Early history of pediatric ultrasound (circa 1960-1985).
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Awards and Prizes↗
Biomedical subjects
Jack O Haller
Publications and source records attributed to Jack O Haller.
Tracheal web.
Congenital tracheal web is a rare entity often misdiagnosed as refractory asthma. Clinical suspicion based on patient history, examination, and pulmonary function tests should lead to its consideration. Bronchoscopy combined with CT imaging and multiplanar reconstruction is an accepted, highly sensitive means of diagnosis.
Asthma↗
Tracheoesophageal fistula (H-type) in neonates with imperforate anus and the VATER association.
We report three patients with imperforate anus and other stigmata of the VATER syndrome who were diagnosed as having tracheoesophageal (TE) fistula, H-type, with intact esophagus. The fistula was diagnosed in two of the three patients only after recurrent respiratory infections.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Characteristic pancreatic injuries secondary to child abuse.
A review of the most common visceral injuries which arise as a result of child abuse is presented. Duodenal and pancreatic injuries are the most characteristic injuries secondary to abuse. The clinical presentation may not be suggestive of the nature of the patient's injury, and these descriptions may help the radiologist to discern their true etiology.
Journal Article↗
Imaging neuroblastoma in children.
Neuroblastoma is a common solid tumor of childhood that can involve the abdomen, thorax, pelvis, or the head and neck. The clinical manifestations are dependent on the widespread distribution of neural crest tissue and the length of the sympathetic chain involvement. Abdominal pain and hypertension may occur as a result of renal vasculature compression; respiratory distress may be evident in thoracic tumors; and Homer's syndrome or heterochromia of the iris may manifest from neuroblastoma of the head and neck. In addition, symptoms of cord compression and back pain may result from spinal cord compromise due to epidural invasion. Metastatic involvement of the liver, skin, periorbital regions, or bone may cause hepatomegaly, skin nodules, proptosis, or bone marrow failure, respectively. Clinical findings along with tumor metastasis may be studied by various imaging modalities to assess the nature and extent of the tumor. Diagnostic tests include plain radiography, ultrasonography, CT scanning, and MR imaging. Bone marrow studies, bone scans, and scintigraphy with 131I-metaiodobenzylmandelic may be utilized for metastatic evaluation. By using these imaging studies to detect the nature and behavior of neuroblastoma, early intervention may indeed improve patient survival.
Child↗
Periosteal reaction with normal-appearing underlying bone: a child abuse mimicker.
Any irritation or disruption to the underlying bone will cause a periosteal reaction and result in new periosteal bone deposition. Periosteal bone formation may be due to either physiologic or pathologic causes. Pathologic bone formation generally results from an adjacent inflammatory process or a hypoxic or toxic stimulus. Common causes of pathologic periosteal reaction in children include trauma to the underlying bone. However, other causes such as hypervitaminosis A, prostaglandin therapy, cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease), hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (primary and secondary), osteomyelitis, leukemia, trauma, and syphilis must also be considered. The last four are usually associated with some degree of bone destruction, while in the first four diseases the underlying bone is left radiologically intact. This paper will concentrate on those diseases that appear to leave the underlying bone intact. The clinical and radiological features that help to differentiate some of these entities are presented.
Journal Article↗
Horseshoe adrenal gland in association with asplenia: presentation of six new cases and review of the literature.
BACKGROUND: Asplenia syndrome is a form of heterotaxy characterized by bilateral right-sidedness. Congenital fusion of the adrenal glands ("horseshoe adrenal gland") is a less common feature of asplenia syndrome, most instances of which have been found at autopsy. PURPOSE: To present clinical and imaging features of infants diagnosed with asplenia syndrome and horseshoe adrenal gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six infants with asplenia syndrome were identified as having a horseshoe adrenal gland. Medical records and imaging studies were reviewed to determine clinical presentation, associated anomalies, and outcome. The literature was reviewed for prior reports of horseshoe adrenal gland. RESULTS: Horseshoe adrenal gland was identified in five infants by sonography and one by CT, the latter confirmed by autopsy. In all cases, the horseshoe adrenal gland was pre-aortic. Besides features of asplenia syndrome, one infant also had associated vertebral anomalies and bilateral renal agenesis. Including the current cases, of 65 reported cases of horseshoe adrenal gland 34 (52%) were associated with asplenia, 24 (37%) with neural tube defects, 19 (29%) with renal anomalies, and 2 (3%) with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Horseshoe adrenal gland has not been reported with polysplenia syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Horseshoe adrenal gland is a less common manifestation of asplenia that may be demonstrated by imaging. Horseshoe adrenal gland may be a differentiating feature between asplenia and polysplenia.
Adrenal Glands↗
Multiple fetuses in fetu:imaging findings.
Fetus in fetu is an extremely rare developmental abnormality secondary to abnormal embryogenesis in a diamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. It occurs when a vertebrate fetus is enclosed within the abdomen of a normally developing fetus. This report describes the prospective diagnosis of fetus in fetu by findings on a plain radiograph and CT scan. At surgery, two fetus in fetu were discovered.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
CT findings of small bowel trichobezoar.
A 14-year-old girl presented to our emergency room with abdominal pain and persistent vomiting. A plain radiograph of the abdomen showed features of small bowel obstruction, with dilated loops of small bowel and a mottled gas and debris pattern in the stomach and right lower quadrant. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis obtained to exclude appendicitis showed the distinctive appearance of a trichobezoar. A preoperative diagnosis of gastric and intestinal trichobezoar was made.
Journal Article↗