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Biomedical subjects

James D Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to James D Anderson.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

An implant-retained auricular impression technique to minimize soft tissue distortion.

Achieving adaptation of an auricular prosthesis begins with an accurate impression. It is important to consider how the selection of the impression materials will affect the final outcome of the prosthesis. A procedure is presented to minimize the distortion of the soft tissues caused by the impression materials and procedure. The procedure consists of splinting the implant impression copings, then recording the soft tissue in silicone impression material, followed by the application of acrylic tray resin to provide rigidity.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2003

Altered gene expression in three plant species in response to treatment with Nep1, a fungal protein that causes necrosis.

Nep1 is an extracellular fungal protein that causes necrosis when applied to many dicotyledonous plants, including invasive weed species. Using transmission electron microscopy, it was determined that application of Nep1 (1.0 micro g mL(-)(1), 0.1% [v/v] Silwet-L77) to Arabidopsis and two invasive weed species, spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), caused a reduction in the thickness of the cuticle and a breakdown of chloroplasts 1 to 4 h after treatment. Membrane breakdown was most severe in cells closest to the surface of application. Differential display was used to isolate cDNA clones from the three species showing differential expression in response to Nep1 treatment. Differential gene expression was observed for a putative serpin (CmSER-1) and a calmodulin-like (CmCAL-1) protein from spotted knapweed, and a putative protein phosphatase 2C (ToPP2C-1) and cytochrome P-450 (ToCYP-1) protein from dandelion. In addition, differential expression was observed for genes coding for a putative protein kinase (AtPK-1), a homolog (AtWI-12) of wound-induced WI12, a homolog (AtLEA-1) of late embryogenesis abundant LEA-5, a WRKY-18 DNA-binding protein (AtWRKY-18), and a phospholipase D (AtPLD-1) from Arabidopsis. Genes showing elevated mRNA levels in Nep1-treated (5 micro g mL(-)(1), 0.1% [v/v] Silwet-L77) leaves 15 min after Nep1 treatment included CmSER-1 and CmCAL-1 for spotted knapweed, ToCYP-1 and CmCAL-1 for dandelion, and AtPK-1, AtWRKY-18, AtWI-12, and AtLEA-1 for Arabidopsis. Levels of mRNA for AtPLD-1 (Arabidopsis) and ToPP2C-1 (dandelion) decreased rapidly in Silwet-L77-treated plants between 15 min and 4 h of treatment, but were maintained or decreased more slowly over time in Nep1-treated (5 micro g mL(-)(1), 0.1% [v/v] Silwet-L77) leaves. In general, increases in mRNA band intensities were in the range of two to five times, with only ToCYP-1 in dandelion exceeding an increase of 10 times. The identified genes have been shown to be involved or are related to gene families that are involved in plant stress responses, including wounding, drought, senescence, and disease resistance.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed2003

Effect of mode of polymerization of bonding agent on shear bond strength of autocured resin composite luting cements.

PURPOSE: There have been anecdotal reports of low bond strength with autocured resin composite materials, particularly when light-cured bonding agents that combine primer and adhesive in a 1-bottle preparation are used. The objective of this study was to determine if the mode of polymerization of the bonding agent influences the strength of the attachment of autocured resin composite luting cements to dentin. METHODS: The shear bond strength of 2 resin luting cements, Calibra and RelyX ARC, polymerized by autocuring, in combination with 4 different bonding agents, Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus, Prime & Bond NT, IntegraBond and Single Bond, polymerized to bovine dentin by light-curing, autocuring or dual-curing, was determined. The pH of each bonding agent and its components was measured. Two-way analysis of variance was used to test the effect of cement and adhesive on shear bond strength. For each bonding agent, the adhesive variable combined the factors product brand and mode of polymerization. With significant interaction among the above variables, the least square means of the 16 combinations of resin cement and adhesive were compared. RESULTS: There was no consistent relationship between shear bond strength and mode of polymerization of the bonding agent. Significant differences in bond strength were specific to the proprietary brand of bonding agent. The pH of the bonding agent depends on the manufacturer's formulation, and low pH may contribute to low bond strength. CONCLUSIONS: The low in vitro bond strength occurring with some combinations of bonding agent and resin cement could be clinically significant.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Formation of dimer-type ketals in the reaction of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichloro-m-cresol with calcium hypochlorite in methanol: conversion to quinones and other compounds.

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2) and 2,4,6-trichloro-m-cresol (5) react with calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)(2)) in MeOH to give respectively dimer-type ketals 2-(2',4',6'-trichlorophenoxy)-4,4-dimethoxy-6-chlorocyclohexadien-2,5-one (6) and 2-(3'-methyl-2',4',6'-trichlorophenoxy)-4,4-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-chlorocyclohexadien-2,5-one (7). Ketal 6, which was too unstable to be isolated, and 7 hydrolyzed in H(2)O/HCl to 2-(2',4',6'-trichlorophenoxy)-6-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone (8) and 2-(3'-methyl-2',4',6'-trichlorophenoxy)-5-methyl-6-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone (9), respectively. Ketal 6 and quinone 8 were also produced when 2 and Ca(OCl)(2) reacted in DMF, followed by addition of MeOH and H(2)O, respectively. The mechanisms of these reactions are examined. Conversion of the ketals and quinones to other products is described.

Calcium Compounds↗
PubMed2002

The question.

This exercise of isolating the strongest article from the found titles should take no more than 1 to 2 minutes. Thus, the whole process of searching for the best evidence should take no more than 5 minutes. In medical practices where evidence based practice is done routinely, this process can be completed in less than 1 minute. Obviously, the evaluation could not have been made as expeditiously without the benefit of the specific details articulated in the question. The question focused the search terms and expedited the identification of the strongest evidence that directly addressed the patient's problem from among the found titles. It provided the dentist with good (but not compelling) evidence to support an answer to the patient. It also provided the dentist with a new piece of information to use the next time the problem of reduced implant support comes up. The dentist has thus enjoyed the satisfaction of quickly identifying new knowledge and the confidence that comes with its use. In addition, the information has provided the dentist with a small but important block against the deterioration of clinical judgment skills.

Dental Research↗
PubMed2002

Applying evidence based dentistry to your patients.

It should be evident by now that evidence based dentistry leaves much room for the application of clinical judgment to the literature. This article points out that judgment in evaluating certain factors is essential and that the practice of evidence based dentistry is not a process of blindly following the conclusions found in the literature. Clinicians can safeguard the patient and themselves against the inappropriate use of weak or irrelevant evidence in the conduct of daily practice. This skill adds confidence to decision making in clinical practice and prevents the decline in skills throughout a career.

Decision Making↗