Biomedical subjects

Jack S Damico

Publications and source records attributed to Jack S Damico.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Emerging issues and trends in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an update for the speech-language pathologist.

There are many trends in the diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that have emerged over the past several years. The first of these emerging trends is the growing prevalence of ADHD diagnoses across age groups and cultures. Although the causes of this growing prevalence are unclear, several suggestions, including a broader definition of ADHD, are discussed as potential contributions. A second emerging issue is related to the underlying theory of ADHD. Barkley's biopsychosocial model of ADHD is briefly discussed as a prototype model to help in the understanding of ADHD. Finally, the growing trend in pharmacological treatment of ADHD is discussed. Stimulant medications, as well as a recent nonstimulant medication are discussed and compared with nonpharmacological alternatives.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

PubMed2004

Owning up to complexity: a sociocultural orientation to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

To enrich our conception of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), it is necessary to take a wider orientation to this disability category than has been advocated traditionally. Over the past decade, there has been an emerging conception of ADHD from a sociocultural perspective, and this orientation, when linked to the traditional biomedical perspective, provides a more accurate and authentic construct of ADHD. In this article, we advocate that speech-language pathologists approach ADHD with a mindset that is open to the complexities of context-bound human functioning at all levels. Four sources of data demonstrating the richness of the sociocultural orientation are presented and clinical implications are detailed

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

PubMed2003

Qualitative research and speech-language pathology: a tutorial for the clinical realm.

As an analytic paradigm, qualitative research offers much to clinical speech-language pathology. This paradigm has a long history of use in the social sciences, and it is well suited to address the complex issues of speech, language, and communication. As an introduction to this forum on qualitative research, this article provides an operational definition of qualitative research, discusses the primary distinguishing traits of this research paradigm, and describes six viable traditions of inquiry for our application. Additionally, numerous qualitative studies within our field are considered, and five potential reasons for the increased use of qualitative research studies in our discipline are discussed.

Anthropology, Cultural↗

PubMed2003

Contributions of qualitative research to the knowledge base of normal communication.

As clinical speech-language pathology moves toward a progressive use of qualitative research methodologies and applications for clinical purposes, it is helpful to know how the qualitative paradigm has influenced our field. This article reviews a number of studies from the social sciences and their impact on our knowledge of the properties of communication and the investigation of cognitive and language acquisition. This review indicates that qualitative research currently has a significant impact on our knowledge bases in clinical speech-language pathology.

Communication↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The base layer and the gaze/gesture layer of transcription.

This article focuses on two initial layers of transcription important to the transcription tool kit. Employing several examples from previous work, the basic orthographic layer of transcription and the layer involving interactional gaze and symbolic gesture are discussed and described. These two layers of transcription are often essential to the transcription and understanding of communication as social action.

Communication↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A transcription toolkit: theoretical and clinical considerations.

This paper discusses theoretical and clinical aspects of transcription practices in clinical linguistics and phonetics, and speech-language pathology. We consider the purpose of transcribing and transcripts, and distinguish between the transcript as a product and transcribing as a complex, cyclical process that forms an integral part of data analysis. Operational relationships between transcriber, data and data source, and the reader are addressed. We suggest a multi-layered toolkit approach to transcribing, based on six guiding principles.

Communication↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Interpreting problematic behavior: systematic compensatory adaptations as emergent phenomena in autism.

Based upon an emergent account of pragmatic ability and disability, this article provides theoretical and empirical support for a conceptually deeper understanding of some systematic behaviors that have served as diagnostic indices in communicatively impaired populations. Specifically, by employing conversation analysis, several examples of problematic behaviors in autism are analysed as a specific type of compensatory adaptation. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The negotiation of intelligibility in an aphasic dyad.

Employing conversation analysis as a research technique, this study investigates the ways that unintelligibility is accounted for and overcome within a therapeutic encounter between an individual with aphasia and dysarthria and his clinician. The results emphasize the collaborative nature of intelligibility negotiation and demonstrate how both the individual with the impairment and his clinician employ various interactional strategies and knowledge resources to turn unintelligibility into intelligibility so that the therapeutic encounter may continue.

Aphasia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Qualitative research in literacy acquisition: a framework for investigating reading in children with language impairment.

Although much has been published in the literature concerning literacy in children with language impairments, little is known concerning the process that the individual language-impaired child must go through to become a proficient reader. One reason for this may lie within the focus and rigor dictated by the methodologies typically used in literacy-related studies. This paper addresses some of the limitations of the available literacy literature among language-impaired populations and discusses how recent advances in qualitative research hold potential for significant methodological and clinical contributions to our understanding of literacy, specifically reading. A case study is presented demonstrating the usefulness of this methodological approach to describing the process of reading acquisition in a language-impaired child.

Child↗