxicology, professional criterions and legal aspects are also touched on.

Breath Tests↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Biomarkers for toxicity and metabolic abnormalities of the main severe poisonings. Clinical and toxicologic symptoms. Conservative determination].

The members of the joint group "Toxicology and Clinical Biology" of the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC), the French Society of Analytical Toxicology (SFTA), and the Society of Clinical Toxicology (STC), suggest guidelines to meet the requirements of clinical biologists who are not specialized in toxicology. Based on good laboratory practice they propose a number of guidelines. Three synthetic tables have been established. They are not only toxicity biomarkers and metabolic disorders associated with the main severe intoxications, but also clinical signs that are observed during these intoxications, finally biological sampling as a precautionary measure. The table also takes into account approximately fifty xenobiotics: main clinical signs emergency, identification or quantification of the suspected product, useful biological markers, therapeutic, quantitations necessary to take into consideration patient care, and poison antidotes, are described. Recommendations regarding medical and forensic techniques are also proposed by the group. It is also necessary to collect and store biological samples when the individual patients are in charge. These samples will be analyzed or not depending on the individual case history.

Biomarkers↗