Biomedical subjects

Jacques Patrick Barbet

Publications and source records attributed to Jacques Patrick Barbet.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Does the source of laser energy influence the coagulation of chorionic plate vessels? Comparison of Nd:YAG and diode laser on an ex vivo placental model.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the histological effects of diode and Neodymium-Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser coagulation of chorionic plate vessels. METHODS: In selected chorionic plate vessels in an ex vivo term placenta perfused with warm saline solution, diode (wavelength 940 nm) and Nd:YAG (wave length 1,064 nm) laser were used with an output of 30, 40, and 50 W, and 55 and 70 W respectively using preset energy and duration of impact. All vessels were examined histologically blindly to the procedures' characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 23 vessels were coagulated. Similar histological lesions were observed using diode and Nd:YAG lasers. The lesions were compatible with an acceptable clinical effect at all power outputs tested. The results were not related to the diameter or type of vessels. Lesions of the endothelium and reduction of the vessel lumen were best achieved with a diode laser at 40 W. CONCLUSION: Nd:YAG and Diode laser induce significant and comparable changes in chorionic plate vessels compatible with an efficient coagulation process under the experimental condition used.

Aluminum↗

PubMed2005

Digestive endoscopy in neonates.

Since the introduction of flexible fiberoptic endoscopy in the early 1970s, esophagogastro-duodenoscopy and colonoscopy have become established procedures for the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal tract disease in the pediatric population. The development of safe fiberoptic endoscopes specially designed for neonates has allowed visualization of lesions occurring in the first days of life. Despite an increased understanding of neonatal digestive disorders deriving from this new diagnostic modality, there is little consensus on the appropriate use of endoscopic procedures in routine care of neonates. It is the feeling of the authors that widening the indications of endoscopy in the neonatal period might lead to diagnosis of discrete clinical abnormalities, which might improve the care of neonates. The techniques for performing neonatal endoscopies, the appropriate indications, the common normal and pathologic findings and the complications of these procedures are reviewed.

Digestive System↗

PubMed2004

Intervertebral disc degeneration: the role of the mitochondrial pathway in annulus fibrosus cell apoptosis induced by overload.

Degeneration of the intervertebral disk (IVD) is a major pathological process implicated in low back pain and is a prerequisite to disk herniation. Although mechanical stress is an important modulator of the degeneration, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The association of human IVD degeneration, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, with annulus fibrosus cell apoptosis and anti-cytochrome c staining revealed that the activation of the mitochondria-dependent apoptosome was a major event in the degeneration process. Mouse models of IVD degeneration were used to investigate the role of the mechanical stress in this process. The application of mechanical overload (1.3 MPa) for 24 hours induced annulus fibrosus cell apoptosis and led to severe degeneration of the mouse disks. Immunostaining revealed cytochrome c release but not Fas-L generation. The role of the caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial pathway in annulus fibrosus cell apoptosis induced by overload was investigated further with the use of cultured rabbit IVD cells in a stretch device. Mechanical overload (15% area change) induced apoptosis with increased caspase-9 activity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, Z-LEHD-FMK, a caspase-9 inhibitor, but not Z-IETD-FMK, a caspase-8 inhibitor, attenuated the overload-induced apoptosis. Our results from human samples, mouse models, and annulus fibrosus culture experiments demonstrate that the mechanical overload-induced IVD degeneration is mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in IVD cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Connections of the bladder plate and bladder neck with the bony pelvis in a fetus with classic bladder exstrophy.

OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that the bladder plate and bladder neck in classic bladder exstrophy are laying on smooth muscle fibers that extend laterally to the pubic bones. METHODS: We compared a male fetus of 28 weeks' gestational age with classic bladder exstrophy with a normal fetus of the same age. The specimens were divided into two parts by a midsagittal section, from the bladder neck to the membranous urethra. Thin transverse slices were also obtained on one part, and longitudinal slices on the other part. RESULTS: The smooth musculature of the bladder is normally differentiated cytologically and extends laterally to the bony structures of the pelvis. The musculature of the bladder neck and urethra are normally present compared with the control. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate the musculoskeletal organization of the urogenital system in classic bladder exstrophy. They also indicate that these structures should be clearly individualized and repaired in the reconstruction of classic bladder exstrophy.

Bladder Exstrophy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Meiotic studies of infertile men in case of non-obstructive azoospermia with normal karyotype and no microdeleted Y-chromosome precise the clinical couple management.

To identify meiotic criteria for infertility management in non-obstructive azoospermic men, a prospective and multicentric study was organized in Andrological Departments of Paris (France), Roma (Italy) and Budapest (Hungary). In 117 non-obstructive azoospermic men with normal karyotype and no Y-chromosome microdeletion, histology and meiotic studies on bilateral bipolar testicular biopsies were done. Histologically, 40 patients (34%) presented spermatocyte or spermatid arrest, 39 (33%) hypospermatogenesis whereas no meiotic cell could be observed in the remaining patients (33%). Cytogenetically, meiotic figures could only be obtained from the two first histological groups. Meiotic abnormalities were observed in a total of 44 patients (37.6%) including nine patients (7.7%) with severe class I and class IIB anomalies and 19 patients (16.2%) with class IIC environmentally linked meiotic abnormalities. These results provided essential clues for an accurate clinical management. For patients with no meiotic figures and patients with class I and class IIB anomalies, an hormonal stimulation is illusory and a sperm gift should be directly proposed. An hormonal stimulation should be proposed to all the other patients, either directly or following the treatment of the testicular microenvironment for the patients presenting class IIC anomalies. The genetic risk and possibility of prenatal chromosomal analysis in case of pregnancy should be clearly exposed to all the couples in all the cases where type IIA, III or IV anomalies are present. This therapeutical strategy has been applied to all the patients in our series.

Chromosomes, Human, Y↗