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Biomedical subjects

Jakob Schneider

Publications and source records attributed to Jakob Schneider.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Conjoined twins sharing major organs and with discordant congenital anomaly.

Thoraco-omphalopagus conjoined twins born to a 25-year-old para one Ethiopian lady are presented. Prenatal diagnosis was not made until elective cesarean section delivery was done for severe preeclampsia and twin pregnancy with breech presentation. Detailed autopsy results and relevant literature reviews are described. To the best of our knowledge, these are the second-documented cases of conjoined twins in this country.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2005

Extracranial meningioma of the scalp: case report.

A 70-year-old man was admitted with a swelling on the left parietal region, which had grown progressively but slowly for three years. During the last six months the swelling increased in size relatively faster. The lesion was excised totally and sent for pathological examination. The histologic diagnosis was classical meningothelial meningioma. The specimen included some fragments of the skull, however, there was no evidence of an intracranial origin of the tumor. Eighteen months after surgery there was no evidence of recurrence or neurological deficit. Even though primary extracranial meningioma is a rare neoplasm, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors above all in the head and neck region.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma causing diagnostic difficulties.

We present history, clinical presentation and anatomo-pathologic findings of a 24-year-old female patient with a nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma. This rare tumor is characterized by its angiocentric and angiodestructive growth, which results in extensive tumor necrosis. At the first encounter this tumor necrosis made it difficult to identify the nature of the tumor cells. However, this necrosis is a key feature: it is the result of the capacity of neoplastic NK/T-cells to invade vessels. The T-cell character of the neoplastic lymphoid has been shown by immunohistochemitry.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Holoprosencephaly, cephalothorax' appearance with multiple cardiac anomalies: a diagnostic challenge.

Holoprosencephaly is one of the rare types of craniofacial congenital anomaly characterized by failure of differentiation of the procencephalon to diencephalon and telencephalon derivatives that accompanied by variable degree of orbitofacial dysmorphism. The case presented to our hospital in the third trimester of pregnancy with intrauterine fetal death was diagnosed prior to delivery as hydrocephalus to rule out hydrops fetalis. Autopsy examination showed distinctive features of holoprosencephaly of severe type in conjunction with a large head fused with the thorax to appear as a spherical ball ('cephalothorax' nature) and multiple cardiac malformations but with normally differentiated upper and lower limbs, intestines, female reproductive system and kidneys. We are reporting this unusual case to remind clinicians to be conscious on partly preventable teratogens specific to this anomaly, and if failed to do so, to diagnose as early as possible and terminate the pregnancy through vaginal route, within all the provision of the law.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Occurrence of intra-ventricular hemorrhage among preterm infants admitted in Tikur Anbessa Hospital.

All preterm babies admitted to the neonatal unit of Tikur Anbessa Hospital (TAH) Addis Ababa from November 2000 to November 2001 were followed until discharge or death. There were 298 babies with birth weight of less than 2000 gm and Gestational age of less than 36 weeks. 56 babies died (56/298 = 28%) and consent was obtained to perform autopsy examination on all of them. The mean Gestational age was 31 weeks with the range of 26-35 and the mean birth weight was 1377 grams with the range of 780-1900 grams. Intra ventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) was seen in 18 (18/56 = 32%) preterm infants on autopsy examination. IVH occurred on 36.4% of cases in preterm infants with birth weight of <1500 gm and gestational age of <32 weeks. 16/18 (88.8%) of babies who had IVH were less than 1500 grams. All babies with IVH were in respiratory distress and required resuscitation. Recommendations are made to improve delivery services and neonatal intensive care unit services to reduce incidence of IVH in preterm babies.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed2004

Pulmonary hamartoma in an Ethiopian adult female: case report.

A 39 years old Ethiopian women presented to Tikur Anbessa Hospital with cough, chest pain, haemaptyis and dyspnea and was admitted with the clinical impression of bronchogenic carcinoma. Pneumonectomy was performed and tissue section from the specimen was reported as pulmonary hamartoma. A detailed description of the clinical findings, laboratory data, chest x-ray and pathologic findings presented along with a review of the available literature. This is the first case report of an endobronchial hamartoma in an Ethiopian patient.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Abciximab-facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention and long-term survival--a prospective single-center registry.

AIMS: To identify predictors of use of abciximab and evaluate the long-term survival after percutaneous coronary intervention with or without abciximab in a broad spectrum of patients. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated, in a dedicated registry, the 4-year survival of patients undergoing percutaneous revascularization and the treatment with or without abciximab, using the Social Security Death Index. RESULTS: Among 10,471 patients treated between 2/1/1995 and 12/31/2001, 5655 received abciximab and 4816 did not. Propensity score analysis (c-statistic 0.83) identified the following variables to be independently associated with abciximab use: later date of procedure, stent use, acute or recent infarction, increasing lesion complexity, vein graft intervention, hyperlipidemia, normal renal function, male gender and decreasing age. Procedural success was higher in the abciximab group, 93 vs. 89%, P<0.001. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meyer survival analysis demonstrated a strong trend for improved survival in the abciximab group at 4 years, 86.3 vs. 84.7%, P=0.09. In the 7533 patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), the respective values were 86.0 vs. 83.6%, P=0.03. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis identified increasing age, significant left ventricular dysfunction or congestive heart failure, chronic renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus as main predictors of mortality. Abciximab was independently associated with improved survival only in patients with ACS (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% confidence interval, 0.81-1.00, P=0.05). Abciximab use was associated with a higher rate of access site hematoma (2.8 vs. 1.5%) and blood product transfusion (6.8% vs. 4.8%), P<0.001 for both. CONCLUSION: Abciximab use improves procedural success and is associated with lower 4-year mortality in patients with ACS, for whom it should be strongly considered. A lesser effect is seen in patients without high-risk characteristics.

Abciximab↗
PubMed2003

Septic shock.

Septic shock remains an important cause of death and serious morbidity in medical, surgical and obstetric illness. Many patients with septic shock succumb despite aggressive therapy. Any microorganism can initiate septic shock; the pathophysiology of the disease is not clear; the clinical manifestation is not specific; and there is no reliable laboratory result to diagnose septic shock before it is late. Moreover, despite increasingly complex modes of mechanical ventilation, sophisticated respiratory and hemodynamic monitoring, and a continually expanding array of potent antibiotics, the overall mortality from septic shock remained constant. Better outcome is more likely when recognition is early and treatment is much more aggressive. Therefore, where there is suspicion of septic shock: commence fluid resuscitation, administer oxygen, take blood, urine, and other fluids for culture, commence intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics, pass a urethral catheter, determine the cause of sepsis and remove if possible, consult for expert medical advice and possible patient transfer to intensive care units, and provide supportive care to involved organ systems.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗